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    Dokumen - Tips - Csec Physics Review Introduction To Logic Gates

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    Ashley Thomas
    This document introduces the seven basic logic gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. It provides a brief definition and truth table for each gate, describing their inputs, outputs, and functions. Specifically, it explains that logic gates are the basic building blocks of digital circuits, having binary inputs of 0 or 1 that represent low and high voltage levels. The output of each gate is determined by the logical combinations of its inputs based on the specific gate.

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    Dokumen - Tips - Csec Physics Review Introduction To Logic Gates

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Thomas
    17 views14 pages
    This document introduces the seven basic logic gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. It provides a brief definition and truth table for each gate, describing their inputs, outputs, and functions. Specifically, it explains that logic gates are the basic building blocks of digital circuits, having binary inputs of 0 or 1 that represent low and high voltage levels. The output of each gate is determined by the logical combinations of its inputs based on the specific gate.

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    This document introduces the seven basic logic gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. It provides a brief definition and truth table for each gate, describing their inputs, outputs, and functions. Specifically, it explains that logic gates are the basic building blocks of digital circuits, having binary inputs of 0 or 1 that represent low and high voltage levels. The output of each gate is determined by the logical combinations of its inputs based on the specific gate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views14 pages

    Dokumen - Tips - Csec Physics Review Introduction To Logic Gates

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Thomas
    This document introduces the seven basic logic gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. It provides a brief definition and truth table for each gate, describing their inputs, outputs, and functions. Specifically, it explains that logic gates are the basic building blocks of digital circuits, having binary inputs of 0 or 1 that represent low and high voltage levels. The output of each gate is determined by the logical combinations of its inputs based on the specific gate.

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    of 14

    Introduction To Logic Gates

    For CSEC Physics

    www.cxctutor.org
    What Are Logic Gates
    A logic gate is an elementary building block of a digital
    circuit.

    Most logic gates have two inputs and one output. At any
    given moment, every terminal is in one of two Binary
    Conditions: Low (0) or High (1), represented by different
    voltage levels.

    The logic state of a terminal can, and generally does,


    change often, as the circuit processes data. In most logic
    gates, the low state is approximately zero volts (0 V), while
    the high state is approximately five volts positive (+5 V).
    There are seven basic Logic
    Gates:

    NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR

    We will look at each of them individually.


    The ‘NOT’ Gate
    • This is the most basic type of
    logic gate which only accepts
    one input.

    • The function of this gate is to


    function as a logical inverter,
    and hence reverses the logic
    state of its input.
    The ‘AND’ Gate
    This logic gate has two inputs that produces one
    output. The output is 1 (High) only when both
    inputs are also high. Otherwise the value for the
    output is 0 (Low). Below is a table showing the logical
    combinations for the AND gate:

    Input 1 (A) Input 2 (B) Output (Y)

    0 0 0
    0 1 0
    1 0 0
    1 1 1
    The ‘OR’ Gate
    • This logic gate also has two
    inputs and one output.

    • The output is 1 (High) if


    either or both of the inputs
    are high.

    • The output is 0 (Low) only if


    both outputs are 0 (Low).
    The ‘NAND’ Gate
    This logic gate operates as an AND gate that is
    followed by a NOT gate. The output is 0 (Low) only
    when both inputs are also high. Otherwise the
    value for the output is 1 (High). Below is a table
    showing the logical combinations for the NAND gate:

    Input 1 (A) Input 2 (B) Output (Y)

    0 0 1
    0 1 1
    1 0 1
    1 1 0
    The ‘NOR’ Gate
    • This logic gate is a
    combination of the OR gate
    followed by an inverter or NOT
    gate.

    • The output is 1 (High) only if


    both of the inputs are 0
    (Low).

    • Otherwise the output is 0


    (Low).
    The ‘XOR’ Gate
    This logic gate acts similar to the OR gate however with the
    following exception: The output is 1 (High) if either but
    not both inputs are also high. Conversely, the output is 0
    (Low) if both inputs are Low or if both inputs are High.
    Below is a table showing the logical combinations for the
    XOR gate:

    Input 1 (A) Input 2 (B) Output (Y)

    0 0 0
    0 1 1
    1 0 1
    1 1 0
    The ‘XNOR’ Gate
    • This logic gate is a
    combination of the XOR gate
    followed by an inverter or NOT
    gate.

    • The output is 1 (High) only if


    both of the inputs are are
    the same.

    • Otherwise the output is 0


    (Low).
    Closing Remark
    It is by using combinations of logic gates, that complex
    operations can be performed.

    In theory, there is no limit to the number of gates than can be


    arranged together in a single device, but in practice, there is
    always a limit to how many components that can be packed
    into a given physical space.

    Arrays of logic gates are found in many digital integrated


    circuits. As technology advances, the required physical volume
    for each individual logic gate decrease and overall digital
    devices become smaller and capable of even more
    complicated operations at an increased speed.

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