CalculusReview [328 marks]

Let f (x) = x3 − 2x2 + ax + 6. Part of the graph of f is shown in the following diagram.

The graph of f crosses the y-axis at the point P. The line L is tangent to the graph of f at P.

1a. Find the coordinates of P. [2 marks]

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
2
eg f (0), 03 − 2(0) + a (0) + 6, f (0) = 6, (0, y)
(0, 6) (accept x = 0 and y = 6) A1 N2

[2 marks]

1b. Find f ′ (x). [2 marks]

Markscheme
f ′ = 3x2 − 4x + a A2 N2

[2 marks]

1c. Hence, find the equation of L in terms of a. [4 marks]

 Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
eg f ′ (0)
correct working (A1)
2
eg 3(0) − 4 (0) + a, slope = a, f ′ (0) = a
attempt to substitute gradient and coordinates into linear equation (M1)
eg y − 6 = a (x − 0), y − 0 = a (x − 6), 6 = a (0) + c, L = ax + 6
correct equation A1 N3
eg y = ax + 6, y − 6 = ax, y − 6 = a (x − 0)

[4 marks]

1d. The graph of f has a local minimum at the point Q. The line L passes through Q. [8 marks]
Find the value of a.

Markscheme
valid approach to find intersection (M1)
eg f (x) = L
correct equation (A1)
3 2
eg x − 2x + ax + 6 = ax + 6
correct working (A1)
eg x − 2x = 0, x2 (x − 2) = 0
3 2

x = 2 at Q (A1)

valid approach to find minimum (M1)

eg f ′ (x) = 0
correct equation (A1)
2
eg 3x − 4x + a = 0
substitution of their value of x at Q into their f ′ (x) = 0 equation (M1)
2
eg 3(2) − 4 (2) + a = 0, 12 − 8 + a = 0
a = −4 A1 N0

[8 marks]

6−2
 6−2x
2. Let f (x) = . The following diagram shows part of the graph of f . [8 marks]
√16+6x−x2

The region R is enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis, and the y-axis. Find the area of R.

Markscheme
METHOD 1 (limits in terms of x)
valid approach to find x-intercept (M1)
6−2x
eg f (x) = 0, = 0, 6 − 2x = 0
√16+6x−x2

x-intercept is 3 (A1)
valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)
3 6−2x 1 1
eg u = 16 + 6x − x2 , ∫0 dx, du = 6 − 2x, ∫ , 2u 2 ,
√u √u

du −1
u = √16 + 6x − x2 , dx
= (6 − 2x) 12 (16 + 6x − x2 ) 2 , ∫ 2 du, 2u
∫ f (x) dx = 2√16 + 6x − x2 (A2)
substituting both of their limits into their integrated function and subtracting (M1)

eg 2√16 + 6 (3) − 32 − 2√16 + 6(0) − 02 , 2√16 + 18 − 9 − 2√16

2

Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function. Do not accept only
“– 0” as evidence of substituting lower limit.

correct working (A1)

eg 2√25 − 2√16, 10 − 8
area = 2 A1 N2

METHOD 2 (limits in terms of u)

valid approach to find x-intercept (M1)
6−2x
eg f (x) = 0, = 0, 6 − 2x = 0
√16+6x−x2

x-intercept is 3 (A1)
valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)

3 6−2 1
 3 6−2x 1
eg u = 16 + 6x − x2 , ∫0 dx, du = 6 − 2x, ∫ ,
√u √u

du −1
u = √16 + 6x − x2 , dx
= (6 − 2x) 12 (16 + 6x − x2 ) 2 , ∫ 2 du
correct integration (A2)
1
1
eg ∫ du = 2u , ∫ 2 du = 2u
2
√u

both correct limits for u (A1)

25
[2u 2 ] , u = 4 and u = 5, ∫45 2 du, [2u]54
25 1 1
eg u = 16 and u = 25, ∫16 du,
√u 16

substituting both of their limits for u (do not accept 0 and 3) into their integrated function
and subtracting (M1)
eg 2√25 − 2√16, 10 − 8
Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function, or if they have not
attempted to find limits for u.

area = 2 A1 N2

[8 marks]

1 1
Let f (x) = , for x > 2
.
√2x−1

3a. Find ∫ (f (x))2 dx. [3 marks]

Markscheme
correct working (A1)
2
eg ∫ 1
2x−1
dx, ∫ (2x − 1)−1 , 1
2x−1
, ∫( 1
) du
2
√u

∫ (f (x))2 dx = 12 ln (2x − 1) + c A2 N3
1
Note: Award A1 for 2
ln (2x − 1).
[3 marks]

Part of the graph of f is shown in the following diagram.

3b. Part of the graph of f is shown in the following diagram. [4 marks]

The shaded region R is enclosed by the graph of f, the x-axis, and the lines x = 1 and x = 9 .
Find the volume of the solid formed when R is revolved 360° about the x-axis.

Markscheme
attempt to substitute either limits or the function into formula involving f 2 (accept absence of
π / dx) (M1)
2
eg ∫1 y 2 dx, π∫ ( )
9 1 9
dx, [ 12 ln (2x − 1)]1
√2x−1

substituting limits into their integral and subtracting (in any order) (M1)
1
eg π
2
(ln (17) − ln (1)) , π (0 − 2
ln (2 × 9 − 1))
correct working involving calculating a log value or using log law (A1)

eg ln (1) = 0, ln ( 17
1
)

π
2
ln17 (accept πln√17) A1 N3

Note: Full FT may be awarded as normal, from their incorrect answer in part (a), however,
do not award the final two A marks unless they involve logarithms.
[4 marks]

4. Consider f(x), g(x) and h(x), for x∈R where h(x) = (f ∘ g)(x). [7 marks]
Given that g(3) = 7 , g′ (3) = 4 and f ′  (7) = −5 , find the gradient of the normal to the curve of h at
x = 3.
 Markscheme
recognizing the need to find h′ (M1)
recognizing the need to find h′ (3) (seen anywhere) (M1)
evidence of choosing chain rule (M1)
dy dy du
eg dx
= du
× dx
, f ′ (g (3)) × g ′ (3) , f ′ (g) × g ′
correct working (A1)
eg f ′ (7) × 4, −5 × 4
h′ (3) = −20 (A1)
evidence of taking their negative reciprocal for normal (M1)
eg − h′1(3) , m1 m2 = −1
1
gradient of normal is 20
A1 N4

[7 marks]

A function f (x) has derivative f ′ (x) = 3x2 + 18x. The graph of f has an x-intercept at x = −1.

