GMAT 语法 笔记区

SECTION 20 a time during which travel

25 Minutes 22 Questions usually decreases and the
industry uses some lower fares
1. The black hole has entered the popular imagination as for the attraction of
an object too massive that neither light nor matter can passengers.
escape its gravitational pull.
(A) during which travel usually
(A) too massive that neither light nor matter can escape itsdecreases and the
(B) too massive for either allowing light or matter to industry uses some lower
escape its fares for the
(C) massive enough that either light or matter cannot attraction of
escape their (B) during which travel usually
(D) so massive that neither light nor matter could decreases and
escape their therefore the industry will use
(E) so massive that neither light nor matter can escape its some lower
fares for the attraction of
2. After crude oil, natural gas is the United States second (C) in which travel usually
biggest fuel source and supplied almost exclusively decreases and in which the
from reserves in North America. industry therefore uses some
lower fares attracting
(A)After crude oil, natural gas is the United States (D) when travel usually
second biggest fuel source and supplied almost decreases and the industry
exclusively from reserves in North America. uses some lower fares to
(B) Natural gas, after crude oil the United States second attract
biggest fuel source, supplied almost exclusively (E) when travel usually
from reserves in North America. decreases and therefore
(C)Being supplied almost exclusively from reserves in the industry will use lower fares
North America, natural gas, the United States for the attraction of
second biggest fuel source after crude oil.
(D) Natural gas, the United States’ second biggest fuel
source after crude oil, is supplied almost
exclusively from reserves in North America.
(E) Natural gas is supplied almost exclusively from
reserves in North America, being the United States’
second biggest fuel source after crude oil.

3. The airline industry is cutting its lowest discount

fares more widely, more substantially, and earlier this
year than it normally does at the end of the summer,

119
GMAT 语法 笔记区

4. The aristocratic values

expressed in the writings of
Marguerite Yourcenar place her
within the French
classical tradition, as does her
passionate interest in
history, particularly Roman
history.

(A) as does
(B) so do
(C) as do
(D) so is the case with
(E) similarly, does

5. Selling several hundred

thousand copies in six months,
the publication of “Maple Leaf
Rag” in 1899 was an
instant hit, helping to establish
Scott Joplin as the
preeminent ragtime composer.

(A) Selling several hundred

thousand copies in six
months, the publication of
“Maple Leaf Rag”
in 1899 was an instant hit,
helping to establish
Scott Joplin as the preeminent
ragtime
composer.
(B) The publication in 1899 of
“Maple Leaf Rag”
was an instant hit: in six
months they sold
several hundred thousand
copies and it helped
establish Scott Joplin as the

120
GMAT 语法 笔记区

preeminent ragtime
composer.
(C)) Helping to establish Scott Joplin as the preemi-
nent ragtime composer was the publication of
“Maple Leaf Rag” in 1899, which was an
instant hit: it sold several hundred thousand
copies in six months.
(D) “Maple Leaf Rag” was an instant hit: it helped
establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime
composer, published in 1899 and selling sev-
eral hundred thousand copies in six months.
(E) Published in 1899, “Maple Leaf Rag” was an
instant hit, selling several hundred thousand
copies in six months: it helped establish Scott
Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer.

6. Because paper of all kinds is the biggest single

component of municipal trash, many municipalities
have tried recycling to reduce the cost of trash
disposal.

(A) Because paper of all kinds is the biggest single

component of municipal trash, many munici-
palities have tried recycling to reduce the cost
of trash disposal.
(B) Because paper of all kinds is the biggest single
component in municipal trash, many munici-
palities tried to recycle so that the cost of trash
disposal is rduced.

121
GMAT 语法 笔记区

(C) Because paper of all kinds are the biggest single headache, afflicts perhaps 18
components in municipal trash, many munici- million Americans, who
palities have tried to recycle to reduce the cost collectively lose 64 million
of trash disposal. workdays a year, and
(D) All kinds of paper are the biggest single compo- they cost the nation $50 billion
nents of municipal trash, and so many munici- in medical expenses
palities have tried recycling to reduce the cost and lost work time.
of trash disposal.
(E) All kinds of paper is the biggest single compo- (A) year, and they cost the
nent of municipal trash, so many municipalities nation $50 billion in
have tried to recycle so that the cost of trash medical expenses and lost
disposal could be reduced. (B) year and thus cost the nation
$50 billion in
7. As rare as something becomes, be it a baseball card medical expenses and lost
or a musical recording or a postage stamp, the more (C) year, so as to cost the nation
avidly it is sought by collectors . $50 billion in
medical expenses and lost
(A) As rare as something becomes, be it (D) year that costs the nation
(B) As rare as something becomes, whether it is $50 billion in lost
(C) As something becomes rarer and rarer, like medical expenses and
(D) The rarer something becomes, like (E) year, which thus cost the
(E) The rarer something becomes, whether it is nation $50 billion in
lost medical expenses and
8. Psychologists now contend that the way adults think
and feel are determined as much by their peers in
early childhood than by their parents.

