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Types of Computer

This document discusses the three main types of computers: 1) Analog computers, which process numeric data representing physical quantities with continuous displays and are used for process control. 2) Digital computers, which process data through binary code and are classified by size, cost, application, and power. Examples given are supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. 3) Hybrid computers, which combine analog and digital components with the digital controlling logic and analog solving equations.

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24 views6 pages

Types of Computer

This document discusses the three main types of computers: 1) Analog computers, which process numeric data representing physical quantities with continuous displays and are used for process control. 2) Digital computers, which process data through binary code and are classified by size, cost, application, and power. Examples given are supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. 3) Hybrid computers, which combine analog and digital components with the digital controlling logic and analog solving equations.

Uploaded by

Op Jod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter-1

Types of
Computers

Introduction
A computer is a remarkable invention that has evolved
significantly in functions, memory space, size, and portability.
Its ability to store and process vast amounts of information
makes it an extraordinary machine for various tasks and gadget
creation. Computers are divided into three groups based on
their computing techniques. These advancements have made
computers indispensable in various fields, making them
indispensable tools for various tasks. and gadget creation.These
are:
a.Analog Computer
b.Digital Computer
c.Hybrid Computer

Analog Computer
Analog, derived from the Greek word “similar,”
refers to numeric values with a continuous range.
Analog computers work on numerical data
representing physical or electrical quantities, with
continuous displays and graphs. They are specific to
specific tasks and are used for process control in
industries. Although faster due to parallel
calculations, their accuracy is poor compared to
digital computers.
Examples:
Digital Computer
Digital computers process numerical data through
binary code, performing mathematical operations
like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division. They analyze, control, and simulate
dynamic systems like global weather patterns.
Classified by size, cost, application areas, and
computing power.They are as follows:
a.Supercomputers
b.Mainframe computers
c.Minicomputers
d.Microcomputers
Supercomputer
Supercomputers are powerful, expensive computers
capable of processing large amounts of information.
With large memory and high processing speed, they
can process billion operations per second. National
resources, they are used for number crunching,
scientific simulations, graphics, geological data
analysis, structural analysis, computational fluid
dynamics, physics, chemistry, electronic design,
nuclear energy research, and meteorology.

Mainframe computer
Mainframe computers are high-performance, air-
conditioned machines used in banks, government
departments, and large companies for large-scale
computing. They are powerful, with large backing
storage, and can support multiple terminals
concurrently. In Nepal, IBM-1401 and ICL 2950/10
were used for the population census in 2028 and
2038 B.S.

Minicomputer
Minicomputers are small, multi-user computers with
similar features and capabilities as large systems,
primarily designed for business applications and
services. They are mid-range servers, supporting
mid-sized software applications and multiple users
simultaneously. Examples include the AS/400,
PRIME series, AP-3, Olivetti’s Audit, and Interdata
8/32.

Micro computer
A microcomputer is a low-cost, general-purpose
computer with a single-chip microprocessor,
typically connected to a keyboard and a display unit.
It is used in offices, homes, and workstations, and
has two popular sub-categories of microcomputer
are:

Desktop Computers
Desktop computers are designed for desk comfort,
with a monitor on top, and are broad and low, with
limited internal storage.

Portable Computers
Portable computers are microcomputers designed
for mobility, often referred to as lunchboxes,
workstations, or PCs due to their small size and
display.They are available in two
forms,namely,laptops and palmtops.

i.Laptop
A laptop is a portable, rechargeable computer that
can be used anytime, anywhere, especially when
traveling.
ii.Palmtop
A palmtop computer is a small device that fits on
the hand, uses a stylus for input, and stores
programs and data on small cards. It is primarily
used for personal organization and note-taking, and
can be attached to mobile phones.

Hybrid Computer
Hybrid computers combine analog and digital
components, with the digital component controlling
logical operations and the analog component
solving differential equations. Examples include the
HRS-100 in the 1970s, used in medical fields to
reduce data processing time. A hybrid laptop-tablet
combination allows users to use a laptop and a
tablet simultaneously.

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