5a. Find f (x). [6 marks]

Markscheme
evidence of integration (M1)
eg ∫ f ′ (x)
correct integration (accept absence of C) (A1)(A1)
3 18 2 3 2
eg x + 2
x + C, x + 9x
attempt to substitute x = −1 into their f = 0 (must have C) M1
3 2
eg (−1) + 9(−1) + C = 0, −1 + 9 + C = 0
Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function.
correct working (A1)
eg 8 + C = 0, C = −8
f (x) = x3 + 9x2 − 8 A1 N5
[6 marks]

5b. The graph of f has a point of inflexion at x = p. Find p. [4 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1 (using 2nd derivative)
recognizing that f" = 0 (seen anywhere) M1
correct expression for f" (A1)
eg 6x + 18, 6p + 18
correct working (A1)
6p + 18 = 0
p = −3 A1 N3

METHOD 1 (using 1st derivative)

recognizing the vertex of f′ is needed (M2)
eg − 2a
b
(must be clear this is for f′)

correct substitution (A1)

−18
eg 2×3

p = −3 A1 N3
[4 marks]

5c. Find the values of x for which the graph of f is concave-down. [3 marks]

Markscheme
valid attempt to use f" (x) to determine concavity (M1)

eg f" (x) < 0, f" (−2), f" (−4), 6x + 18 ≤ 0

correct working (A1)

eg 6x + 18 < 0, f" (−2) = 6, f" (−4) = −6

f concave down for x < −3 (do not accept x ≤ −3) A1 N2

[3 marks]

Consider a function f . The line L1 with equation y = 3x + 1 is a tangent to the graph of f when
x=2

6a. Write down f ′ (2). [2 marks]

 Markscheme
recognize that f ′ (x) is the gradient of the tangent at x (M1)
eg f ′ (x) =m
f ′ (2) = 3 (accept m = 3) A1 N2
[2 marks]

6b. Find f (2). [2 marks]

Markscheme
recognize that f (2) = y (2) (M1)
eg f (2) = 3 × 2 + 1
f (2) = 7 A1 N2
[2 marks]

Let g (x) = f (x2 + 1) and P be the point on the graph of g where x = 1.

6c. Show that the graph of g has a gradient of 6 at P. [5 marks]

Markscheme
recognize that the gradient of the graph of g is g ′ (x) (M1)
choosing chain rule to find g ′ (x) (M1)
dy du
eg du
× dx
, u = x2 + 1, u′ = 2x
g ′ (x) = f ′ (x2 + 1) × 2x A2
g ′ (1) = 3 × 2 A1
g ′ (1) = 6 AG N0
[5 marks]

6d. Let L2 be the tangent to the graph of g at P. L1 intersects L2 at the point Q. [7 marks]
Find the y-coordinate of Q.
 Markscheme
at Q, L1 = L2 (seen anywhere) (M1)
recognize that the gradient of L2 is g'(1) (seen anywhere) (M1)
eg m = 6
finding g (1) (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg g (1) = f (2) , g (1) = 7
attempt to substitute gradient and/or coordinates into equation of a straight line M1
eg y − g (1) = 6 (x − 1) , y − 1 = g ′ (1) (x − 7) , 7 = 6 (1) + b
correct equation for L2
eg y − 7 = 6 (x − 1) , y = 6x + 1 A1
correct working to find Q (A1)
eg same y-intercept, 3x = 0
y=1 A1 N2
[7 marks]

A closed cylindrical can with radius r centimetres and height h centimetres has a volume of 20 π
cm3.

7a. Express h in terms of r. [2 marks]

Markscheme
correct equation for volume (A1)
eg πr2 h = 20π
20
h= r2
A1 N2

[2 marks]

The material for the base and top of the can costs 10 cents per cm 2 and the material for the
 The material for the base and top of the can costs 10 cents per cm 2 and the material for the
curved side costs 8 cents per cm2. The total cost of the material, in cents, is C.

7b. Show that C = 20πr2 + 320π [4 marks]

r .

Markscheme
attempt to find formula for cost of parts (M1)
eg 10 × two circles, 8 × curved side
correct expression for cost of two circles in terms of r (seen anywhere) A1
eg 2πr2 × 10
correct expression for cost of curved side (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 2πr × h × 8
correct expression for cost of curved side in terms of r A1
eg 8 × 2πr × 20 r2
, 320π
r2
320π
C = 20πr2 + r
AG N0
[4 marks]

7c. Given that there is a minimum value for C, find this minimum value in terms of π. [9 marks]

Markscheme
recognize C ′ = 0 at minimum (R1)
eg C ′ = 0, dCdr
=0
correct differentiation (may be seen in equation)
320π
C ′ = 40πr − r2
A1A1

correct equation A1
eg 40πr − 2 = 0, 40πr 320π
320π
2
r r

correct working (A1)

eg 40r3 = 320, r3 = 8
r = 2 (m) A1
attempt to substitute their value of r into C
eg 20π × 4 + 320 × π2 (M1)

correct working
eg 80π + 160π (A1)
240π (cents) A1 N3
Note: Do not accept 753.6, 753.98 or 754, even if 240 π is seen.
[9 marks]

Let ( ) = 1 + e−x and ( ) = 2 + , for ∈ R, where is a constant.

 Let f(x) = 1 + e−x and g(x) = 2x + b, for x ∈ R, where b is a constant.

8a. Find (g ∘ f)(x). [2 marks]

Markscheme
attempt to form composite (M1)
eg g(1 + e−x )
correct function A1 N2
eg (g ∘ f)(x) = 2 + b + 2e−x , 2(1 + e−x ) + b
[2 marks]

8b. lim [4 marks]

Given that x→+∞(g ∘ f)(x) = −3, find the value of b.

Markscheme
lim lim
evidence of x→∞(2 + b + 2e−x ) = 2 + b + x→∞(2e−x ) (M1)
eg 2 + b + 2e−∞ , graph with horizontal asymptote when x → ∞

Note: Award M0 if candidate clearly has incorrect limit, such as x → 0, e∞ , 2e0 .

evidence that e−x → 0 (seen anywhere) (A1)

lim
eg x→∞(e−x ) = 0, 1 + e−x → 1, 2(1) + b = −3, elarge negative number → 0, graph of
y = e−x or
y = 2e−x with asymptote y = 0, graph of composite function with asymptote y = −3
correct working (A1)
eg 2 + b = −3
b = −5 A1 N2
[4 marks]

( )= 2 − ∈R
 Let f(x) = x2 − x, for x ∈ R. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f .

The graph of f crosses the x-axis at the origin and at the point P(1, 0).