(A) are determined as much by their peers in early

childhood than by their
(B) are determined as much by peers in early
childhood as do their
(C) is determined as much by their early childhood
peers as by their
(D) have been determined by childhood peers as
much as their
(E) was determined as much by one’s peers in
childhood as by one’s

9. Migraine, the most debilitating common form of

122
GMAT 语法 笔记区

10. Like many others of his

generation of Native
American leaders, Joseph Brant
lived in two worlds;
born into an Iroquois
community and instructed in
traditional Iroquois ways, he
also received an educa-
tion from English-speaking
teachers.

(A) Like many others of his

generation of Native
American leaders, Joseph
Brant lived in two
worlds;
(B) Like many others of his
generation of Native
American leaders, living in
two worlds, Joseph
Brant was
(C) Like many another of his
generation of Native
American leaders, Joseph
Brant, living in two
worlds, was
(D) As with many others of his
generation of Native
American leaders, living in
two worlds, Joseph
Brant was
(E) As with many another of his
generation of
Native American leaders,
Joseph Brant lived in
two worlds;

11. Sales of United States

manufactured goods to nonin-

123
GMAT 语法 笔记区

dustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992,

which is 14 percent more than the previous year and
largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan.

(A) which is 14 percent more than the previous year

(B) which is 14 percent higher than it was the pre-
vious year
(C) 14 percent higher than the previous year’s figure
(D) an amount that is 14 percent more than the pre-
vious year was
(E) an amount that is 14 percent higher than the pre-
vious year’s figure

12.All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach

many previously inaccessible areas, but they have
also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths,
injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the
nation’s recreational areas.

(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously

damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious
damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as
seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as
doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do
serious damage to

124
GMAT 语法 笔记区

13. Foreign investors, because of their growing confi- 2,900-mile-long Congo River.
dence in their capability for making profitable
investments in the United States, have been led to (A) If the new airboat does what
move from passive involvement in commercial real it is to be doing
estate partnerships to active development of their own (B) If the new airboat does what
increasingly ambitious projects. it is supposed to do
(C) If it does as the new airboat
(A) Foreign investors, because of their growing con- is supposed to do
fidence in their capability for making profitable (D) Doing what it is the new
investments in the United States, have been led airboat is supposed
(B) Foreign investors, growing confident about their to do
capability for making profitable investments in (E) Doing what the new airboat
the United States, has led them is to be doing
(C) Growing confidence in their ability to make
profitable investments in the United States has
led foreign investors
(D) Growing confidence in their ability for making
profitable investments in the United States
have led foreign investors
(E) Growing confident about their capabilities for
making profitable investments in the United
States, foreign investors have been led

14. Local residents claim that San Antonio, Texas, has

more good Mexican American restaurants than any
city does in the United States.

(A) any city does

(B) does any other city
(C) other cities do
(D) any city
(E) other cities

15. If the new airboat does what it is to be doing—

travel at high speeds undeterred by sandbars,
crocodile-infested mudflats, or marshy hippo
haunts—it could revolutionize transport on the

125
GMAT 语法 笔记区

16. The company is negotiating to

sell its profitable
credit card subsidiary, which it
plans to use money
from to acquire some of the
mortgage-servicing
operations that are being sold
by troubled savings
institutions.

(A) subsidiary, which it plans to

use money from
(B) subsidiary, from which it
plans to use money
(C) subsidiary, and it plans the
use of money from that
(D) subsidiary and plans to use
money from that sale
(E) subsidiary and plans the use
of money from that sale

17. In the 1980’s the rate of

increase of the minority
population of the United States
was nearly twice as
fast as the 1970’s.

(A) twice as fast as

(B) twice as fast as it was in
(C) twice what it was in
(D) two times faster than that of
(E) two times greater than

18. The figure of the jaguar, being

a recurring symbol
within Olmec art, is prominent
among the hiero-
glyphics inscribed on a
monument that was dis-

126
GMAT 语法 笔记区

covered in the Mexican state of Veracruz.

(A) being a recurring symbol within

(B) a symbol having recurred within
(C) a recurring symbol in
(D) having been a symbol that recurred in
(E) recurring as it is, a symbol in

19. As the etched lines on computer memory chips have

become thinner and the chips’ circuits more complex,
both the power of the chips and the electronic devices
they drive have vastly increased.

