2022 HCI Preliminary Examination H2 Mathematics Paper 1

x −1 x − 2
1 (i) Solve algebraically the inequality  . [3]
x − 2 x −1
x −1 2x − 3
(ii) Given that f ( x ) = , state the value of a such that f ( x − a ) = . [1]
x−2 2x − 5
2x − 3 2x − 5
(iii) Hence solve  . [2]
2x − 5 2x − 3

2 In the figure below, ABC is an equilateral triangle of length 2k units while ABD is a
triangle where AD is of length k units and CAD is x radians.
A

2k
x
k
B

C
(i) (
Show that BD 2 = k 2 5 − 2 cos x + 2 3 sin x . ) [2]

(ii) Given that x is sufficiently small such that x 3 and higher powers of x may be
neglected, find an approximation in x for the length BD, leaving your answers
in exact form and in terms of k. [4]

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1 +
3 It is given that ur = , r .
r!

r 2 + r −1
(i) Show that ur − 2ur +1 + ur + 2 = . [1]
( r + 2 )!
r 2 + r −1
n 
r 2 + r −1
(ii) Hence find  in terms of n and determine the value of  .
r =1 ( r + 2 ) ! r =1 ( r + 2 ) !

[3]
(iii) Using an expansion from the List of Formulae MF26 and the answer in part (ii),
 
r 2 + r −1 
find the exact value of   ur − . [2]
r =1  ( r + 2 )! 

4 A curve C has equation x 2 − 3 y 2 = 3 .

(i) Sketch C, giving the equations of asymptote(s) and axial intercept(s) in exact
form. [3]
(ii) A complex number is given by z = x + iy , where x and y are real.

Given that Re ( z ) is positive, and that x and y satisfy the equation x 2 − 3 y 2 = 3 ,

state the behaviour of the argument of z when Re ( z ) →  . [3]

x3
5 A function is defined as f ( x ) = where k is a constant.
x2 + k
(a) If k  0 , show that f is an increasing function. [2]

(b) If k = −3 ,

(i) sketch the graph of y = f ( x ) , indicating clearly the coordinates of any

axial intercept(s), turning point(s) and equation(s) of asymptote(s). [3]

( x − 3)
2
y2
(ii) A curve C has equation + = 1 , where a is a positive constant.
9 a
Determine the range of values of a such that C intersects y = f ( x ) at
more than 3 points. [2]

© HCI 2022
 3

6 The function f is defined by

 5 + ln x for 0  x  1,
f :x  2
− x + 6 x for 1  x  a,

where a is a constant.
(i) Given that f has an inverse, determine the range of values of a. [2]
(ii) Given that a satisfies the range of values found in part (i), sketch the graph of f,
indicating clearly the coordinates of the end point(s) in terms of a. [2]

(iii) Find f −1 in similar form. [3]

w tan −1 w dw .
2
7 (i) Find [4]

1
(ii) The curve C is given by the equation y = ( 3x − 1) tan −1 ( 3 x − 1) , where x  .
3

The region R is bounded by C, the axes and the line y = . Using your result
2
in part (i), find the exact volume generated when R is rotated 2 radians about
the x-axis. [4]

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 4

8 Do not use a graphing calculator for this question.

(i) The complex number a + i is a root of the equation z 2 − 2 2 z + b = 0 where a

and b are positive real constants. Find the exact values of a and b. [3]

It is given that f ( z ) = z 6 − 3z 4 + 11z 2 − 9 .

(ii) Show that f ( z ) = f ( − z ) . [1]

(iii) It is given that a + i is a root of the equation f ( z ) = 0 . Using the results found
in parts (i) and (ii), show that f ( z ) can be factorised into 3 quadratic factors
with real coefficients, leaving your answer in exact form. [4]

9 A curve C is given by the equation

e x y = ln x 2 ,
2

where x  0 .
dy 2
Show that 2 x ln x 2 + e x = .
2
(i) [2]
dx x
(ii) Find the equation of the tangent to C at the point P where x = 1 . Given that the
tangent at P meets C again at the point Q, find the coordinates of Q, leaving
your answer correct to 5 significant figures. [4]
(iii) Determine the acute angle, in degrees, between the tangents to C at the points
P and Q. [3]

10 With reference to the origin O , the position vectors of the points A and B are given as
a and b respectively. It is given that the area of triangle OAB is 16 units2 and
b = 5 units .

(i) Find the exact value of a  d , where d is a unit vector of b . Give the
geometrical interpretation of a  d in relation to the triangle OAB. [3]

It is also given that a = 8 and AOB is obtuse.

(ii) Find the value of a b . [3]

(iii) The point C divides AB in the ratio  :1 −  , where 0    1 , and

401
c= units. By considering a suitable scalar product, find the vector(s)
7
OC in terms of a and b . [4]

© HCI 2022
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11 Sam wishes to build a kite made with two wooden sticks placed perpendicular to each
other, forming the diagonals of the kite AC and BD. BD is given to be 2x cm. The
perimeter of the kite is to be made from four plastic straws, two of which have fixed
lengths a cm each and the other two have fixed lengths b cm each as shown in the
diagram below. D
b cm
a cm
2x cm
A C

a cm
b cm
B
(a) (i) Show that the surface area of one side of the kite, K cm2, is given by

K = x a 2 − x2 + x b2 − x2 [2]

(ii) The surface area of a kite is one of the key factors that affect the
aerodynamic forces on the flight of kites. To catch as much wind as
possible, Sam wishes to maximise the surface area of his kite. Using
differentiation, find the value of x in terms of a and b , such that K is
maximised. You do not need to show that K is maximum. [4]

(iii) Hence find the length of the wooden stick AC in terms of a and b
when K is maximum. [2]
(iv) Using the result in part (iii), deduce the angle between the two straws,
AB and BC , when K is maximised. [1]

(b) Sam tests his kite at an open area, and he wants to fly his kite at a fixed vertical
height of 30 m above the horizontal ground as shown in the diagram below. The
wind blows the kite horizontally from point P to Q with a speed of 2.4 m/s. The
string attached to the kite is temporarily tied to the point O on the horizontal
ground. Find the rate at which the angle made between the string and the
horizontal,  measured in radians, is decreasing at the instant when Sam lets
out 10 10 m of his string. 2.4 m/s [4]
P Q

30 m
string

O horizontal ground

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12 A cargo drone is used to unload First Aid kit at an accident location in a remote
mountain area. The First Aid kit is unloaded vertically through air. The speed of the
kit, v ms-1, is the rate of change of distance, x m, of the kit measured vertically away
from the drone with respect to time, t seconds.