9a. Show that f ′ (1) = 1. [3 marks]

Markscheme
f ′(x) = 2x − 1 A1A1
correct substitution A1
eg 2(1) − 1, 2 − 1
f ′(1) = 1 AG N0
[3 marks]

The line L is the normal to the graph of f at P.

9b. Find the equation of L in the form y = ax + b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
correct approach to find the gradient of the normal (A1)
−1
eg
f ′(1)
, m1 m2 = −1, slope = −1

attempt to substitute correct normal gradient and coordinates into equation of a line (M1)
eg y − 0 = −1(x − 1), 0 = −1 + b, b = 1, L = −x + 1
y = −x + 1 A1 N2
[3 marks]

The line intersects the graph of at another point Q, as shown in the following diagram.
 The line L intersects the graph of f at another point Q, as shown in the following diagram.

9c. Find the x-coordinate of Q. [4 marks]

Markscheme
equating expressions (M1)
eg f(x) = L, − x + 1 = x2 − x
correct working (must involve combining terms) (A1)
eg x2 − 1 = 0, x2 = 1, x = 1
x = −1 (accept Q(−1, 2)) A2 N3
[4 marks]

9d. Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of f and the line L. [6 marks]

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
1
eg ∫ L − f, ∫−1 (1 − x2 )dx, splitting area into triangles and integrals

correct integration (A1)(A1)

1
eg [x − x3
] ,
3 −1
− x3
3
− x2
2
+ x2
2
+x

substituting their limits into their integrated function and subtracting (in any order) (M1)

eg 1 − 1
3
− (−1 − −1
3
)

Note: Award M0 for substituting into original or differentiated function.

4
area = 3
A2 N3

[6 marks]

2
10a. Find ∫ xex −1 dx. [4 marks]
 Markscheme
valid approach to set up integration by substitution/inspection (M1)
2
eg u = x2 − 1, du = 2x, ∫ 2xex −1 dx
correct expression (A1)
1 2 1
eg 2
∫ 2xex −1 dx, 2
∫ eu du
1 x2−1
2
e +c A2 N4

Notes: Award A1 if missing “ +c”.

[4 marks]

2
10b. Find f(x), given that f ′ (x) = xex −1 and f(−1) = 3. [3 marks]

Markscheme
substituting x = −1 into their answer from (a) (M1)
1 0 1 1−1
eg 2
e , 2e =3
correct working (A1)
1
eg 2
+ c = 3, c = 2.5
f(x) = 12 ex −1 + 2.5
2
A1 N2

[3 marks]

The following diagram shows the graph of ′, the derivative of .

 The following diagram shows the graph of f ′ , the derivative of f .

The graph of f ′ has a local minimum at A, a local maximum at B and passes through (4, − 2).

The point P(4, 3) lies on the graph of the function, f .

11a. Write down the gradient of the curve of f at P. [1 mark]

Markscheme
−2 A1 N1
[1 mark]

11b. Find the equation of the normal to the curve of f at P. [3 marks]

Markscheme
1
gradient of normal = 2
(A1)

attempt to substitute their normal gradient and coordinates of P (in any order) (M1)
1
eg y − 4 = 2
(x − 3), 3 = 12 (4) + b, b = 1
y − 3 = 12 (x − 4), y = 12 x + 1, x − 2y + 2 = 0 A1 N3

[3 marks]

11c. Determine the concavity of the graph of f when 4 < x < 5 and justify your answer. [2 marks]
 Markscheme
correct answer and valid reasoning A2 N2
answer: eg graph of f is concave up, concavity is positive (between 4 < x < 5)
reason: eg slope of f ′ is positive, f ′ is increasing, f ′′ > 0,
sign chart (must clearly be for f ′′ and show A and B)

Note: The reason given must refer to a specific function/graph. Referring to “the graph”
or “it” is not sufficient.

[2 marks]

A quadratic function f can be written in the form f(x) = a(x − p)(x − 3). The graph of f has
axis of symmetry x = 2.5 and y-intercept at (0, − 6)

12a. Find the value of p. [3 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1 (using x-intercept)
determining that 3 is an x-intercept (M1)

eg x − 3 = 0,

valid approach (M1)

p+3
eg 3 − 2.5, 2
= 2.5
p=2 A1 N2
METHOD 2 (expanding f (x))
correct expansion (accept absence of a) (A1)
eg ax2 − a(3 + p)x + 3ap, x2 − (3 + p)x + 3p
valid approach involving equation of axis of symmetry (M1)
−b a(3+p) 3+p
eg 2a
= 2.5, 2a
= 52 , 2
= 5
2
p=2 A1 N2
METHOD 3 (using derivative)
correct derivative (accept absence of a) (A1)
eg a(2x − 3 − p), 2x − 3 − p
valid approach (M1)
eg f ′ (2.5) = 0
p=2 A1 N2
[3 marks]

12b. Find the value of a. [3 marks]

Markscheme
attempt to substitute (0, − 6) (M1)
eg −6 = a(0 − 2)(0 − 3), 0 = a(−8)(−9), a(0)2 − 5a(0) + 6a = −6
correct working (A1)
eg −6 = 6a
a = −1 A1 N2
[3 marks]

12c. The line y = kx − 5 is a tangent to the curve of f . Find the values of k. [8 marks]
Markscheme
METHOD 1 (using discriminant)
recognizing tangent intersects curve once (M1)
recognizing one solution when discriminant = 0 M1
attempt to set up equation (M1)
eg g = f, kx − 5 = −x2 + 5x − 6
rearranging their equation to equal zero (M1)
eg x2 − 5x + kx + 1 = 0
correct discriminant (if seen explicitly, not just in quadratic formula) A1
eg (k − 5)2 − 4, 25 − 10k + k2 −4
correct working (A1)
10±√100−4×21
eg k − 5 = ±2, (k − 3)(k − 7) = 0, 2

k = 3, 7 A1A1 N0
METHOD 2 (using derivatives)
attempt to set up equation (M1)
eg g = f, kx − 5 = −x2 + 5x − 6
recognizing derivative/slope are equal (M1)
eg f ′ = mT , f ′ = k
correct derivative of f (A1)
eg −2x + 5
attempt to set up equation in terms of either x or k M1
2
eg (−2x + 5)x − 5 = −x2 + 5x − 6, k ( ) ) + 5 ( 5−k )−6
5−k
2
− 5 = −( 5−k
2 2

rearranging their equation to equal zero (M1)

2 2
eg x − 1 = 0, k − 10k + 21 = 0
correct working (A1)
10±√100−4×21
eg x = ±1, (k − 3)(k − 7) = 0, 2

k = 3, 7 A1A1 N0
[8 marks]

( )= 2
 Let f(x) = x2 . The following diagram shows part of the graph of f .

