This document summarizes key aspects of engine cycles, including:
1) It describes the ideal Carnot cycle and its four reversible processes of isothermal heat addition, isentropic expansion, isothermal heat rejection, and isentropic compression.
2) It provides an overview of reciprocating engines, distinguishing between spark ignition (Otto cycle) and compression-ignition (Diesel cycle) engines.
3) For the Otto cycle, it outlines the four processes of isentropic compression, constant-volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant-volume heat rejection that make up the ideal cycle.
This document summarizes key aspects of engine cycles, including:
1) It describes the ideal Carnot cycle and its four reversible processes of isothermal heat addition, isentropic expansion, isothermal heat rejection, and isentropic compression.
2) It provides an overview of reciprocating engines, distinguishing between spark ignition (Otto cycle) and compression-ignition (Diesel cycle) engines.
3) For the Otto cycle, it outlines the four processes of isentropic compression, constant-volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant-volume heat rejection that make up the ideal cycle.
This document summarizes key aspects of engine cycles, including:
1) It describes the ideal Carnot cycle and its four reversible processes of isothermal heat addition, isentropic expansion, isothermal heat rejection, and isentropic compression.
2) It provides an overview of reciprocating engines, distinguishing between spark ignition (Otto cycle) and compression-ignition (Diesel cycle) engines.
3) For the Otto cycle, it outlines the four processes of isentropic compression, constant-volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant-volume heat rejection that make up the ideal cycle.
This document summarizes key aspects of engine cycles, including:
1) It describes the ideal Carnot cycle and its four reversible processes of isothermal heat addition, isentropic expansion, isothermal heat rejection, and isentropic compression.
2) It provides an overview of reciprocating engines, distinguishing between spark ignition (Otto cycle) and compression-ignition (Diesel cycle) engines.
3) For the Otto cycle, it outlines the four processes of isentropic compression, constant-volume heat addition, isentropic expansion, and constant-volume heat rejection that make up the ideal cycle.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 2
FORMULAS FOR ENGINE CYCLE
Gas Power Cycle 3. The combustion process is replaced by a
heat-addition process from an external Carnot Cycle (Highest Thermal Efficiency) source. W net 4. The exhaust process is replaced by a ηth = Q¿ heat-rejection process that restores the working fluid to its initial state. Reciprocating Engines 1. Spark Ignition (SI) engines 2. Compression-ignition (CI) engines Compression Ratio (RC)
4 Reversible Processes in Carnot Cycle V max V BDC
RC = = V min V TDC 1. Isothermal Heat Addition 2. Isentropic Expansion W net =MEP × Piston Area × Stroke=MEP× Displacement Vo 3. Isothermal Heat Rejection 4. Isentropic Compression Where: W net MEP= w net V max −V m ∈¿ = ¿ v max −v min
OTTO CYCLE (Spark Ignition (SI) engines)
Strokes Two-stroke engines are generally less efficient than their four-stroke counterparts but are relatively simple and inexpensive, and they have high power-to-weight and power-to- volume ratios. TL ηth .Carnot =1− Processes of the Ideal Otto Cycle TH 1-2 Isentropic Compression AIR-STANDARD ASSUMPTIONS 2-3 Constant-volume heat addition 1. The working fluid is air, which continuously circulates in a closed loop 3-4 Isentropic expansion and always behaves as an ideal gas. 4-1 Constant-volume heat rejection 2. All the processes that make up the cycle Four-stroke cycle are internally reversible. 1 cycle = 4 strokes = 2 revolutions Two-stroke cycle 1 cycle = 2 stroke = 1 revolution
DIESEL CYCLE (Compression-ignition (CI)
engines) Processes of the Ideal Diesel Cycle 1-2 Isentropic Compression 2-3 Constant-volume heat addition 3-4 Isentropic expansion 4-1 Constant-volume heat rejection In diesel engines, the spark plug is replaced by a fuel injector, and only air is compressed during the compression process.