(i) Write down a differential equation relating v, x and t . [1]

The motion of the First Aid kit is modelled by the differential equation
2
d2 x  dx 
+    = 10 , (A)
dt 2
 dt 

where  is a constant.

(ii) By using the result in part (i), show that the differential equation (A) can be
expressed as
dv
= 10 − v 2 . [1]
dt
dv
It is given that when t = 0 , v = 0 . It is also given that = 4.375 when v = 1.5 .
dt
(iii) Find the value of  . By solving the differential equation in part (ii), show that
k − ke −10 t
v= ,
m + e −10 t
where k and m are constants to be determined. [4]
dx d2 x
(iv) Sketch the graph of v against t and describe the behaviour of and 2 in
dt dt
the long run. [4]
(v) Show that the area under the graph in part (iv) bounded by the lines t = 0 and
2  eT + e− T 
t = T can be expressed as ln   , where  is a positive integer to
5  2 
be determined. [3]
2  eT + e− T 
(vi) What can be said about ln   in the context of this question? [1]
5  2 

© HCI 2022
 HWA CHONG INSTITUTION
2022 JC2 Preliminary Examination
Higher 2
9758/02

MATHEMATICS 16 September 2022

3 hours
Candidate CT
Name Group 21
Centre Index
Number
S Number

Write here how many additional pieces of

For Examiner’s Use
writing paper you have used (if any).
Qn Marks Total Remarks
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
1 4
Additional materials: List of Formulae (MF26)
2 6
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Do not write anything on the List of Formulae (MF26). 3 7

Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use HB pencil for any 4 9
diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or
correction fluid.
5 14
Answer all the questions. Write your answers in the spaces
provided in the Question Paper.
6 6
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures,
or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different 7 8
level of accuracy is specified in the question.

You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator. 8 9

Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless 9 11

a question specifically states otherwise.

Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not 10 13

allowed in a question, you are required to present the mathematical
steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands. 11 13
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your
answers. 100
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each
question or part of question.

Remarks
a) INSTR: Follow instructions as stated in Question (e.g. correct s.f , exact values, coordinates, similar form etc.)
b) NOT: Correct Mathematical Notations
c) ACC: Accuracy of Answers (e.g. affected by early rounding off, not writing +C for indefinite integrals etc.)

This document consists of 31 printed pages and 1 blank page.

 2

Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1 State a sequence of 3 transformations that will transform the curve with equation y = x 2
onto the curve with equation y = − x 2 + 3x − 4 . [4]

2 A curve C has parametric equations


x = sin t tan t , y = cos t , where 0  t  .
2
(i) Sketch C , stating the equation(s) of any asymptote(s) and coordinates of any
axial intercept(s). [2]
1 1
(ii) The region A is bounded by C , the y-axis and the lines y = and y = .
2 2
Find the exact area of A. [4]


3 The complex number z is given by z = 2 ( cos  + i sin  ) where 0    .
2
z
(i) Show that = ( k cosec  ) i , where k is a positive real constant to be
4 − z2
determined. [3]
(ii) Given that the complex number w = − 3 + i , find the three smallest positive
 z  * n
2 (
integer values of n such that  w ) is a real number. [4]
 4− z 

k 1  r +1 
4 (a) (i) Find   −  + ln ( r + 1)  in terms of k. Simplify your answer.
 2 
r =1  
[4]
  1  r +1

(ii) Hence determine if   −  + ln ( r + 1)  exists. [1]
 2 
r =1  

(b) The first term of an arithmetic series is positive. The sum of the first 6 terms of
the series is 4.5, and the product of the first four terms of the series is 0. Find
the 13th term of the series. [4]

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5 The diagram below shows a 3-dimensional structure in which a pentahedron

DEFGMN lies on top of a trapezoidal prism OABCDEFG . Taking O as the origin,
perpendicular vectors i and j are parallel to OA and OC respectively. The base of the
structure sits on the horizontal x–y plane.

M N

G F

D 10 E

kC B
j 3
i 6

Planes OABC and DEFG are parallel to each other. It is given that OC , AB, DG and
EF are parallel to one another where OC = AB = DG = EF = 3 units . It is also given
that OA, CB, DE , GF and MN are parallel to one another where
OA = CB = MN = 6 units and DE = GF = 10 units. The pentahedron DEFGMN and
the trapezoidal prism OABCDEFG each has a height of 12 units.

(i) The point D has coordinates ( −2, 0, s ) . State the value of s . [1]
1
 
(ii) The line DM is parallel to the vector  1  and the plane ABFE has equation
t 
 
6 x = 36 + z . It is given that the line DM does not intersect with the plane
ABFE. Find the value of t . [2]
6
 
(iii) Show that the equation of the plane DGM is given by r  0  = k , where k
 −1
 
is a constant to be determined. [2]
(iv) Find the acute angle between the planes DGM and DEFG. [3]
(v) Find the coordinates of M and the exact shortest distance from M to the plane
ABFE . [4]

(vi) Another plane  has cartesian equation x = c , where c is a constant. If the

three planes OAED , EFN and  all intersect at the point E, find the value of
c , showing your working clearly . [2]

Section B: Probability and Statistics [60 marks]

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6 Toddler Roy is playing with a shape sorter toy set which has a box that has a triangle
hole and a square hole. The toy set also comes with a triangle block and a square block.
The box will light up if the triangle block is correctly placed into the triangle hole.

(a) Roy picks one of the two blocks and place it into the shape sorter box. There is
a probability of 0.9 that Roy will correctly place the chosen block into the hole
of the same shape. If he correctly places a chosen block into the shape sorter
box, there is a probability of 0.4 that it is a square block. Find the probability
that the shape sorter box will not light up. [3]

(b) Roy’s mother took the two blocks that Roy has and adds 4 more identical
triangle blocks and r more identical square blocks, where r  3 . All the blocks
are given to his sister, Joy, to randomly select 5 blocks without replacement.
Suppose the probability of Joy choosing exactly 2 square blocks is twice the
probability of Joy choosing exactly 4 square blocks, find the value of r. [3]