The line L is the tangent to the graph of f at the point A(−k, k2 ), and intersects the x-axis at
point B. The point C is (−k, 0).

13a. Write down f ′ (x). [1 mark]

Markscheme
f ′(x) = 2x A1 N1
[1 mark]

13b. Find the gradient of L. [2 marks]

Markscheme
attempt to substitute x = −k into their derivative (M1)
gradient of L is −2k A1 N2
[2 marks]

13c. Show that the x-coordinate of B is − k2 . [5 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1
attempt to substitute coordinates of A and their gradient into equation of a line (M1)
eg k2 = −2k(−k) + b
correct equation of L in any form (A1)
eg y − k2 = −2k(x + k), y = −2kx − k2
valid approach (M1)
eg y = 0
correct substitution into L equation A1
eg −k2 = −2kx − 2k2 , 0 = −2kx − k2
correct working A1
eg 2kx = −k2
x = − k2 AG N0

METHOD 2
valid approach (M1)
y2−y1 rise
eg gradient = x2−x1
, − 2k = run

recognizing y = 0 at B (A1)
attempt to substitute coordinates of A and B into slope formula (M1)
k2−0 −k2
eg −k−x , x+k

correct equation A1
k2−0 −k2
eg −k−x
= −2k, x+k
= −2k, − k2 = −2k(x + k)
correct working A1
eg 2kx = −k2
x = − k2 AG N0

[5 marks]

13d. Find the area of triangle ABC, giving your answer in terms of k. [2 marks]

Markscheme
valid approach to find area of triangle (M1)

eg 1
2
(k2 ) ( k2 )
k3
area of ABC = 4
A1 N2

[2 marks]
 The region R is enclosed by L, the graph of f , and the x-axis. This is shown in the following
diagram.

13e. Given that the area of triangle ABC is p times the area of R, find the value of p. [7 marks]

Markscheme
METHOD 1 ( ∫ f − triangle)
valid approach to find area from −k to 0 (M1)
0 −k
eg ∫−k x2 dx, ∫0 f
correct integration (seen anywhere, even if M0 awarded) A1
x3 0
eg 3
, [ 13 x3 ]−k
substituting their limits into their integrated function and subtracting (M1)
3
(−k) k3
eg 0 − 3
, area from −k to 0 is 3

Note: Award M0 for substituting into original or differentiated function.

attempt to find area of R (M1)

0
eg ∫−k f(x)dx − triangle

correct working for R (A1)

k3 k3 k3
eg 3
− 4
, R= 12

correct substitution into triangle = pR (A1)

k3
= p ( k3 − ) , k4 = p ( 12 )
3 k3 3 k3
eg 4 4

p=3 A1 N2
METHOD 2 ( ∫ (f − L))
valid approach to find area of R (M1)
−k 0 −k 0
eg ∫−k2 x2 − (−2kx − k2 )dx + ∫− k x2 dx, ∫−k2 (f − L) + ∫− k f
2 2

correct integration (seen anywhere, even if M0 awarded) A2

− k2 0
x3
+ kx2 + k2 x, [ x3 + kx2 + k2 x] + [ x3 ]
3 3
eg 3 −k − k2

substituting their limits into their integrated function and subtracting (M1)
eg
 3 3
(− k2 ) (− k2 )
( + (0) − ( )
2
k(− k2 ) k2 (− k2 )) −(
(−k)3 2
3
+ + 3
+ k(−k) + k2 (−k)) 3

Note: Award M0 for substituting into original or differentiated function.

correct working for R (A1)

k3 k3 k3 k3 k3 k3 k3 k3
eg 24
+ 24
, − 24
+ 4
− 2
+ 3
− k3 + k3 + 24
, R= 12

correct substitution into triangle = pR (A1)

k3
= p ( 24 ) , k4 = p ( 12 )
k 3 k3 3 k 3
eg 4
+ 24

p=3 A1 N2
[7 marks]

14. Let f ′ (x) = 3x2 [6 marks]

. Given that f(0) = 1, find f(x).
(x3+1)5

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
3x2
eg ∫ f ′ dx, ∫ dx
(x3+1)5

correct integration by substitution/inspection A2

−1
eg f(x) = − 14 (x3 + 1)−4 + c,
4(x3+1)4

correct substitution into their integrated function (must include c) M1

−1 1
eg 1 = 4
+ c, − 4
+c=1
4(03+1)

Note: Award M0 if candidates substitute into f ′ or f ′′ .

5
c= 4
(A1)

(= )
4
−1 5(x3+1) −1
f(x) = − 14 (x3 + 1)−4 + 5
4
+ 54 , A1 N4
4(x3+1)4 4(x3+1)4

[6 marks]

Let f(x) = cos x.

15a. (i) Find the first four derivatives of f(x). [4 marks]

(ii) Find f (19) (x).
 Markscheme
(i)
f ′(x) = − sin x, f ′′ (x) = − cos x, f (3) (x) = sin x, f (4) (x) = cos x A2 N2
(ii) valid approach (M1)
eg recognizing that 19 is one less than a multiple of 4, f (19) (x) = f (3) (x)

f (19) (x) = sin x A1 N2

[4 marks]

Let g(x) = xk , where k ∈ Z+ .

15b. (i) Find the first three derivatives of g(x). [5 marks]

(ii) Given that g (19) (x) = k!

(xk−19 ), find p.
(k−p)!

Markscheme
(i)
g ′(x) = kxk−1
g ′′ (x) = k(k − 1)xk−2 , g (3) (x) = k(k − 1)(k − 2)xk−3 A1A1 N2
(ii) METHOD 1
correct working that leads to the correct answer, involving the correct expression for the
19th derivative A2
(k−19)!
eg k(k − 1)(k − 2) … (k − 18) × , P
(k−19)! k 19

p = 19 (accept k!
(k−19)!
xk−19 ) A1 N1

METHOD 2
correct working involving recognizing patterns in coefficients of first three derivatives (may
be seen in part (b)(i)) leading to a general rule for 19th coefficient A2

eg g ′′ = 2! ( ) , k(k − 1)(k − 2) =
k k!
, g (3) (x)=k P3 (xk−3 )
2 (k−3)!

g (19) (x) = 19! ( ) , 19! ×

k k!
, P
(k−19)!×19! k 19
19
p = 19 (accept k!
(k−19)!
xk−19 ) A1 N1

[5 marks]

(19) (19)
 Let k = 21 and h(x) = (f (19) (x) × g (19) (x)).

