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Data Structures and Algorithms

The document describes an experiment to study an RLC series circuit and use an oscilloscope (CRO) by measuring voltage, current, power, and impedance values at different frequencies, calculating resistance, inductance, and capacitance values, understanding how the circuit responds variably to frequency, and observing waveform representations on the CRO. The objectives are to measure power consumption, calculate component values, and understand CRO usage by taking readings from a physical circuit setup or simulation.

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Abhishek Raj
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52 views

Data Structures and Algorithms

The document describes an experiment to study an RLC series circuit and use an oscilloscope (CRO) by measuring voltage, current, power, and impedance values at different frequencies, calculating resistance, inductance, and capacitance values, understanding how the circuit responds variably to frequency, and observing waveform representations on the CRO. The objectives are to measure power consumption, calculate component values, and understand CRO usage by taking readings from a physical circuit setup or simulation.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No:-6

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: To study the R-L-C series circuit and understanding the usage
of CRO.
OBJECTIVES:
1. Measurement of power Consumed by the R-L-C series circuit.
2. Calculation of R, XL, XC , Z and power factor of the R-L-C series circuit.
3. To understand the usage of CRO
Links to perform experiment:
http://vlabs.iitkgp.ernet.in/asnm/exp12/index.html#
And/or
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-ac/latest/circuit-construction-kit
-ac_en.html
THEORY:
The RLC Series Circuit is defined as when a pure resistance of R ohms, a pure inductance of
L Henry and a pure capacitance of C farads are connected together in series combination with
each other. As all the three elements are connected in series so, the current flowing in each
element of the circuit will be same as the total current I flowing in the circuit. Since the
inductive and capacitive reactance’s XL and XC are a function of the supply frequency, the
sinusoidal response of a series RLC circuit will therefore vary with frequency, ƒ.
For a series RLC circuit:

&
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED

Name of the
Sl No Range Type Quantity
Equipment
Single phase
1 0-270V,15A AC 1
variac
20w/40w, 230V
2 Choke Coil AC 1
(L=…… & R=….)
3 Capacitor 2.5 µF,440V AC 1
4 Voltmeter 0-300 V AC 2
5 Voltmeter 0-500 V AC 1
6 Ammeter 0-1 A AC 1
1.5mm2 Multi
7 Connecting Wire PVC wire As per required
Strand
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM(offline):
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM(online):

PROCEDURE(offline):
a. Connection should be made as per circuit diagram.
b. Set the variac to zero position and switch on AC supply.
c. Vary the variac and note down the reading of supply voltage, current, voltage across
Choke coil and capacitor .
d. Take different readings by applying different voltages.
e. Calculate the value of R,L, C and Power factor value from the reading.
f. Understand the usage of CRO through the video.

OBSERVATION TABLE(offline):

Voltage Voltage
Impedan
Input across across Resistan Inductanc Capacitan Cos φ=
Curren ce of the
Sl voltag coil capacito ce of coil e of the ce (C) in
t (I) in circuit
No e (Vin) (Vcoil=VR+VL) r (R) in coil (L) in Micro
amp (Z) in
Volt in (Vc) in Ohm Henry Farad
Ohm
Volt Volt
1

OBSERVATION TABLE(online):

SAMPLE CALCULATION:

*The voltage across the coil = Vcoil,


*The resistance of the coil = Rdc (Measured by Multimeter)
*Rac=1.6 Rdc
*Hence Voltage drop across the resistance = V R =IRac

*The voltage drop across the inductor of the coil = VL=

Hence the inductive Reactance = XL= , and L= (f=50Hz)


Similarly voltage drop across the capacitor = VC

Hence the capacitive Reactance = XC= , and C=

The impedance of the circuit

cosΦ =

PRECAUTIONS(offline):

a. Since the inductance and capacitance have been connected in series ,


b. The current should be watched carefully under no circumstances, the current
should be allowed to exceed the safe value.

CONCLUSION: In the RLC series circuit different parameters are calculated.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:

1. What are the different sources of error in this experiment?


2. Draw the phasor diagram with XL>XC in a series RLC circuit.
3. Calculate the internal resistance of the inductor and capacitor for any one reading.
4. Knowing V, I, V R, VL, and VC, in this experiment, and considering the resistance of
the inductor coil, draw the phasor diagram. Neglect losses in the capacitor.
5. Define resonance.
6. What do you mean by lagging power factor?
7. Define selectivity.
8. Define   Quality   factor  of a resonant circuit.
9. What is the condition for resonance for a RLC series circuit?
10. Write the expression for resonant frequency of series RLC circuit?

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