7 A company uses a machine to produce chocolate bars. The machine is designed to

produce chocolate bars with average fat content of 30 g.
After using the machine for many years, the manager wishes to test, at 5% level of
significance, if the machine still maintains the average fat content in the chocolate bars
at 30 g. He selects a sample of 40 chocolate bars for testing.
(i) State, giving a reason, whether it is necessary to assume that the fat content of
the chocolate bars is normally distributed for the test to be valid. [1]
After some years of usage, the machine broke down. While waiting for the new machine
to arrive, the company reverted to their traditional mode of producing handmade
chocolate bars. The manager suspects that handmade chocolate bars have higher
average fat content than those made by the machines. To verify his suspicion, the
manager asked his staff to perform a hypothesis test at 5% significance level, on a
random sample of 40 handmade chocolate bars.
The fat content, x grams, of the 40 handmade chocolate bars are summarised as follows:

 x = 1220 ,  ( x − 30.5) = 50 .
2

(ii) Calculate the unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance of the fat
content in handmade chocolate bars. [2]

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 5

(iii) The sample mean fat content of the handmade chocolate bars is denoted by
x grams . State the null and alternate hypotheses and calculate the range of
values of x for which the null hypothesis would be rejected at 5% level of
significance. Hence conclude if the manager’s suspicion is valid at 5%
significance level. [4]
(iv) The manager now knows the population variance of the fat content in handmade
chocolate bars. It is given that the population variance is smaller than the
unbiased estimate of the population variance calculated in part (ii). Without
carrying out another hypothesis test, explain with justification, if there will be a
change in the manager’s conclusion about his suspicion at 5% significance level.
[1]

8 A school canteen committee consists of 4 parents, 2 student leaders and 4 teachers,

chosen from 10 parents, 5 student leaders and 8 teachers.

(a) There is a married couple amongst the 10 parents. How many different canteen
committees can be formed if the couple cannot serve on the committee together?
[3]

The school canteen committee of 10 members has been formed.

(b) All members are to stand in a row to take a group photo with the Vice-Principal.
Find the number of arrangements such that the Vice-Principal stands at the
centre, both ends of the row are occupied by the students’ leaders, and no two
parents stand next to each other. [3]

(c) The committee members, together with the Vice-Principal, are seated at a round
table with 11 chairs during lunch time. Find the probability that the parents are
seated together and the teachers are separated. [3]

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9 Abel has 1 white bag of marbles and 1 black bag of cards and he uses them to create a
game. The white bag contains 2 red marbles, x blue marbles and 2 x − 1 yellow marbles,
where x  1 . The black bag has 3 cards, and the cards are numbered with the number
‘0’, ‘1’ and ‘2’ respectively.

In each round, Abel will first choose a marble randomly from the white bag. A red
marble will give a score of 4. If a non-red marble is chosen, Abel will then choose a
card randomly from his black bag. The score will then be twice of the number shown
on the card drawn.

(i) Find the probability that Abel will get a score of 4 in a round of the game. Leave
your answer in terms of x. [2]
(ii) Find the probability distribution of Abel’s score in a round of the game in terms
of x . [2]
(iii) State the mode of Abel’s score in a round of the game. [1]
(iv) Show that the variance of Abel’s score in a round of the game is
60 x + 76 36 ( x + 1)
2
− . [3]
3 ( 3x + 1) ( 3x + 1)2
(v) Given that x = 3 and that Abel plays 100 rounds of the game, find the
probability that the average score is not less than 2.5. [3]

10 (a) Draw the regression line of y on x and x on y on the diagram below, indicating
the residual of one of the data points for each line. Hence describe the difference
between the regression line of y on x and x on y. [3]
y

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 7

(b) Table A below shows the duration, t minutes, a diver can stay at different
depths, d feet, below sea level.
Table A
d 50 60 70 80 90 100
t 80 55 45 35 25 22

(i) Sketch a scatter diagram of the data. [1]

(ii) Using the scatter diagram in part (i), explain which of the following three
models below is the most appropriate model for modelling the
relationship between d and t .

(I) t = ad + b where a  0 ,

1
(II) t = a   + b where a  0 , or
d 

(III) t = aed + b where a  0 .

State the equation of the regression line and the product moment
correlation coefficient for the model, leaving your answers correct to 3
decimal places. [4]

(iii) Use your equation of the regression line from part (ii) to estimate the
duration the diver can stay when he is 150 feet below sea level. Explain
whether your estimate is reliable. [2]

(iv) A distance of 1 metre is equivalent to 3.28 feet. Re-write your equation

from part (ii) so that it can be used to estimate the duration the diver can
stay when he is at depth, D metres, below sea level. [1]

(v) A new data pair ( d ', t ') is added to the data set given in Table A. If the
product moment correlation coefficient found in part (ii) does not
change with the addition of ( d ', t ') , find a possible ( d ', t ') . [2]

© HCI 2022 [Turn over

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11 A cafeteria installed a vending machine which dispenses two types of coffee into
disposable cups as follows:

(I) Black coffee, X ml, normally distributed with mean 1 ml and standard
deviation 11.83 ml, or
(II) White coffee, by first releasing a quantity of black coffee, Y ml, normally
distributed with mean  2 ml and standard deviation 11.83 ml and then adding
milk, M ml, normally distributed with mean 35 ml and standard deviation
5.92 ml .

Given that P( X  175) = P(Y  150), show that 1 + 2 = 325. [2]

For the rest of this question, assume that 1 = 180.

(i) Find the probability that the total volume of 2 randomly chosen cups of black
coffee exceeds twice the volume of a randomly chosen cup of white coffee by
less than 15 ml. State an assumption that is needed for your calculation to be
valid. [4]

(ii) The black coffee is sold at $4 per cup while the white coffee is sold at $5 per
cup. The cost of ingredients for the black coffee is 1 cent per ml and the cost of
ingredients for the milk is 2 cents per ml. 100 cups of coffee are sold per day,
n of which are black coffee and the rest are white coffee. Find the largest value
of n such that the probability of the total profit earned per day exceeding $230
is at least 0.8. [4]

To boost the sales of coffee from the vending machine, if the volume of the coffee
dispensed falls below a certain level, the customer receives the drink free of charge. It
is given that p% of the customers who selected black coffee received the drink free of
charge.
From a large number of customers who selected black coffee, three customers are
chosen at random.