15c. (i) Find h′ (x). [7 marks]

−21! 2
(ii) Hence, show that h′ (π) = 2
π .

Markscheme
(i) valid approach using product rule (M1)
eg uv′ + vu′ , f (19) g (20) + f (20) g (19)
correct 20th derivatives (must be seen in product rule) (A1)(A1)
21!
eg g (20) (x) = (21−20)!
x, f (20) (x) = cos x

h′(x) = sin x(21!x) + cos x ( 21!

2
x2 ) (accept sin x ( 21!
1!
x) + cos x ( 21!
2!
x2 )) A1
N3
(ii) substituting x = π (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg f (19) (π)g (20) (π) + f (20) (π)g (19) (π), sin π 21!
1!
π + cos π 21!
2!
π2
evidence of one correct value for sin π or cos π (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg sin π = 0, cos π = −1
evidence of correct values substituted into h′ (π) A1

eg 21!(π) (0 − π
2!
), 21!(π) (− π2 ) , 0 + (−1) 21!
2
π2

Note: If candidates write only the first line followed by the answer, award A1A0A0.

−21! 2
2
π AG N0

[7 marks]

Let f(x) = √4x + 5, for x ⩾ −1.25.

16a. Find f ′ (1). [4 marks]

 Markscheme
choosing chain rule (M1)
dy dy du
eg dx
= du
× dx
, u = 4x + 5, u′ = 4
correct derivative of f A2
1 − 12 2
eg 2
(4x + 5) × 4, f ′(x) =
√4x+5
2
f ′(1) = 3
A1 N2

[4 marks]

Consider another function g. Let R be a point on the graph of g. The x-coordinate of R is 1. The
equation of the tangent to the graph at R is y = 3x + 6.

16b. Write down g ′ (1). [2 marks]

Markscheme
recognize that g ′ (x) is the gradient of the tangent (M1)
eg g ′ (x) = m
g ′(1) = 3 A1 N2
[2 marks]

16c. Find g(1). [2 marks]

Markscheme
recognize that R is on the tangent (M1)
eg g(1) = 3 × 1 + 6, sketch
g(1) = 9 A1 N2
[2 marks]

16d. Let h(x) = f(x) × g(x). Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of h at the [7 marks]
point where x = 1.
 Markscheme
f(1) = √4 + 5 (= 3) (seen anywhere) A1
h(1) = 3 × 9 (= 27) (seen anywhere) A1
choosing product rule to find h′ (x) (M1)
eg uv′ + u′ v
correct substitution to find h′ (1) (A1)
eg f(1) × g ′(1) + f ′(1) × g(1)
2
h′(1) = 3 × 3 + 3
× 9 (= 15) A1

EITHER
attempt to substitute coordinates (in any order) into the equation of a straight line (M1)
eg y − 27 = h′ (1)(x − 1), y − 1 = 15(x − 27)
y − 27 = 15(x − 1) A1 N2
OR
attempt to substitute coordinates (in any order) to find the y-intercept (M1)
eg 27 = 15 × 1 + b, 1 = 15 × 27 + b
y = 15x + 12 A1 N2
[7 marks]

6−2x
Let f ′ (x) = 6x−x2
, for 0 < x < 6.

The graph of f has a maximum point at P.

17a. Find the x-coordinate of P. [3 marks]

Markscheme
recognizing f ′ (x) = 0 (M1)
correct working (A1)
eg 6 − 2x = 0
x=3 A1 N2
[3 marks]

The y-coordinate of P is ln 27.

17b. Find f(x), expressing your answer as a single logarithm. [8 marks]

 Markscheme
evidence of integration (M1)
6−2x
eg ∫ f ′ , ∫ 6x−x2
dx
using substitution (A1)
1
eg ∫ u du where u = 6x − x2
correct integral A1
eg ln(u) + c, ln(6x − x2 )
substituting (3, ln 27) into their integrated expression (must have c) (M1)
eg ln(6 × 3 − 32 ) + c = ln 27, ln(18 − 9) + ln k = ln 27
correct working (A1)
eg c = ln 27 − ln 9
EITHER
c = ln 3 (A1)
attempt to substitute their value of c into f(x) (M1)
eg f(x) = ln(6x − x2 ) + ln 3 A1 N4
OR
attempt to substitute their value of c into f(x) (M1)
eg f(x) = ln(6x − x2 ) + ln 27 − ln 9
correct use of a log law (A1)

eg f(x) = ln(6x − x2 ) + ln( 27

9
), f(x) = ln(27(6x − x2 )) − ln 9

f(x) = ln(3(6x − x2 )) A1 N4

[8 marks]

17c. The graph of f is transformed by a vertical stretch with scale factor 1

ln 3
. The image of P under
this transformation has coordinates (a, b).
Find the value of a and of b, where a, b ∈ N.
 Markscheme
a=3 A1 N1
correct working A1
ln 27
eg ln 3
correct use of log law (A1)
3 ln 3
eg ln 3
, log3 27
b=3 A1 N2
[4 marks]

The following diagram shows the graph of f(x) = 2x√a2 − x2 , for −1 ⩽ x ⩽ a, where a > 1
.

The line L is the tangent to the graph of f at the origin, O. The point P(a, b) lies on L.

18a. (i) 2a2−4x2 [6 marks]

Given that f ′ (x) = , for −1 ⩽ x < a, find the equation of L.
√a2−x2

(ii) Hence or otherwise, find an expression for b in terms of a.

 Markscheme
(i) recognizing the need to find the gradient when x = 0 (seen anywhere) R1
eg f ′(0)
correct substitution (A1)
2a2−4(0)
f ′(0) =
√a2−0

f ′(0) = 2a (A1)
correct equation with gradient 2 a (do not accept equations of the form L = 2ax) A1
N3
eg y = 2ax, y − b = 2a(x − a), y = 2ax − 2a2 + b
(ii) METHOD 1
attempt to substitute x = a into their equation of L (M1)
eg y = 2a × a
b = 2a2 A1 N2
METHOD 2
equating gradients (M1)
eg b
a = 2a
b = 2a2 A1 N2
[6 marks]

The point Q(a, 0) lies on the graph of f . Let R be the region enclosed by the graph of f and
the x-axis. This information is shown in the following diagram.

Let AR be the area of the region R.

