Scribd
Upload
658 views2 pages

Quotes and References

This document provides quotes and references related to feminism and the women's movement. It includes quotes from early feminist writers that discuss how gender is a social construct and how women have been systematically mistreated. It also references works by Karl Marx, Engels, Betty Friedan, and others that analyzed women's position in society and argued for women's rights. Additionally, it lists key events in the women's rights movement, such as the passage of laws protecting women from domestic violence in Pakistan and conventions guaranteeing women's rights. Facts and figures are also presented on women's representation in government and rates of violence against women.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Zakria 2371-FET/BSEE/F14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
658 views2 pages

Quotes and References

This document provides quotes and references related to feminism and the women's movement. It includes quotes from early feminist writers that discuss how gender is a social construct and how women have been systematically mistreated. It also references works by Karl Marx, Engels, Betty Friedan, and others that analyzed women's position in society and argued for women's rights. Additionally, it lists key events in the women's rights movement, such as the passage of laws protecting women from domestic violence in Pakistan and conventions guaranteeing women's rights. Facts and figures are also presented on women's representation in government and rates of violence against women.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Zakria 2371-FET/BSEE/F14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Quotes & References

● “One is not born a woman, but one becomes one.” Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex (1949). ​Early
feminist writer.
● Gerda Lerner in her book, The Creation of Patriarchy says that the gender is the ‘​costume, a mask, a
straitjacket in which men and women dance their unequal dance​.’
● Alan Wolfe observed, ‘​... of all the ways that one group has systematically mistreated another, none is
more deeply rooted than the way men have subordinated women: All other discriminations pale by
contrast.’
● Karl Marx in his work 'Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts’ (1844) argued that women's position in
society could be used as a measure of development of society as a whole.
● Sexism is the unconscious, taken-for-granted, assumed, unquestioned, unexamined, unchallenged
acceptance of the belief that the world as it looks to men is the only world, that the way of dealing with
it which men have created is the only way,...
Jessie Bernard
● Engels’ ​ The Origin of Family ​(1884), argues that initially sexual relations were free. In his opinion,
family and marriage evolved when the notions of private property and inheritance grew.rights with men,
including the right to vote.
● Betty Friedan’s, ​The Feminine Mystique (1963), ​argued that middle-class American women suffered
from depression and alienation as a result of giving up a career outside the home.
● Oakley in her book ​Sex, Gender and Society (1972), ​argued that
“​‘Sex’ is a word that refers to the biological differences between male and female: the visible difference
in genitalia, the related difference in procreative function. ‘Gender’, however, is a matter of culture: it
refers to the social classification into ‘masculine’ and ‘feminine’.
● The term ​‘suffragette’ ​ was coined in 1906 by the Daily Mail.
● John Stuart Mill wrote ​The Subjugation of Women​ in 1869, argues that women should have equal
● Feminism and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan Actors, Debates and Strategies by Dr. Rubina
Saigol:
a. Colonialism and the Education Reform Movement
b. Rise of Anti-colonial Nationalist Movements in India
c. Post-colonial Restructuring of State and Society
d. Cold War Imperialist Conflict and the Reconfiguration of Islamization
e. Democracy and the Rise of Neoliberalism
f. Global War on Terror and the Post-9/11 Reconstruction of Identities
● Pakistan is a member of the UN and is party to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948; the
Beijing Platform for Action; the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against
Women, and the Sustainable Development Goals.
● Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act passed in 2012 by the Pakistani Senate defines
domestic violence as including, “all acts of gender based and other physical or psychological abuse
committed by a respondent against women, children or other vulnerable persons…”

Facts and Figures


● ‘The first legislature of Pakistan had two women representatives, Jahanara Shahnawaz, the Muslim
League veteran who had been elected to the All-India Muslim League Council in 1937; and Shaista
Ikramullah from the Suhrawardy family of East Pakistan.’
Feminism and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan, a research paper by Dr. Rubina Saigol.
● Ra’ana Liaquat Ali was the first woman ambassador of Pakistan, to Netherlands.
● Nasim Wali Khan was the first woman to win the election on a general seat in 1970.
● In 1975, the International Women’s Year (IWY) was launched.
● International Women Day is celebrated on March 8, every year.
● First World Conference on Women in Mexico City in 1975,​ ​organized by the UN
● Indian supreme court starts hearing on decriminalising gay sex on 10th of July, 2018. Celebrities
among those speaking out against 1861 law and how it ruins their lives.
● The concept of gender mainstreaming was first proposed at the 1985 Third World Conference on
Women in Nairobi.
● The process Suffragette movement begun when in 1832 Mary Smith, a property owner, petitioned that
propertied women should get the privilege of voting.
● Homosexuality coined term in 1869 by Karoly Maria Benkert.
● Teresa de Lauretis coined the term queer theory.
● Women’s suffrage was attained in the United States as a result of the 19th amendment to the
constitution in 1920. In Britain, it happened in 1928, all women.
● According to Global Gender Gap Report 2017, Pakistan ranks 95 / 144 in respect of Political
Empowerment Index. Interestingly, the USA ranks 96 / 144 in the list.
● Women make 48.8 per cent of the total population of Pakistan (according to the 6th Population and
Housing Census 2017).
● The National Assembly has 60 seats reserved for women.
● Around the world, at least one in every three women has been beaten, coerced into sex, or otherwise
abused by a man in her lifetime. More than 20 % of women are reported to have been abused by men
with whom they live.
● International convention on the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination (1965); Convention on
the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (1979); Declaration on the Elimination of
Violence Against Women (DEVAW) (1993).
● A staggering 32 per cent of women have experienced physical violence in Pakistan and 40 per cent of
ever-married women have suffered from spousal abuse at some point in their life (The Pakistan
Demographic and Health Survey 2012-2013)

You might also like