(iii) State, in terms of p, the probability that exactly one of the three customers
receives the drink free of charge. [1]
(iv) Given that the probability of exactly one of the three customers receiving the
drink free of charge is at most 0.1, find the range of values of p . [2]

© HCI 2022
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
1(i) x −1 x − 2

x − 2 x −1
x −1 x − 2
− 0
x − 2 x −1
( x − 1)2 − ( x − 2 )2
0
( x − 2 )( x − 1)
( x − 1 − x + 2 )( x − 1 + x − 2 )
0
( x − 2 )( x − 1)
( 2 x − 3)
0
( x − 2 )( x − 1)
- + - +

1 2

3
 x  1 or x2
2
(ii) x −1
f ( x) =
x−2
 1
 x −  −1
 1
f x− = 
2
 2  1 
x− −2
 2
2x − 3
=
2x − 5

OR
x −1 1
= 1+
x−2 x−2
1
 Replace x with x −
2
2x − 3 2
= 1+
2x − 5 2x − 5

1
 a=
2
(iii) 1
Replace x with x − ,
2
1 3 1
x−  1 or  x−  2
2 2 2

3 5
 x or 2  x 
2 2

1|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
2(i) Using cosine rule,
BD 2 = AD 2 + AB 2 − 2 ( AD )( AB ) cos BAD
 
= k 2 + 4k 2 − 4k 2 cos  x + 
 3
  
= 5k 2 − 4k 2  cos x cos − sin x sin 
 3 3
(
= k 2 5 − 2 cos x + 2 3 sin x ) (Shown ) .

(ii) Since x is sufficiently small, then sin x  x and

x2
cos x  1 − .
2

  x2  
BD 2  k 2 5 − 2 1 −  + 2 3 ( x ) 
  2  

( )
1

BD = k 3 + 2 3 x + x 2 2

1
  2 x x2  2
= 3k 1 +  + 
  3 3 

 1  2 x x2 
= 3k 1 +  + +
1 −1
2 2 ( )(
 2x x2 
2 
+  + ...
)
 2  3 3  2!

 3 3  
 
 x x2 1  4 x2 
 3k 1 + + −  
 3 6 8  3 
= 3k + kx
3(i) RHS = ur − 2ur +1 + ur + 2
1 2 1
= − +
r ! ( r + 1) ! ( r + 2 )!

=
( r + 1)( r + 2 ) − 2 ( r + 2 ) + 1
( r + 2 )!
r 2 + 3r + 2 − 2r − 4 + 1
=
( r + 2 )!
r 2 + r −1
= (Shown)
( r + 2 )!

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
(ii) n
r 2 + r −1 n

r =1 ( r + 2 ) !
=  ( ur − 2ur +1 + ur + 2 )
r =1

= u1 − 2u2 + u3
+u2 − 2u3 + u4
+u3 − 2u4 + u5

+un − 2 − 2un −1 + un
+un −1 − 2un + un +1
+un − 2un +1 + un + 2
= u1 − 2u2 + u2 + un +1 − 2un +1 + un + 2
1 1 2 1
= 1 −1 + + − +
2 ( n + 1) ! ( n + 1) ! ( n + 2 )!
1 1 1
= − +
2 ( n + 1) ! ( n + 2 ) !

1 1
As n →  , − + → 0.
( n + 1)! ( n + 2 )!

r 2 + r −1 1
 =
r =1 ( r + 2 ) ! 2

(iii) From MF26, see that

1 1 1
e = 1 + 1 + + + ... + + ...
2! 3! r!

1
= 1+ 
r =1 r !

= 1 +  ur
r =1

 
r 2 + r −1 
   ur − 
r =1  ( r + 2 )! 
1
= e −1−
2
3
=e−
2

3|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
4(i)
y

O x

(ii) Re ( z ) →   x → 
As x →  , y →  1 x
3
i.e. arg ( z ) = tan −1  y  → tan −1   1  =  
x  3 6
From the graph, z satisfies the right side of the hyperbola.
Re ( z ) → 
When y  0 ,
arg ( z ) increases from 0 to

6
When y  0 ,
arg ( z ) decreases from 0 to −

6
5(a) x 3
kx
f ( x) = 2 = x− 2
x +k x +k

4|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
k ( x 2 + k ) − 2 x ( kx )
f '( x) = 1−
( x2 + k )
2

(x + k ) − ( k 2 − kx 2 )
2 2

=
(x + k)
2 2

x 4 + 2kx 2 + k 2 − k 2 + kx 2
=
(x + k)
2 2

x 4 + 3kx 2
=
(x + k)
2 2

x 2 ( x 2 + 3k )
=
(x + k)
2 2

Since k  0 , x 2 ( x 2 + 3k )  0 and ( x 2 + k )  0 , f ' ( x )  0 . Therefore f is an increasing

2

function. (Shown)

(b)(i) When k = −3 ,
x3 3x
f ( x) = 2 = x− 2
x −3 x −3
Vertical asymptotes: x =  3
Oblique asymptote: y = x

When f ' ( x ) = 0 ,
x4 − 9 x2 = 0
x2 ( x2 − 9) = 0
x = 0 or x = 3
y
Turning points:
( 0, 0 ) ,  3,  ,  −3, − 
9 9
 2  2
Axial intercept: ( 0, 0 ) y=x

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
(iii)
y

y=x

For equation to have more than 3 real roots,

81
a .
4

6(i) Complete the square

− x 2 + 6 x = −[ x 2 − 6 x] = −( x − 3)2 + 9
y
(3, 9)

(1, 5)
x

For f to be 1-1 on [1, a], a  3

 the range of values of a is 1  a  3
(ii)

y
(a, )

(1, 5)

x=0

6|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions

(iii) Let y = f ( x )  x = f −1 ( y )

For 0  x  1

5 + ln x = y
ln x = y − 5
x = e y −5 , y  5

For 0  x  a  3
y = −( x − 3)2 + 9
( x − 3)2 = 9 − y
x = 3 9− y
Since x  3
x = 3 − 9 − y , 5  y  −a 2 + 6a

−1
 e x −5 , x5
f : x 
3 − 9 − x , 5  x  − a 2 + 6a
7(i)
w tan −1 w dw
2

w3 1 w3
= tan −1 w −  dw
3 3 1 + w2
w3 1 w
= tan −1 w −  w − 2 dw
3 3 w +1
w3 w2 1
= tan −1 w − + ln( w2 + 1) + C
3 6 6
(ii)
y

O x

Volume generated by R
2
   2 2

= ( )     −  1 ( 3 x − 1) tan ( 3 x − 1) dx
3 2 −1

 2  3 3

7|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
From (i),

w3 w2 1
 w tan w dw =
−1
2
tan −1 w − + ln( w2 + 1) + C
3 6 6
Let
dw
w = 3x − 1  =3
dx
2

1
3
( 3x − 1)2 tan −1 ( 3 x − 1) dx
3

1 1
=  ( w )2 tan −1 ( w ) dw
3 0
1
1  w3 w2 1 
=  tan −1 w − + ln( w2 + 1) 
3 3 6 6 0
1 1 1 
=  − + ln 2 
3 12 6 6 

Volume generated by R
2
   2 2

= ( )     −  1 ( 3x − 1) tan ( 3 x − 1) dx
3 2 −1

 2  3 3

2   1 1 
= −  − + ln 2 
6 3 12 6 6 
5 2
 
= + − ln 2 unit3
36 18 18
8(i) Since the coefficients of the polynomial are all real and a + i is a root, then a − i is also a
root.

z 2 − 2 2 z + b =  z − ( a + i )   z − ( a − i ) 
= z 2 − 2az + ( a 2 + 1)

By comparing z term, −2 2 = −2a

a= 2.