18b. Show that AR = 2 3 [6 marks]

3
a.
 Markscheme
METHOD 1
a
recognizing that area = ∫0 f(x)dx (seen anywhere) R1
valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)
3
2
eg ∫ 2x√udx, u = a2 − x2 , du = −2xdx, 3
(a2 − x2 ) 2
correct working (A1)
eg ∫ 2x√a2 − x2 dx = ∫ −√udu
3

∫ −√udu = − u32 (A1)

2

3
∫ f(x)dx = − 23 (a2 − x2 ) 2 + c (A1)

substituting limits and subtracting A1

3 3 3
eg AR = − 23 (a2 − a2 ) 2 + 2
3
(a2 − 0) 2 , 2
3
(a2 ) 2
AR = 23 a3 AG N0

METHOD 2
a
recognizing that area = ∫0 f(x)dx (seen anywhere) R1

valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)

3
2
eg ∫ 2x√udx, u = a2 − x2 , du = −2xdx, 3
(a2 − x2 ) 2
correct working (A1)
eg ∫ 2x√a2 − x2 dx = ∫ −√udu
3

∫ −√udu = − u32 (A1)

2

new limits for u (even if integration is incorrect) (A1)

0
eg u = 0 and u = a2 , ∫0 u 2 du, [− 23 u 2 ]
a2 1 3

a2
substituting limits and subtracting A1
3
2 3
eg AR = − (0 − 3
a ) , 23 (a2 ) 2

AR = 23 a3 AG N0

[6 marks]

18c. Let AT be the area of the triangle OPQ. Given that AT = kAR , find the value of k. [4 marks]
 Markscheme
METHOD 1
valid approach to find area of triangle (M1)
1
eg 2
(OQ)(PQ), 12 ab
correct substitution into formula for AT (seen anywhere) (A1)
1
eg AT = 2
× a × 2a2 , a3
valid attempt to find k (must be in terms of a) (M1)
a3
eg a3 = k 23 a3 , k = 2 3
3
a
3
k= 2
A1 N2

METHOD 2
valid approach to find area of triangle (M1)
a
eg ∫0 (2ax)dx
correct working (A1)
eg [ax2 ]a0 , a3
valid attempt to find k (must be in terms of a) (M1)
a3
eg a3 = k 23 a3 , k = 2 3
3
a
3
k= 2
A1 N2

[4 marks]

Fred makes an open metal container in the shape of a cuboid, as shown in the following
diagram.

The container has height x m, width x m and length y m. The volume is 36 m3 .

Let A(x) be the outside surface area of the container.

108
19a. Show that A(x) = x + 2x2 . [4 marks]
 Markscheme
correct substitution into the formula for volume A1
eg 36 = y × x × x
valid approach to eliminate y (may be seen in formula/substitution) M1
36 36
eg y = x2
, xy = x

correct expression for surface area A1

eg xy + xy + xy + x2 + x2 , area = 3xy + 2x2
correct expression in terms of x only A1

eg 3x ( 362 ) + 2x2 , x2 + x2 + 36
x + 36
x + 36
x , 2x2 + 3 ( 36
x )
x
108
A(x) = x + 2x2 AG N0

[4 marks]

19b. Find A′ (x). [2 marks]

Markscheme
A′(x) = − 108
x2
+ 4x, 4x − 108x−2 A1A1 N2

Note: Award A1 for each term.

[2 marks]

19c. Given that the outside surface area is a minimum, find the height of the container. [5 marks]

Markscheme
recognizing that minimum is when A′ (x) = 0 (M1)
correct equation (A1)
eg − 108
x2
+ 4x = 0, 4x = 108
x2

correct simplification (A1)

eg −108 + 4x3 = 0, 4x3 = 108
correct working (A1)
eg x3 = 27
height = 3 (m) (accept x = 3) A1 N2
[5 marks]

10 m2
19d. Fred paints the outside of the container. A tin of paint covers a surface area of 10 m2 [5 marks]
and costs $20. Find the total cost of the tins needed to paint the container.

Markscheme
attempt to find area using their height (M1)
108
eg 3
+ 2(3)2 , 9 + 9 + 12 + 12 + 12
minimum surface area = 54 m2 (may be seen in part (c)) A1
attempt to find the number of tins (M1)
54
eg 10
, 5.4
6 (tins) (A1)
$120 A1 N3
[5 marks]

Let y = f(x), for −0.5 ≤ x ≤ 6.5. The following diagram shows the graph of f ′ , the derivative
of f .

The graph of f ′ has a local maximum when x = 2, a local minimum when x = 4, and it
crosses the
x-axis at the point (5, 0).

20a. Explain why the graph of f has a local minimum when x = 5. [2 marks]
 Markscheme
METHOD 1
f ′(5) = 0 (A1)
valid reasoning including reference to the graph of f ′ R1
eg f ′ changes sign from negative to positive at x = 5, labelled sign chart for f ′
so f has a local minimum at x = 5 AG N0

Note: It must be clear that any description is referring to the graph of f ′ , simply giving
the conditions for a minimum without relating them to f ′ does not gain the R1.

METHOD 2
f ′(5) = 0 A1
valid reasoning referring to second derivative R1
eg f ′′ (5) > 0
so f has a local minimum at x = 5 AG N0
[2 marks]

20b. Find the set of values of x for which the graph of f is concave down. [2 marks]

Markscheme
attempt to find relevant interval (M1)
eg f ′ is decreasing, gradient of f ′ is negative, f ′′ < 0
2 < x < 4 (accept “between 2 and 4”) A1 N2

Notes: If no other working shown, award M1A0 for incorrect inequalities such as 2 ≤ x
≤ 4, or “from 2 to 4”
[2 marks]

The following diagram shows the shaded regions , and .

20c. The following diagram shows the shaded regions A, B and C . [5 marks]

The regions are enclosed by the graph of f ′ , the x-axis, the y-axis, and the line x = 6.
The area of region A is 12, the area of region B is 6.75 and the area of region C is 6.75.
Given that f(0) = 14, find f(6).
 Markscheme
METHOD 1 (one integral)
correct application of Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (A1)
6 6
eg ∫0 f ′ (x)dx =f(6) − f(0), f(6) = 14 + ∫0 f ′ (x)dx

attempt to link definite integral with areas (M1)

6 6
eg ∫0 f ′ (x)dx = −12 − 6.75 + 6.75, ∫0 f ′ (x)dx = Area A + Area B + Area C
6
correct value for ∫0 f ′ (x)dx (A1)
6
eg ∫0 f ′ (x)dx = −12

correct working A1
eg f(6) − 14 = −12, f(6) = −12 + f(0)
f(6) = 2 A1 N3
METHOD 2 (more than one integral)
correct application of Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (A1)
2 2
eg ∫0 f ′ (x)dx = f(2) − f(0), f(2) = 14 + ∫0 f ′ (x)
attempt to link definite integrals with areas (M1)
2 5 6
eg ∫0 f ′(x)dx = 12, ∫2 f ′(x)dx = −6.75, ∫0 f ′(x) = 0
correct values for integrals (A1)
2 2
eg ∫0 f ′(x)dx = −12, ∫5 f ′(x)dx = 6.75, f(6) − f(2) = 0
one correct intermediate value A1
eg f(2) = 2, f(5) = −4.75
f(6) = 2 A1 N3
[5 marks]

The following diagram shows the shaded regions , and .