(A) the chips’ circuits more complex, both the power

of the chips and the electronic devices they
drive have
(B) the chips’ circuits more complex, the power of
both the chips and the electronic devices they
drive has
(C) the chips’ circuits are more complex, both the
power of the chips and the electronic devices
they drive has
(D) their circuits are more complex, the power of
both the chips and the electronic devices they
drive have
(E) their circuits more complex, both the power of
the chips and the electronic devices they drive
have

127
GMAT 语法 笔记区

20. Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits

to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they 22. Unlike other arachnids, which
sometimes lose money when there is a rise in have their nerve cells
short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are evenly distributed along their
unable to raise the rates on their mortgages. bodies, the scorpion’s
nerve cells are clustered in its
(A) when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on head, like a mammal’s.
the other hand, they are unable to raise
(B) when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise (A) bodies, the scorpion’s nerve
(C) when a rise in short-term rates occurs and, cells are clustered in
correspondingly, there is no rise possible in its head, like a mammal’s
(D) with a rise in short-term rates, and they are (B) bodies, the scorpion’s head
unable to raise had a cluster of nerve
(E) with short-term rates on the rise and no rise cells, as a mammal does
possible in (C) body, the scorpions has a
cluster of nerve cells in its
21. St. John’s, Newfoundland, lies on the same latitude head, as a mammal does
as Paris, France, but in spring St. John’s residents are (D) body, nerve cells are
less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes than to be clustered in the scorpion’s
bracing themselves against arctic chills, shoveling head, like a mammal’s
snow, or seeking shelter from a raging northeast (E) body, a cluster of nerve cells
storm. is in the scorpion’s
head, like a mammal’s
(A) residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor
cafes than to be bracing themselves against
arctic chills, shoveling snow, or seeking
(B) residents are less likely to sit at outdoor cafes,
and more to brace themselves against arctic
chills, shovel snow, or be seeking
(C) residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor
cafes, and more likely to be bracing themselves
against arctic chills, shoveling snow, or to be
seeking
(D) residents, instead of their sitting at outdoor
cafes, they are more likely to brace themselves
against arctic chills, shovel snow, or seek
(E) residents, instead of sitting at outdoor cafes, are
more likely to brace themselves against arctic
chills, shovel snow, or to be seeking

128
GMAT 语法 笔记区

SENTENCE CORRECTION
TEST SECTION 21
25 Minutes 22 Questions

1. Most energy analysts now

agree that the costs of
building and maintaining nuclear
reactors are too high
for nuclear power to likely prove
cheaper than coal or
oil in the long run.

(A) too high for nuclear power

to likely
(B) high enough for nuclear
power to be unlikely to
(C) high enough that it is
unlikely nuclear power will
(D) so high that nuclear power is
unlikely to
(E) so high as to be unlikely that
nuclear power will

2. New Jersey’s is one of the five

highest number of
reported cases of Lyme disease
in the United States.

(A) New Jersey’s is one of the

five highest number
of reported
(B) New Jersey’s is one of the
five highest numbers
in reporting
(C) New Jersey has a report of
one of the five highest
numbers of
(D) New Jersey has one of the
five highest numbers

129
GMAT 语法 笔记区

of reported
(E) New Jersey reports one of the five highest number of

3. According to a ruling by the state supreme court, the

owner of polluted land is liable for the cleanup of the
property even if the owner did not have the responsi-
bility that pollution occurred before the title changed
hands.

(A) the owner did not have the responsibility that

pollution
(B) the owner is not responsible for pollution that
(C) it was not the owner’s responsibility that pollution
would have
(D) the responsibility of the owner is not that pollution
(E) the responsibility was not the owner’s that pollu-
tion would have

4. Scientists have suggested that once every 10 million

years or so a truly colossal object from space cuts
through the atmosphere and slams into Earth, sending
up a global pall of dust that blots out the Sun, alters
the climate, and changes the course of evolution by
killing off many plant and animal species.