( 2)
2
By comparing constant term, b = a 2 + 1 = +1 = 3 .

Alternative Method
( a + i )2 − 2 2 ( a + i ) + b = 0
( a2 −1 − 2
2a + b ) + ( 2a − 2 2 ) i = 0
By comparing real and imaginary parts,

8|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
( 2a − 2 2 ) = 0
a= 2

a 2 − 1 − 2 2a + b = 0
2 −1 − 4 + b = 0
b=3
f ( − z ) = ( − z ) − 3 ( − z ) + 11( − z ) − 9
6 4 2
(ii)

= z 6 − 3 z 4 + 11z 2 − 9
= f (z)
(iii) Since the coefficients of f ( z ) are all real and 2 + i is a root, then 2 − i is also a root.
Thus z 2 − 2 2 z + 3 is a quadratic factor of f ( z ) .

Since f ( z ) = f ( − z ) , then − 2 + i and − 2 − i are also roots of f ( z ) = 0 .

( ) (
z − − 2 − i  z − − 2 + i  = z + 2 ) ( )
2
− i2
  
= z2 + 2 2 + 3

Thus z 2 + 2 2 z + 3 is a quadratic factor of f ( z ) .

f ( z ) = z 6 − 3z 4 + 11z 2 − 9

( )( )
= z 2 − 2 2 z + 3 z 2 + 2 2 z + 3 ( z 2 + Cz + D )

By comparing constant term, −9 = 9 D  D = −1

( )( )
f ( z ) = z 2 − 2 2 z + 3 z 2 + 2 2 z + 3 ( z 2 + Cz − 1)

( )
= ( z 2 + 3) − 2 2 z  ( z 2 + Cz − 1)
2 2

 
= ( z 4 + 14 z 2 + 9 ) ( z 2 + Cz − 1)

By comparing coefficient of z term, then 0 = 9Cz  C = 0 .

Therefore,
( )( )
f ( z ) = z 2 − 2 2 z + 3 z 2 + 2 2 z + 3 ( z 2 − 1) .

9|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
e x y = ln x 2
2
9(i)
Differentiating wrt x both sides,
2 dy 1
2 xe x y + e x = 2 ( 2x)
2

dx x
2 dy 2
2 x ln x 2 + e x = (Shown )
dx x
( e x y = ln x 2
2

)
(ii) When x = 1 ,
ln12
y = 12 = 0
e
2
− 2(1) ln12
dy 1 2
= 12
= (from (i))
dx e e

2
Hence equation of tangent at P: y = ( x − 1)
e

Method 1
2 ln x 2
( x − 1) = x2
e e

2 ln x 2
Using GC, another point of intersection between the tangent y = ( x − 1) and C: y = x2
e e
is
Q ( −0.49516, −1.1001) ( to 5 sf ) .
y

2
ln x
y= 2
x
e
P x
1

2
y = ( x − 1)
e

Method 2
2
Substitute y = ( x − 1) into the equation for C:
e

10 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
2 2 
e x  ( x − 1)  = ln x 2 ..... (1)
e 
2 2 
e x  ( x − 1)  − ln x 2 = 0
e 

– 0.495161 x
1

At Q, x = −0.495161
2
y = ( −0.495161 − 1) = −1.100078256
e
Hence, Q ( −0.49516, −1.1001) ( to 5 sf ) .

(iii) At Q,
d  ln ( x ) 
2

 2
 = −4.2502646 (from GC)
dx  e x 
  x =−0.495161
(Alternatively, the above value can be obtained by substituting x = −0.495161 into
equation in (i))

P x

2
 = tan −1   = 36.3441
e
 = tan −1 ( 4.2502646 ) = 76.7603

Required acute angle between the 2 tangents

11 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
= 180 − 36.3441 − 76.7603
= 66.9 (1 d.p.)
10(i) 1
a  b = 16
2 B
=> a  b = 32
A

b
Since bˆ =
b O
 b = b bˆ = 5d
=> a  5d = 32
32
ad =
5

a  d is the shortest distance from A to OB

OR the perpendicular height of the triangle OAB with OB as the base.

(ii) Let  be the angle between a and b

a  b = 32
a b sin  = 32 5
4
4
sin  =
5 θ
3 3
Since  is obtuse, cos  = −
5

a b = a b cos 
 3
a b = ( 8  5 )  −  = −24
 5

(iii)

By ratio theorem,
OC = b + (1 −  ) a

12 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
OC =  b + (1 −  ) a

OC =  b + (1 −  ) a
2 2

401
=   b + (1 −  ) a    b + (1 −  ) a 
49
401
=  2 b + 2  (1 −  ) a b + (1 −  ) a
2 2 2

49
401
= 25 2 − 48 (1 −  ) + 64 (1 −  )
2

49
401 = 1225 2 − 2352 (1 −  ) + 3136 (1 − 2 +  2 )
6713 2 − 8624 + 2735 = 0
5 547
= ,
7 959
2 5 412 547
OC = a + b , OC = a+ b
7 7 959 959

13 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
11(a) Let the point where the diagonals meet be M .
(i)
AM = a 2 − x 2
MC = b 2 − x 2

Method 1:
Area of kite ABCD
= Area of ABD + Area of BDC
1 1
= ( 2 x ) a 2 − x2 + ( 2 x ) b2 − x 2
2 2
= ( x ) a − x + ( x ) b2 − x2
2 2

 K = x a 2 − x2 + x b2 − x2

Method 2:
AC = a 2 − x 2 + b 2 − x 2
Area of kite ABCD
1
= ( AC ) ( BD )
2
= ( a 2 − x 2 + b2 − x 2 ) ( 2 x )
1
2
 K = x a 2 − x2 + x b2 − x2

= ( −2 x ) ( a 2 − x 2 ) + ( a 2 − x 2 ) + ( −2 x ) ( b 2 − x 2 ) + ( b 2 − x 2 )
(a) dK x − 12 1
2 x − 12 1
2