20d. The following diagram shows the shaded regions A, B and C . [6 marks]

The regions are enclosed by the graph of f ′ , the x-axis, the y-axis, and the line x = 6.
The area of region A is 12, the area of region B is 6.75 and the area of region C is 6.75.
2
Let g(x) = (f(x)) . Given that f ′ (6) = 16, find the equation of the tangent to the graph of g at
the point where x = 6.
 Markscheme
correct calculation of g(6) (seen anywhere) A1
2
eg 2 , g(6) = 4
choosing chain rule or product rule (M1)
dy dy du
eg g ′ (f(x)) f ′ (x), dx
= du
× dx
, f(x)f ′(x) + f ′(x)f(x)
correct derivative (A1)
eg g ′(x) = 2f(x)f ′(x), f(x)f ′(x) + f ′(x)f(x)
correct calculation of g ′ (6) (seen anywhere) A1
eg 2(2)(16), g ′ (6) = 64
attempt to substitute their values of g ′ (6) and g(6) (in any order) into equation of a line
(M1)
eg 22 = (2 × 2 × 16)6 + b, y − 6 = 64(x − 4)
correct equation in any form A1 N2
eg y − 4 = 64(x − 6), y = 64x − 380
[6 marks]
[Total 15 marks]

A function f has its derivative given by f ′ (x) = 3x2 − 2kx − 9, where k is a constant.

21a. Find f ′′ (x). [2 marks]

Markscheme
f ′′ (x) = 6x − 2k A1A1 N2
[2 marks]

21b. The graph of f has a point of inflexion when x = 1. [3 marks]

Show that k = 3.
 Markscheme
substituting x = 1 into f ′′ (M1)
eg f ′′ (1), 6(1) − 2k
recognizing f ′′ (x) = 0 (seen anywhere) M1
correct equation A1
eg 6 − 2k = 0
k=3 AG N0
[3 marks]

21c. Find f ′ (−2). [2 marks]

Markscheme
correct substitution into f ′ (x) (A1)
eg 3(−2)2 − 6(−2) − 9
f ′(−2) = 15 A1 N2
[2 marks]

21d. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve of f at (−2, 1), giving your answer in [4 marks]
the form y = ax + b.

Markscheme
recognizing gradient value (may be seen in equation) M1
eg a = 15, y = 15x + b
attempt to substitute (−2, 1) into equation of a straight line M1
eg 1 = 15(−2) + b, (y − 1) = m(x + 2), (y + 2) = 15(x − 1)
correct working (A1)
eg 31 = b, y = 15x + 30 + 1
y = 15x + 31 A1 N2
[4 marks]

21e. Given that f ′ (−1) = 0, explain why the graph of f has a local maximum when [3 marks]
x = −1.
 Markscheme
METHOD 1 (2nd derivative)
recognizing f ′′ < 0 (seen anywhere) R1
substituting x = −1 into f ′′ (M1)
eg f ′′ (−1), 6(−1) − 6
f ′′ (−1) = −12 A1
therefore the graph of f has a local maximum when x = −1 AG N0
METHOD 2 (1st derivative)
recognizing change of sign of f ′ (x) (seen anywhere) R1
eg sign chart
correct value of f ′ for −1 < x < 3 A1
eg f ′ (0) = −9
correct value of f ′ for x value to the left of −1 A1
eg f ′ (−2) = 15
therefore the graph of f has a local maximum when x = −1 AG N0
[3 marks]
Total [14 marks]

22. The following diagram shows the graph of f(x) = for 0 ≤ x ≤ 4, and the line
x
x2+1
, [6 marks]
x = 4.

Let R be the region enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis and the line x = 4.
Find the area of R.
 Markscheme
substitution of limits or function (A1)
4
eg A = ∫0 f(x), ∫ x
x2+1
dx
correct integration by substitution/inspection A2
1
2
ln(x2 + 1)
substituting limits into their integrated function and subtracting (in any order) (M1)
1
eg 2
(ln(42 + 1) − ln(02 + 1))
correct working A1
1
eg 2
(ln(42 + 1) − ln(02 + 1)) , 1
2
(ln(17) − ln(1)) , 1
2
ln 17 −0
A = 12 ln(17) A1 N3

Note: Exception to FT rule. Allow full FT on incorrect integration involving a ln function.

[6 marks]

Let
f(x) = px3 + px2 + qx.

23a. Find f ′ (x). [2 marks]

Markscheme
f ′(x) = 3px2 + 2px + q A2 N2

Note: Award A1 if only 1 error.

[2 marks]

23b. Given that f ′ (x) ⩾ 0, show that p2 ⩽ 3pq. [5 marks]

 Markscheme
evidence of discriminant (must be seen explicitly, not in quadratic formula) (M1)
eg b2 − 4ac
correct substitution into discriminant (may be seen in inequality) A1
eg (2p)2 − 4 × 3p × q, 4p2 − 12pq
f ′(x) ⩾ 0 then f ′ has two equal roots or no roots (R1)
recognizing discriminant less or equal than zero R1
eg Δ ⩽ 0, 4p2 − 12pq ⩽ 0
correct working that clearly leads to the required answer A1
eg p2 − 3pq ⩽ 0, 4p2 ⩽ 12pq
p2 ⩽ 3pq AG N0
[5 marks]

Let
2x
f(x) = x2 +5
.