(A) sending up a global pall of dust that blots

(B) thus sending up a global pall of dust to blot
(C) thereby sending up a global pall of dust to blot
(D) and that sends up a global pall of dust, blotting
(E) which sends up a global pall of dust, blots

130
GMAT 语法 笔记区

5. By the mid-seventeenth century, Amsterdam had built fall often live longer than six
a new town hall so large that only St. Peter’s in Rome, months.
the Escorial in Spain, and the Palazza Ducale in Venice
could rival it for scale or magnificence. (A) weeks, but those that emerge
in the cooler days
(A) could rival it for of fall often live
(B) were the rivals of it in their (B) weeks, but those that emerge
(C) were its rival as to in the cooler days
(D) could be its rivals in their of fall often live as long or
(E) were rivaling its (C) weeks, which is different
from those that emerge
6. The Audubon Society and other conservation groups, in the cooler days of fall and
concerned over what they have perceived to be the often live
serious threatening of the environment as posed by (D) weeks; then those that
the policies of the government, are preparing for a emerge in the cooler days
major political effort. of fall often live as long as or
(E) weeks; this is different from
(A) have perceived to be the serious threatening of those that emerge
the environment as in the cooler days of fall, who
(B) perceived as the serious threat to the environ- often live
ment as
(C) perceive being the serious threat to the environ-
ment
(D) are perceiving as the serious threatening of the
environment
(E) perceive as the serious threat to the environment

7. At a time when it was unusual to do it, Dorothy

Sterling wrote about such major figures of Black
history as Harriet Tubman and W. E. B. Du. Bois.

(A) it was unusual to do it

(B) it was unusual to do so
(C) doing that was unusual
(D) that was an unusual thing to be doing
(E) it was not usual to do

8. Houseflies that hatch in summer live only about three

weeks, but those that emerge in the cooler days of

131
GMAT 语法 笔记区

9. The auto industry has

experienced one of its most
significant trends in the last 50
years, which is the
migration of motorists from
passenger cars to
minivans, sport utility vehicles,
and pickups.

(A) The auto industry has

experienced one of its
most significant trends in the
last 50 years,
which is
(B) Of the trends the auto
industry experienced in
the last 50 years has been one
of the most
significant.
(C) In the last 50 years, one of
the most significant
trends that the auto industry
has been experi-
encing has been
(D) One of the most significant
trends that the auto
industry has experienced in
the last 50 years is
(E) In the last 50 years, the auto
industry experienced
one of the most significant
trends that it has
had, that of

10. The animosity between those

who regulate and those
who are regulated, never more
pronounced than in
recent debates over

132
GMAT 语法 笔记区

environmentalism and pollution

control.

(A) The animosity between those who regulate and

those who are regulated, never
(B) The animosity between those who regulate and
those who are regulated, never being
(C) The animosity between those who regulate and
those who are regulated has never been
(D) Between those who regulate and those who are
regulated, such animosity was never
(E) Between those who regulate and between those
regulated, such animosity has never been

11. Some psychiatric studies indicate that among distin-

guished artists the rates of manic depression and major
depression are ten to thirteen times as prevalent as in
the population at large.

(A) the rates of manic depression and major depres-

sion are ten to thirteen times as prevalent as in
(B) the rates of manic depression and major depres-
sion are ten to thirteen times more prevalent
than in
(C) the rates of manic depression and major depres-
sion are ten to thirteen times more prevalent
when compared to
(D) manic depression and major depression are ten to
thirteen times as prevalent when compared to
(E) manic depression and major depression are ten
to thirteen times more prevalent than in

133
GMAT 语法 笔记区

12. Until quite recently, American presidents lived in a (A) and also shortens the
world in which the public and private realms of their advance-purchase require-
lives were largely separate, and the press cooperated ment for family travel to a
in maintaining the distinction, and Americans judged minimum of seven
national leaders without receiving, or expecting, days rather than
intimate information about them. (B) and also lessens the
advance-purchase
(A) and the press cooperated in maintaining the requirement for family travel
distinction, and to a seven-day
(B) where the press cooperated in maintaining the minimum from
distinction, and where (C) also shortens the advance-
(C) for the press cooperated to maintain the purchase requirement
distinction and for family travel to a
(D) the press cooperated to maintain the distinction, for minimum of seven days
(E) in which the press cooperated in maintaining the rather than that of
distinction, and in which (D) also lessens the advance-
purchase requirement
13. On the Great Plains, nineteenth-century settlers used for family travel to a seven-
mud and grass to build their homes, doing it without day minimum from
timber and nails. (E) also shortens the advance-
purchase requirement
(A) settlers used mud and grass to build their homes, for family travel to a
doing it without minimum of seven days
(B) settlers used mud and grass to build their rather than
homes, did it without
(C) settlers used mud and grass to build their homes,
making them while not having
(D) settlers used mud and grass to build their homes,
making do without
(E) settlers’ homes were built of mud and grass,
making do without

14.Intended primarily to stimulate family summer travel,

the new airfare, which allows both an adult and a
child to fly for the price of one ticket, and also
shortens the advance-purchase requirement for family
travel to a minimum of seven days rather than
fourteen.

