CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Establishing and keeping a healthy way of life is a goal

that is very vital in our daily lives. Families as well as

schools have an essential role in promoting awareness among young

individuals (students and pupils) emphasizing the necessity to

exercise bodily activities as an essential component for

accomplishing that objective.

Along with biological characteristics and the environment,

lifestyle plays an important role in a person's health. According

to the World Health Organization, "health" is "the condition of

complete mental, social, and physical well-being, rather than

just an absence of illness or impairment" (apud Răşcanu, 2010).

Nutritional habits, physical activity, food security, and

household dietary services are all important elements in a

society's health. Certain behaviors formed in childhood remain

frequently unchanged in adulthood, resulting in major health

effects. That is why parents and guardians should guide their

children in promoting proper lifestyle.

In San Roque, Peñablanca, regarding dietary and food

lifestyle, they look quite dynamically, and the people there

often have a callous attitude towards them, as young people are

frequently oblivious of the implications of what they are doing.

Parents are the individuals in charge of meal preparation, and

they have a direct influence on decisions when it comes to

selecting the correct food and family dietary services. They

serve as significant socializing agents and examples in their

children's life.

The aim of this research is to assess the parents' and

guardians' dietary habits, food security, and household dietary

services in San Roque, Peñablanca, Cagayan. These respondents'

nuanced understanding of healthy and unhealthy behaviors and food

preference serves as the foundation for assessing their knowledge

and health status. When studying the habits of this group of

respondents, it is possible to evaluate its individual's food and

health lifestyle in these three domains mentioned, identify areas

in which they are inadequate, and begin appropriate

nutritional programs resulting in younger individuals

understanding the value that healthy habits are and how much they

contribute to their future, which leads to increased

responsibility for nutrition decisions made by them, leading to a

long life.
 Research Paradigm

This will be useful as a guide for the researchers in

carrying out their research study. This includes the Input,

Process, Output, and Feedback, which will help and guide them

throughout the entire procedure.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Profile of the Data will be gathered

respondents in terms through the use of
of: the following:
1.1. Age 1. Floating of
1.2. Sex questionnaires

1.3. Civil 2. Assessing the Assessed dietary

Status following variables habits, food
in terms of the three security, and
1.4. Monthly dimensions
Combined Income household dietary
3. Data will be services of the
1.5. Highest respondents in San
dissected using
Educational Roque, Peñablanca
Attainment Quantitative
Analysis
1.6. Occupation
Plan or action can be
2.Assessment of the proposed of the
variables relative to eating habits of the
respondents
the following
dimensions:
2.1. Dietary Habits
2.2. Food Security
2.3. Household
Dietary Services

FEEDBACK

Figure 1. Showing the variables of the study.

 The input includes the profile variables of the respondents

such as Age, Sex, Civil Status, Monthly Combined Income, Highest

Educational Attainment, and Occupation. Assessing the profile

variables of the respondents and the three dimensions that

includes Dietary Habits, Food Security, and Household Dietary

Services. Further, it includes knowing relationship of the three

variables.

The process on the other hand includes gathering data such

as floating of questionnaires, fair deliberation from

respondents, data collection and data would be dissected using

Quantitative Analysis.

The output will reveal the assessed dietary habits, food

security, and household dietary services of the respondents in

San Roque, Peñablanca and plan or action can be proposed of the

eating habits of the respondents.

Theoretical framework

This study is founded on the Theory of T. Furst et al.

(1996) developed the Food Choice Process Model, a grounded theory

model that depicts various factors and processes that shape a

person's ideas, feelings, and actions connected to food and

eating. A person creates a personal food system as well as the

influences and the individual's life course based on life course

events and experiences and in the context of many different sorts

of influences.

The life path, which encompassed past effects of personal

experiences and historical eras, current engagement in trends and

transitions, and anticipations of future occurrences, was a

fundamental and universal aspect that formed the foundation for

eating choices. Several participants mentioned how their growing

up as people from a particular community during a specific

historical period, and as members in a family's life course,

influenced how they made dietary choices.

The sensory, physiological, and psychological factors that

underpin emotional influences on food choice are discussed. Both

emotions and moods are taken into account. Eating a meal will

consistently modify mood and emotional disposition, often

decreasing arousal and irritability while increasing relaxation

and pleasant influence. However, this is contingent on the meal

size and components being consistent with the eater's habit,

anticipation, and needs (Gibson, 2006).

Statement of the problem

The study aims to assess the dietary habits, food security,

and household dietary services of parents and guardians in San

Roque, Penablanca, Cagayan.

1. Respondents profile in terms of:

1.1. Age

1.2. Sex

1.3. Civil Status

1.4. Monthly Combined Income

1.5. Highest Educational Attainment

1.6. Occupation

2. What were the assessment of the following variables in terms

of:

2.1. Dietary Habits

2.2. Food Security

2.3. Household Dietary Services

3. Is there a significant difference among the Dietary Habits,

Food Security, and Household Dietary Services of the respondents?

4. How do the 3 variables relate to each other?

5. What plan or action can be proposed of the eating habits of

the respondents?

Hypothesis

This study will be guided by the hypothesis that:

There is no significant difference among the dietary habits,

food Security, and household dietary Services of the respondents.

Significance of the study

The study is beneficial for the following:

The Parents. The results of this research would serve as

evidence of their family's well-being. As a result of this, they

may be able to enhance dietary habits, food security, and

household dietary services in a variety of ways.

The Children. This could serve as a starting point for

thinking about how to maintain the most suitable eating habits

and lifestyle despite any unforeseen circumstances in their

family.

Barangay Officials of San Roque, Peñablanca. Responsible

officials may use the findings and recommendations of the study

to determine what kinds of assistance they could offer for

improving the well-being of families living in their barangay,

which is a factor in their enhanced quality of life.

 Researchers. The researchers will be able get to know more

about San Roque, Peñablanca, Cagayan's dietary habits, food

security, and household dietary services. Indeed, this research

will most likely be the principal source of information that

parents and guardians will look for in the future.

Future Researchers. They may employ the study's results in

future research comparable to the present one. This will be used

as a guide to expand the research in relation to the variables

considered.

Scope and Delimitations

This study will solely focus into parents' and guardians'

dietary habits, food security, and household dietary services in

San Roque, Peablanca, Cagayan. The respondents' age, sex, civil

status, monthly combined income, highest educational attainment,

and occupation will also be included in this study. The

respondents were chosen using a simple random sampling technique.

The study included a total of one hundred (100) respondents. A

questionnaire was used to collect the data for this study.

Definition of terms

To better grasp words or phrases operationally and

completely understand the topics in the study, the researcher

will define the following:

 Dietary Habits. A routine involving the frequent consumption

of specific types of food; the regular eating choices one makes,

such as food selections, quantity of food ingested, how often one

is eating, and so on.

Eating Habits. This refers to the parents' and guardians'

regular eating habits and dietary preferences.

Food Security. This refers to person's ability to obtain

nutritious and sufficient nourishment.

Healthy Food Preference. This word refers to foods that

provide adequate nutrients to the body, such as vegetables,

fruits, amino acids, and carbohydrates.

Household Dietary Services. This relates to selecting foods

for consumption based on personal and household preferences and

resources that are accessible.

Unhealthy Food Preference. This word refers to foods that

fail to supply adequate nutrients to the body, such as junk

foods, fizzy beverages, and processed food products.