24a. Use the quotient rule to show that f ′ (x) = 10−2x2 [4 marks]
.
(x2+5)2

Markscheme
derivative of 2x is 2 (must be seen in quotient rule) (A1)
derivative of x2 + 5 is 2x (must be seen in quotient rule) (A1)
correct substitution into quotient rule A1
(x2+5)(2)−(2x)(2x) 2(x2+5)−4x2
eg ,
(x2+5)2 (x2+5)2

correct working which clearly leads to given answer A1

2x2+10−4x2 2x2+10−4x2
eg , x4+10x2+25
(x2+5)2

10−2x2
f ′(x) = AG N0
(x2+5)2

[4 marks]

24b. Find ∫ 2x [4 marks]

x2+5
dx.
 Markscheme
valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)
1
eg u= x2 + 5, du = 2xdx, 2
ln(x2 + 5)
2x
∫ x2+5
dx = ∫ 1u du (A1)

∫ 1u du = ln u + c (A1)

ln(x2 + 5) + c A1 N4
[4 marks]

24c. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f . [7 marks]

The shaded region is enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis, and the lines x = √5 and x = q.
This region has an area of ln 7. Find the value of q.
 Markscheme
correct expression for area (A1)
q
∫
2x
eg [ln(x2 + 5)]q√5 , √5
x2+5
dx
substituting limits into their integrated function and subtracting (in either order) (M1)
2
eg ln(q 2 + 5) − ln(√5 + 5)

correct working (A1)

q 2+5
eg ln(q 2 + 5) − ln 10, ln 10

equating their expression to ln 7 (seen anywhere) (M1)

q 2+5
eg ln(q 2 + 5) − ln 10 = ln 7, ln 10
= ln 7, ln(q 2 + 5) = ln 7 + ln 10
correct equation without logs (A1)
q 2+5
eg 10
= 7, q 2 + 5 = 70
q 2 = 65 (A1)
q = √65 A1 N3

Note: Award A0 for q = ±√65.

[7 marks]

The following diagram shows part of the graph of

 The following diagram shows part of the graph of
y = f(x).

The graph has a local maximum at

A, where
x = −2, and a local minimum at
B, where
x = 6.

25a. On the following axes, sketch the graph of y = f ′ (x). [4 marks]

Markscheme

A1A1A1A1 N4

Note: Award A1 for x-intercept in circle at −2, A1 for x-intercept in circle at 6.

Award A1 for approximately correct shape.
Only if this A1 is awarded, award A1 for a negative y-intercept.

[4 marks]

(0), ′ (6), ′′ (−2)

25b. Write down the following in order from least to greatest: f(0), f ′ (6), f ′′ (−2). [2 marks]

Markscheme
f ′′ (−2), f ′(6), f(0) A2 N2
[2 marks]

Consider the functions

f(x) ,
g(x) and
h(x) . The following table gives some valuesassociated with these functions.

26a. Write down the value of g(3) , of f ′ (3) , and of h′′ (2) . [3 marks]

Markscheme
g(3) = −18 , f ′(3) = 1 , h′′ (2) = −6 A1A1A1 N3
[3 marks]

The following diagram shows parts of the graphs of

 The following diagram shows parts of the graphs of
h and
h′′ .

There is a point of inflexion on the graph of

h at P, when
x=3.

26b. Explain why P is a point of inflexion. [2 marks]

Markscheme
h′′ (3) = 0 (A1)
valid reasoning R1
eg h′′ changes sign at x = 3 , change in concavity of h at x = 3
so P is a point of inflexion AG N0
[2 marks]

Given that
h(x) = f(x) × g(x) ,

26c. find the y-coordinate of P. [2 marks]

Markscheme
writing h(3) as a product of f(3) and g(3) A1
eg f(3) × g(3) , 3 × (−18)
h(3) = −54 A1 N1
[2 marks]

26d. find the equation of the normal to the graph of h at P. [7 marks]

 Markscheme
recognizing need to find derivative of h (R1)
eg h′ , h′(3)
attempt to use the product rule (do not accept h′ = f ′ × g ′ ) (M1)
eg h′ = fg ′ + gf ′ , h′ (3) = f(3) × g ′ (3) + g(3) × f ′ (3)
correct substitution (A1)
eg h′ (3) = 3(−3) + (−18) × 1
h′(3) = −27 A1
attempt to find the gradient of the normal (M1)
1 1
eg − m , − 27 x
attempt to substitute their coordinates and their normal gradient into the equation of a
line (M1)
1 1 1
eg −54 = 27
(3) +b, 0= 27
(3) + b , y + 54 = 27(x − 3) , y − 54 = 27
(x + 3)
correct equation in any form A1 N4
1 1
eg y + 54 = 27
(x − 3) , y = 27
x − 54 19
[7 marks]

27. A rocket moving in a straight line has velocity v km s –1 and displacement s km at time [7 marks]
t seconds. The velocity v is given by v(t) = 6e2t + t . When t = 0 , s = 10 .
Find an expression for the displacement of the rocket in terms of t .

Markscheme
evidence of anti-differentiation (M1)
eg ∫ (6e2t + t)
t2
s = 3e2t + 2
+C A2A1
t2
Note: Award A2 for 3e2t , A1 for 2
.

attempt to substitute ( 0, 10) into their integrated expression (even if C is missing) (M1)
correct working (A1)
eg 10 = 3 + C , C = 7
t2
s = 3e2t + 2
+7 A1 N6

Note: Exception to the FT rule. If working shown, allow full FT on incorrect integration which
must involve a power of e.
[7 marks]

Let
 Let
f(x) = sin x + 12 x2 − 2x , for
0≤x≤π.

28a. Find f ′ (x) . [3 marks]

Markscheme
f ′(x) = cos x + x − 2 A1A1A1 N3
Note: Award A1 for each term.
[3 marks]

Let
g be a quadratic function such that
g(0) = 5 . The line
x = 2 is the axis of symmetry of the graph of
g.

28b. Find g(4) . [3 marks]

Markscheme
recognizing g(0) = 5 gives the point ( 0, 5) (R1)
recognize symmetry (M1)
eg vertex, sketch

g(4) = 5 A1 N3
[3 marks]

The function
 The function
g can be expressed in the form
g(x) = a(x − h)2 + 3 .

28c. (i) Write down the value of h . [4 marks]

(ii) Find the value of a .

Markscheme
(i) h=2 A1 N1

(ii) substituting into g(x) = a(x − 2)2 + 3 (not the vertex) (M1)
eg 5 = a(0 − 2)2 + 3 , 5 = a(4 − 2)2 + 3
working towards solution (A1)
eg 5 = 4a + 3 , 4a = 2
1
a= 2
A1 N2

[4 marks]

28d. Find the value of x for which the tangent to the graph of f is parallel to the tangent to [6 marks]
the graph of g .

Markscheme
g(x) = 12 (x − 2)2 + 3 = 12 x2 − 2x + 5
correct derivative of g A1A1
1
eg 2 × 2
(x − 2) , x − 2
evidence of equating both derivatives (M1)
eg f ′ = g ′
correct equation (A1)
eg cos x + x − 2 = x − 2
working towards a solution (A1)
eg cos x = 0 , combining like terms
x= π
2
A1 N0

Note: Do not award final A1 if additional values are given.

[6 marks]

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