(ii) dx 2 2
dK ( 2  
= a − x2 ) + ( b2 − x2 ) − x2 
1 1
1 1
+
2 2


dx  a −x b −x 
2 2 2 2

 a 2 − x2 + b2 − x2 
= a 2 − x2 + b2 − x2 − x2  
 a 2 − x 2 b 2 − x 2 

=( a −x + b −x
2 2 2 2
) 1 − x2 

 a −x 2 2
b −x 
2 2

dK
For stationary value of K , =0
dx
dK ( a 2 − x 2 + b 2 − x 2 )  a 2 − x 2 b 2 − x 2 − x 2 
= ----(*)
dx a 2 − x2 b2 − x 2

a 2 − x 2  0, b2 − x2  0
a 2 − x 2 + b2 − x 2  0

14 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
a 2 − x2 b2 − x2 − x2 = 0
x2 = a 2 − x2 b2 − x2
x 4 = ( a 2 − x 2 )( b 2 − x 2 )
x 4 = a 2b 2 − x 2 ( a 2 + b 2 ) + x 4
x 2 ( a 2 + b 2 ) = a 2b 2
a 2b 2
x2 =
a 2 + b2
ab
x= , x0
a 2 + b2

Alternative Method:
dK a 2 − 2 x 2 b 2 − 2 x 2
= + =0
dx a2 − x2 b2 − x2
a2 − 2x2 2 x2 − b2
=
a2 − x2 b2 − x2

( a 2 − 2 x2 ) b2 − x2 = ( 2 x 2 − b2 ) a 2 − x 2
( a 2 − 2 x 2 )2 ( b 2 − x 2 ) = ( 2 x 2 − b 2 )2 ( a 2 − x 2 )
( a 4 − 4a 2 x 2 + 4 x 4 )( b 2 − x 2 ) = ( 4 x 4 − 4b 2 x 2 + b 4 )( a 2 − x 2 )
x 2 ( a 4 − b 4 ) = a 4b 2 − a 2b 4
a 2b 2 ( a 2 − b 2 )
x = 2
2
( a − b 2 )( a 2 + b 2 )
a 2b 2
x2 =
( a 2 + b2 )
(a) a 2b 2 a 2b 2
(iii) AC = a 2 − + b 2
−
a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
a 4 + a 2b 2 − a 2b 2 b 4 + a 2b 2 − a 2b 2
= +
a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
a4 b4
= +
a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
a 2 + b2
=
a 2 + b2
 AC = a 2 + b 2
(a) From (iii)
(iv) Since AC 2 = AB 2 + BC 2

 ABC = 90 or radians
2

15 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
(b) Let the horizontal distance travelled by the kite be y m.
30
tan  =
y
 30 
 = tan −1  
 y 
d 1  30 
= − 2 
2
dy  30   y 
1+  
 y 
30
=− 2
y + 302

(10 10 ) dy
2
When y = − 302 = 10 and = 2.4,
dt
d d dy
= 
dt dy dt
30
=− 2 ( 2.4 )
10 + 302
9
=− rad/s
125
9
The angle is decreasing at or 0.072 rad/s
125

Alternatively,
30
tan  =
y
diff wrt t ,
d 30 dy
sec 2  =− 2
dt y dt
2
 10 10 
When OQ = 10 10, y = 10 and sec  =  2
 = 10
 10 
d 30 dy
10 =−
dt 100 dt
d 3
=− ( 2.4 )
dt 100
9
=− rad/s
125
9
The angle is decreasing at or 0.072 rad/s.
125
12(i) dx
v=
dt
16 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
(ii) dx dv d 2 x
Speed v =  =
dt dt dt 2
2
d2 x  dx 
Given 2 +    = 10
dt  dt 
dv
 +  ( v ) = 10
2

dt
dv
 = 10 −  v 2
dt
(iii) d2 x  dx 
2

+    = 10.
dt 2
 dt 
d2 x dx
Given that 2 = 4.375 when = 1.5 .
dt dt
4.375 +  (1.5) = 10
2

5
 =
2
= 10 − v 2 = ( 4 − v 2 )
dv 5 5

dt 2 2
dt 2
 =
dv 5 ( 4 − v 2 )
5 1
 dt =  dv
2 4 − v2
5 1 2+v
 t + C = ln
2 4 2−v
2+v
 10 t + C ' = ln
2−v
2+v
 e10 t +C ' =
2−v
2+v
 Ae10 t = , where A = eC '
2−v
When t = 0, x = 0, v = 0
2 + ( 0)
 Ae0 =
2 − ( 0)
 A =1
2+v
 e10 t =
2−v
 e (2 − v) = 2 + v
10 t

 2e10 t − ve10 t = 2 + v
 2e10 t − 2 = v + ve10 t
2e10 t − 2
 v = 10 t
e +1

17 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
2 − 2e− 10 t
v= where k = 2, m = 1
1 + e − 10 t
(iv) v

O t

dv
As t → , e− 10t → 0 , v → 2 and → 0 according to graph.
dt
dx
Thus will increase and approach 2 m/s.
dt
d 2 x dv
 2 = will decrease and approach 0 m / s2 .
dt dt

(v) v

O t

Area under the graph

− 10 t
T 2 − 2e
0 1 + e− 10 t dt
T e
5t
− e − 5t
= 2 5 t dt
0 e + e − 5t
2 T 5e5 t − 5e − 5t
=  dt
5 0 e5 t + e − 5t
= ln ( e5 t + e− 5 t )
2 T

5 0

= ln ( e5 T + e− 5 T ) − ln ( e0 + e0 )
2
5
2  e5 T + e − 5 T 
= ln   where  = 5
5  2 
Alternative Method:

18 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme

Qn Suggested Solutions
2e10 t − 2
 e10 t + 1 dt
T 2e10 t −2e −10 t
=   10 t − dt
0 e + 1 1 + e −10 t
−10 t
1 T 10e10 t T −10e
=  10 t dt +  dt
5 0 e +1 0 1 + e −10 t

T
1 
=  ln ( e10 t + 1) + ln ( e −10 t + 1) 
1
5 5 o
1  ( e10 T + 1)( e −10 T + 1) 
ln  
5  4 
1  ( e5 T + e −5 T ) 
2

