School Novaliches High School Grade Level Grade 10

Teacher Aubrey Elaine M. Magpusao Learning Area Mathematics

Time & Dates March 14, 2023 Quarter 3rd

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of
combinatorics and probability.
B. Performance Standards The learner is able to use precise counting technique and
probability in formulating conclusions and making decisions.
C. Learning Differentiates permutation from combination of n objects
Competencies/Objectives taken r at a time. (M10SP-IIIc-2)

II. CONTENT At the end of the period, the learners are able to:
a. identify the value of n and r in problems involving
combination;
b. evaluate combinations using combination notation and
combination formula; and
c. appreciate the use of combination notation to solve
counting problems in real-life.
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References  Mathematics Learning Module for Grade 10
 Mathematics for Grade 10 A Spiral Approach
Explanation, Examples, Exercises
 Conceptual Math & Beyond 10

IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing previous lesson or Identify which situations illustrate permutation and which
presenting the new lesson
illustrate combination. Write P if it is a permutation and C if it
is a combination.
1. Forming lines from 7 given points with no three points
are collinear. C
2. Picking a leader and 2 assistant leaders from a group of
10. P
3. List the different teams of 2 that can be chosen from the
squad of 5 players named Ana, Bea, Carl, Dan, and
Earl. C
4. Arrangement of 8 people at a round table. P
5. Number of 4 different digits that can be formed from 6
different digits. P

B. Establishing a purpose for the Consider the letters from the word MATH. How many three-
lesson letter combinations can be formed?  If order of the letters is
important, then we have the following possible
arrangements:  
The number of different arrangements of 4 letters taken 3 at a
time is shown by the Permutation notation,  

4!
P ( 4,3 ) =
( 4−3 ) !
¿ 24
There are 24 three-letter arrangements. But in combination,
the arrangement is not important. Looking at each column,
there are 6 arrangements with the same letters and each
column is considered as one combination. These groups are
(M, A, T), (A, T, H), (M, T, H), (M, A, H). So, there are 4
possible combinations.
The number of combinations that may be formed from n
objects taken r at a time is denoted by the following notations
and read as, the combination of n taken r at a time:

n Cr C (n , r ) C (nr )
Note that there are 4 letters (M, A, T, H) n=4
There are 3 selected letters at a time r=3
Thus, the combination of 4 letters taken 3 at a time is denoted
by,

4 C3 or C ( 4,3 ) or C (43 )
To compute n Cr , use the formula:
 n!
n Cr =
r ! ( n−r ) !

C. Presenting Example 1:
examples/instances of the new
Ten finalists are to be chosen from 30 contestants in a math
lesson
interschool competition. In how many ways can the 10
finalists be proclaimed?
Solution:
If n = 30 contestants and r = 10 contestants at a time then,

30 C 10

Example 2:
How many lines can be formed from 12 distinct points if no
three points are collinear?
Solution:
If n = 12 points and r = 2 points (to determine a line) then,

12 C2

D. Discussing New Concepts Example 3:

A photography club is made up of 8 boys and 6 girls. A
committee of 7 has to be formed for the documentation of the
World Teachers’ Day program. In how many ways this can be
done if the committee consists of:
a. 4 boys and 3 girls

For boys, For girls,

The number of groups The number of 3 girls

of 4 boys that can be that can be formed
formed from 8 boys is from 6 girls is .
8 C 4.

Using the fundamental principle of counting since the two

events must occur at the same time, we have
8 C 4∙ 6C3 or C (8 , 4) ∙C (6 , 3)
Solution:

For boys, For girls,

n=8 n=6
r =4 r =3

n! n!
n Cr = n C r=
r ! ( n−1 ) ! r ! ( n−1 ) !

8! 6!
8 C 4= 6 C3 =
4 ! ( 8−4 ) ! 3 ! ( 6−3 ) !

8! 6!
8 C 4= 6 C3 =
4! 4! 3 !3 !

8.7 .6 .5 .4 ! 6.5 .4 .3 !
8 C 4= 6 C3 =
(4.3.2 .1)4 ! (3.2.1)3 !

1680 120
8 C 4= 6 C3 =
24 6

8 C 4=¿ 70 6 C3 =¿ 20

8 C 4 ∙ 6 C 3= (70 )( 20 ) =1400

b. At least 5 girls?

Since at least 5 girls are to be there in every committee, the

committee can consist of 5 girls and 2 boys or 6 girls and 1
boy.