134
GMAT 语法 笔记区

15. People have discovered the

principles of solar energy
whenever fuel becomes scarce
and expensive but will
forget them every time a new
source of cheap energy
is developed.

(A) have discovered the

principles of solar energy
whenever fuel becomes scarce
and expensive
but will forget
(B) have discovered the
principles of solar energy
whenever fuel has become
scarce and expen-
sive but they forget
(C) discovered the principles of
solar energy every
time fuel becomes scarce and
expensive,
forgetting
(D) discover the principles of
solar energy every
time fuel became scarce and
expensive, but
they forget
(E) discover the principles of
solar energy whenever
fuel becomes scarce and
expensive but forget

16. New techniques in thermal-

scanning photography, a
process that records radiation
from surface areas,
makes it possible to study the
effects of calefaction,

135
GMAT 语法 笔记区

or warming, of a river in greater detail than ever

before.

(A) makes it possible to study the effects of calefac-

tion, or warming, of a river in greater detail
than ever before
(B) make it possible to study, in greater detail, the
effects of calefaction, or warming, of a river
than ever before
(C) have made it possible to study in greater detail
than ever before the effects of calefaction, or
warming, of a river
(D) make possible the study of the effects of calefac-
tion, or warming, of a river in greater detail
than it ever was before
(E) has made it more possible than ever before to
study in greater detail the effects of calefaction,
or warming, of a river

17. Bob Wilber became Sidney Bechet’s student and

protege when he was nineteen and, for a few years in
the 1940’s, came as close to being a carbon copy of
the jazz virtuoso in performance as anyone has ever
come.

(A) as anyone has ever come

(B) as anyone ever had been
(C) as anyone ever had done
(D) that anyone ever did
(E) that anyone ever came

136
GMAT 语法 笔记区

18. Despite its attractiveness, investing abroad can still only the concerns of its
pose big risks, ranging from the potential for political prospective clients
instability in some countries to the shortage of (B) the condominium
regulations to protect investors and a serious lack of corporation has only taken into
information about investments in others. account the concerns of their
prospective
(A) to the shortage of regulations to protect investors clients
and a serious lack of information about invest- (C) the condominium
ments in others corporation only took their
(B) to the shortage of regulations to protect investors prospective clients’ concerns
and in others a serious lack of information about into account
investments (D) the concerns of its
(C) and the shortage of regulations to protect investors prospective clients only were
and a serious lack of information about invest- taken into account by the
ments in others condominium
(D) and the shortage of regulations to protect investors corporation
to a serious lack of information about invest- (E) prospective clients had their
ments in others concerns only taken
(E) to the shortage of regulations to protect investors into account by the
in others and a serious lack of information about condominium corporation
investments

19. That the new managing editor rose from the publica-
tion’s “soft” news sections to a leadership position is
more of a landmark in the industry than her being a
woman.

(A) her being a woman

(B) being a woman is
(C) her womanhood
(D) that she was a woman
(E) that she is a woman

20. In the initial planning stages, the condominium

corporation took into account only the concerns of
its prospective clients, not those of surrounding
homeowners.

(A) the condominium corporation took into account

137
GMAT 语法 笔记区

21. Of all the wild animals in

their area, none was more
useful to the Delaware tribes
than the Virginia white-
tailed deer: it was a source of
meat, and its hide was
used for clothing, its antlers and
bones for tools, and
its sinews and gut for bindings
and glue.

(A) deer: it was a source of

meat, and its hide was
used for clothing, its antlers
and bones for
tools, and its sinews and gut
(B) deer: it was a source of
meat, and its hide used
for clothing, with its antlers
and bones for
tools, and its sinews and gut
used
(C) deer: which was a source of
meat, with its hide
used for clothing, antlers and
bones for tools,
as well as its sinews and gut
used
(D) deer: which, as well as
being a source of meat,
its hide was used for clothing,
its antlers and
bones for tools, and its
sinews and gut were
(E) deer: with, as well as being
a source of meat, its
hide used for clothing, its
antlers and bones for
tools, and its sinews and gut

138
GMAT 语法 笔记区

22. Unlike most warbler species, the male and female

blue-winged warbler are very difficult to tell apart.

(A) Unlike most warbler species, the male and

female blue-winged warbler are very difficult
to tell apart.
(B) Unlike most warbler species, the gender of the
blue-winged warbler is very difficult to
distinguish.
(C) Unlike those in most warbler species, the male
and female blue-winged warblers are very
difficult to distinguish.
(D) It is very difficult, unlike in most warbler species,
to tell the male and female blue-winged warbler
apart.
(E) Blue-winged warblers are unlike most species of
warbler in that it is very difficult to tell the
male and female apart.

139