= ln  
5  4 
Alternative Method
T 4e −10 t
0 2 − e−10 t + 1 dt
4 T −10e −10 t
= 2T +  −10 t dt
10 0 e + 1
= 2T + ln (1 + e −10 T ) − ln 2
2 2
5 5
2 2  1 + e −10 t 
= e5T + ln  
5 5  2 
2  e5T + e −5T 
= ln  
5  2 
(v) 2 e +e5T − 5T

ln   represents the distance the First Aid Kit dropped from the cargo drone
5  2 
in T seconds

19 | P a g e
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
1  3 3
2 2

y = − x −  +   − 4
 2 2
2
 3 7
= − x −  −
 2 4

3
1. Translate units in the positive x direction.
2
2. Reflect about the x axis
7
3. Translate units in the negative y direction
4
3
1. Translate units in the positive x direction.
2
7
2. Translate units in the positive y direction
4
3. Reflect about the x axis

2(i) y

(0,1)

y=0 x

(ii) 1

1
2
x dy
dy
2 = − sin t
 dt
= 4 sin t tan t ( − sin t ) dt

3
1
 when y = , t =
= 4 − sin t tan t dt
2
2 3
3 1 
 when y = ,t =
= 4 ( cos 2 t − 1) tan t dt 2 4
3

1|Page
 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions

 4 sin 2t 
=  sin t cos t − tan t dt
4
 =  − tan t dt 
3  3 2 
 
 sin 2 t 4  1 4
= + ln ( cos t )  or  − cos 2t + ln ( cos t ) 
 2   4 
3 3

1  1  3  1 
=  + ln   − − ln   
4  2 8  2 
1
= ln 2 − units 2
8
3(i) Method 1
z = 2 ( cos  + i sin  ) = 2ei
z 2ei
=
4 − z 2 4 − 4ei( 2  )
ei
= i  − i
2e ( e − ei )
1
=−
2 ( e − e − i )
i

=−
1
2 ( 2sin  ) i
( ei − e − i = 2 Im ( ei ) i )
1  1
=  cosec  i where k =
4  4
1
k =
4

Method 2
z 2 cos  + i ( 2sin  )
=
4− z 2
4 − 4 cos  − i ( 8sin  cos  ) + 4sin 2 
2

2 cos  + i ( 2sin  )
=
4 − 4 (1 − sin 2  ) − i (8sin  cos  ) + 4sin 2 
2 cos  + i ( 2sin  )
=
8sin 2  − i ( 8sin  cos  )
i ( 2sin  − 2 cos  i )
=
4sin  ( 2sin  − 2 cos  i )
1  1
=  cosec  i where k =
4  4

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
5
(ii)
(
arg ( w) = arg − 3 + i = ) 6
5
 arg ( w* ) = −
6

 z   1     1
arg  2 
= arg  cosec  i  = , since for 0    , cosec  0 .
 4− z   4   2 2 4

 z  * n 
arg   2 (
 4 − z  
 z 
w )  = arg  2 
 4− z 
(
+ arg ( w* )
n
)
 z 
= arg  2 
+ n arg ( w* )
 4− z 
  5 
= + n− 
2  6 
 5n
= −
2 6

 z  * n  z  * n 
2 (
For  w ) to be a real number, arg   2 (
w )  = k , where k is an integer.
 4− z   4 − z  

Therefore
 5n
− = k
2 6
3 − 6k
n=
5
Hence using GC, the three smallest positive integers are

n = 3 (when k = −2 ),
n = 9 (when k = −7 ),
and n = 15 (when k = −12 ).

Method 2:
arg ( w* ) = n arg ( w* )
n

 5 
= n− 
 6 
 z  * n 
( ) ( )
n
For  2 
w to be a real number, arg w* = + k , where k is an integer.
 4− z  2

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
5n 
− = + k
6 2
3 6k
n=− −
5 5
using GC, the three smallest positive integers are

n = 3 (when k = −3 ),
n = 9 (when k = −8 ),
and n = 15 (when k = −13 ).
4(a) k  r +1

 1
(i)   −  + ln ( r + 1) 
 2 
r =1  
r +1
k
 1 k
=  −  +  ln ( r + 1)
r =1  2 r =1

k  r +1

 1
=   −   + ln 2 + ln 3 + ln 4 + ... + ln ( k + 1)
 2 
r =1  
  1 k 
1 −  −  
 1  2 
=  + ln ( k + 1) !
 4  1  
 1−  − 2  
  
1  1 
k

= 1 −  −   + ln ( k + 1) !
6   2  

4 As k →  ,
(a)  1   1 k   1
(ii) lim  1 −  −    =
   2    6
k → 6


lim ln ( k + 1)! = 
k →

Therefore, the sum to infinity of the series does not exist.

(b) Let a be the first term of AP and d be the common difference.

S6 = 4.5
6
 ( 2a + 5d ) = 4.5
2
 2a + 5d = 1.5

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
u1u2u3u4 = 0
 a ( a + d )( a + 2d )( a + 3d ) = 0
a a
 d = −a or − or −
2 3

When d = −a ,
 2a + 5 ( − a ) = 1.5
1
a=− (rej. a  0)
2

a
When d = − ,
2
 −a 
 2a + 5   = 1.5
 2 
 a = −3 (rej. a  0)

a
When d = − ,
3
 −a 
 2a + 5   = 1.5
 3 
 a = 4.5

T13 = 4.5 + 12 ( −1.5 ) = −13.5

5(i) s = 12
5(ii) 1
 
Given lDM is parallel to  1 
t 
 
6
 
Plane ABFE : 6 x − z = 36  r  0  = 36
 −1
 
If DM doesn’t intersect with ABFE, then
DM must be parallel to ABFE, i.e. perpendicular to the normal vector of ABFE.
 1  6 
  
 1  0  = 0  6 − t = 0
 t   −1
  
t = 6
(iii) From part (i), t = 6 ,

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
1
 
DM is parallel to  1 
6
 
0
 
DG / /  1 
0
 
 1   0   −6  6
     
Normal =  1    1  =  0  = −  0 
6 0  1   −1
       
 6   −2   6 
Equation of plane: r  0  =  0   0  = −24 (shown)
 −1  12   −1
     
 k = −24
(iv) 6
 
Normal vector of plane DGM =  0 
 −1
 
0
 
Normal vector of plane DEFG =  0 
1
 
 6   0
   
 0  0
 −1  1 
Angle between the 2 planes DGM and DENM = cos −1    
37

= 80.53768 = 80.5 ( 1 d.p.)