5 girls and 2 boys can be 6 girls and 1 boy can be

formed in ways formed in ways

Now, either the two ways can satisfy the condition, we add
the number of ways in those events, hence

6 C 5 ∙ 8 C 2+ 6 C 6 ∙ 8 C 1
You may also write the notation as
C (6,5)∙ C(8,2)+C (6,6)∙ C (8,1)

Solution:

C ( 6,5 ) ∙ C ( 8,2 )= ( 56!1! ! )( 28!6! ! )

C ( 6,5 ) ∙ C ( 8,2 )=( 6 )( 28 )

C ( 6,5 ) ∙ C ( 8,2 )=168

C ( 6,6 ) ∙ C ( 8,1 )= ( 66! 0! ! )( 18!! 7 ! )

C ( 6,6 ) ∙ C ( 8,1 )=( 1 ) ( 8 )

C ( 6,6 ) ∙ C ( 8,1 )=8

C ( 6,5 ) ∙ C ( 8,2 ) +C ( 6,6 ) ∙ C ( 8,1 )=168+8=176

c. At most 2 girls?

In at most 2 girls means that girls are less than or equal to 2.

The committee can consist of

2 girls and 5 boys that 1 girl and 6 boys that

can be formed in ) ways can be formed in ) ways

No girl and 7 boys that

can be formed in ways

Either of these ways can satisfy the condition, therefore, the number
of ways is the sum of those events. Thus,
6 C 2 ∙ 8 C 5+ 6 C 1 ∙ 8 C 6 + 6 C0 ∙ 8 C 7

You may also write the combination notation as,

C (6,2)∙ C(8,5)+C (6,1)∙ C(8,6)+C (6,0)∙ C (8,7)
 Solution:

6 C 2 ∙ 8 C 5=( 26! 4! ! )( 58!3!! )

6 C2 ∙ 8 C 5=( 15 ) (56 )

6 C2 ∙ 8 C 5=840

6 C 1 ∙ 8 C 6=( 16! 5!! )( 68!! 2 ! )

6 C1 ∙ 8 C 6=( 6 ) (28)

6 C1 ∙ 8 C 6=168

6 C 0 ∙ 8 C 7= ( 0!66! ! )( 78!1!! )
6 C0 ∙ 8 C 7=(1)(8)

6 C0 ∙ 8 C 7=8

6 C2 ∙ 8 C 5+ 6 C 1 ∙ 8 C 6 + 6 C0 ∙ 8 C 7=840+168+ 8

6 C2 ∙ 8 C 5+ 6 C 1 ∙ 8 C 6 + 6 C0 ∙ 8 C 7=1016

E. Developing Mastery Identify the value of n and r in the following problems

involving combination.
1. There are 25 students qualified to join the dance
contest. In how many ways can 15 students be
selected to join the contest. n=25 r =15
2. In a certain barangay, the Barangay Captain would
like to conduct a seminar on drug addiction. He plans
to create a committee for registration. In how many
 ways can a committee of 5 be formed from his 14
constituents? n=14 r =5
3. From a class with 45 students, 9 students will be
chosen to join the Math Fair. In how many ways can
the students be chosen? n=45 r =9
4. How many triangles can be formed from 11 distinct
points on the plane, no three points of which are
collinear? n=11 r =3
5. In a gathering, the host makes sure that each guest
shakes hands with everyone else. If there are 30
guests, how many handshakes will be done? n=30
r =30
F. Generalization  How can we denote the number of combinations that
may be formed from n objects taken r at a time?
 What is the formula we use to solve problems
involving combinations?

In real-life situation, we can apply the concept of Combination

Notation. An example of situation is when we need to
compute probabilities, we can use combination notation for
statistics applications.

G. Evaluating Learning Solve for the following given problems.

1. There are 25 students qualified to join the dance
contest. In how many ways can 15 students be
selected to join the contest.
2. In a certain barangay, the Barangay Captain would
like to conduct a seminar on drug addiction. He plans
to create a committee for registration. In how many
ways can a committee of 5 be formed from his 14
constituents?
3. From a class with 45 students, 9 students will be
chosen to join the Math Fair. In how many ways can
the students be chosen?
4. How many triangles can be formed from 11 distinct
 points on the plane, no three points of which are
collinear?
5. In a gathering, the host makes sure that each guest
shakes hands with everyone else. If there are 30
guests, how many handshakes will be done?

H. Discussion of results
V. Assignment Write the following problems in combination notation and
solve.
1. If a student is to answer any six problems on a test
consisting of nine problems, in how many different
ways can the student select the six problems?
2. From 6 Algebra books and 8 Trigonometry books, in
how many ways can Shiela selects 3 Algebra and 3
Trigonometry books to buy if all the said books are
equally necessary?
3. Miguel is auditioning in one of the prestigious singing
contests on television. If he is required to sing any
three of the eight prepared songs, in how many ways
can he make his choice?
4. A dance club needs 3 new members. If there are 5
males and 9 females’ applicants, in how many ways
can they be selected if the new members consist of at
least 2 females?
5. How many triangles can be formed by joining 15
points on the plane, in which no line joining any three
points?

Prepared by:

AUBREY ELAINE M. MAGPUSAO

Pre-service Teacher
Checked by:

MRS. MA. CRISTINA A. BALZA

Cooperating Teacher

MR. ANTHONY C. BETCO

Master Teacher I

Noted by:

MR. ROMEL T. FRANCISCO

Head Teacher VI, Mathematics