(v)  −2 +  
 
OM =   
12 + 6 
 
Since height of the structure is 26 units,
12 + 6 = 24
=2
0
 
OM =  2 
 24 
 
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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
Coordinates of M ( 0, 2, 24 )
 0   6   −6 
     
AM =  2  −  0  =  2 
 24   0   24 
     
Shortest distance
6
 
AM  0 
 −1
 
=
37
 −6   6 
   
 2 − 0 
 24   −1
    −36 − 24 60
= = =
37 37 37
Alternative Method
Note that plane AGM parallel to plane ABFE

6
 
0
 −1 −26
plane AGM : r   =
37 37

6
 
0
 −1
plane ABFE : r   =
36
37 37
36 − ( −24 ) 60
Distance between the 2 planes = = units
37 37
(vi) 1
 : x=c r  
 0  = c which is a y-z plane
0
 
D ( −2, 0, 12 )
Since DE =10 units
D (8, 0, 12 )
Since they intersect at E, x = c = 8
6(a) Let T and S denote the event that a triangle and square block is chosen respectively.
Let C denote the event that a block is correctly placed into the shaper sorter toy.

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
Method 1
P ( C ) = 0.9
P ( S | C ) = 0.4  P (T | C ) = 0.6
P (T  C )
 = 0.6
P (C )
 P (T  C ) = ( 0.6 )( 0.9 ) = 0.54
Required probability = 1 − 0.54 = 0.46

Method 2
P ( C ) = 0.9
 P ( C ') = 0.1
P ( S | C ) = 0.4
P(S C)
 = 0.4
P (C )
 P ( S  C ) = ( 0.4 )( 0.9 ) = 0.36
Required probability = P ( C ' ) + P ( S  C )
= 0.1 + 0.36 = 0.46
(b) P ( S = 2 ) = 2P ( S = 4 )
r +1
C25C3  r +1 C45C1 
r +6
= 2  r +6 
C5  C5 
( r + 1)!(10 ) = 2 ( r + 1)!( 5 )
( r − 1)!2! ( r − 3)!4!
1 1
=
2 ( r − 1) ! ( r − 3) !4!
12 ( r − 3) ! = ( r − 1) !
12 ( r − 3) ! = ( r − 3) !( r − 2 )( r − 1)
12 = ( r − 2 )( r − 1) since r  3
r 2 − 3r − 10 = 0
( r + 2 )( r − 5) = 0
r = −2 (rej) or r = 5
7(i) It is not necessary for the fat content of the chocolate bars to be normally distributed. As
the sample size (number of chocolate bars = 40) used is large, by Central Limit Theorem, the
sample mean fat content of the chocolate bars is approximately normally distributed for
the test to be valid.

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 HCI C2 H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examinations 2022 Mark Scheme (Paper 2)

Qn Suggested Solutions
(ii) 1220
x= = 30.5
40
1
s2 =  (x − x)
2

n −1
50
=
39
 1.28205
 1.28 (3 s.f.)
(iii) Let X be the fat content in a chocolate bar in g.
Let  and  be the population mean and variance of X.

H 0 :  = 30
H1 :   30 30
5% p - value

 2 
Under H o , since n is large, by Central Limit Theorem, X N  ,  approximately.
 n 
X −
Test statistic, Z = N ( 0,1) approximately.
S/ n
For test to be rejected at 5% level of significance,

x−
z=  1.64485
s/ n
x − 30
 1.64485
50
( 39 )( 40 )
x  30.294475
x  30.3 (3 s.f.)

1220
Since x = = 30.5  30.2945 ,
40
we reject H o at the 5% level of significance and conclude that the manager’s suspicion is valid.

(iv) From part (iii), it was concluded that the manager’s suspicion is valid, i.e. reject H 0
 Test statistic is in the critical region .
 Test statistic  1.64486
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Qn Suggested Solutions

Now with a smaller population variance, the new test statistic will be larger.

 New Test statistic value >Old Test statistic value

x − x −
i.e 
2 s2
n n
H 0 is still rejected at 5% level of significance.
Thus the conclusion will be the same, i.e. conclude that the manager’s suspicion is valid.
8(a) Method 1
 5  10   8 
Total number of committees formed =        
 2  4   4
= 147000
5 8 8
Number of committees with the couple serve together =        
 2  2  4
= 19600
Required number of committees formed = 147000 − 19600
= 127400
Method 2
Case 1: Wife is in and husband is out
 5  8  8 
No. of committees =         = 39200
 2   3  4 

Case 2: Wife us out and husband is in

 5  8  8 
No. of committees =         = 39200
 2   3  4 
Case 3:
The couple is out
5 8 8
No. of committees =         = 49000
 2  4  4
Required number of committees formed
= 39200 + 39200 + 49000 = 127400

(b)
L T P T P P T P T P L
P

Number of arrangements if no two parents are to stand next to each other = 2! 4! 4! 3  3
=10368
(c) No. of circular arrangements if all parents are together and teachers are separated

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Qn Suggested Solutions
= 3! 4! 4!
= 3456
3!4!4! 1
Required probability = =
10! 1050
= 9.52 10−4 (3 s.f.)
9(i) Let S be the score of Abel’s game.
P ( S = 4)
= P (Red ,  Non-red, black 2 )
2 3x − 1 1
= + .
3x + 1 3x + 1 3
6 + 3x − 1
=
3 ( 3 x + 1)
3x + 5
=
3 ( 3 x + 1)

2
Red Score: 4
3x + 1

1
3 0 Score: 0
3x − 1 1
Not
3x + 1 3
Red 1 Score: 2
1
3
2 Score: 4

(ii) Let S be Abel’s score in a round.

P ( S = 0)
= P ( Non-red, Card zero )
3x − 1 1
= .
3x + 1 3
3x − 1
=
3 ( 3 x + 1)
P ( S = 2)
= P ( Non-red, Card 1)

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s 0 2 4
P (S = s) 3x − 1 3x − 1 3x + 5
3 ( 3x + 1) 3 ( 3x + 1) 3 ( 3x + 1)
(iii) Mode = 4
(iv) E(S )
= 0  P ( S = 0 ) + 2  P ( S = 2 ) + 4P ( S = 4 )
 3x − 1   3x + 5 
= 2   + 4  
 3 ( 3 x + 1)   3 ( 3 x + 1) 
6 ( x + 1)
=
( 3x + 1)

E(S2 )
=02  P ( S = 0 ) + 22  P ( S = 2 ) + 42  P ( S = 4 )
 3x − 1  2  3x + 5 
= 22   + 4  
 3 ( 3 x + 1)   3 ( 3 x + 1) 
12 x − 4 + 48 x + 80
=
3 ( 3 x + 1)
60 x + 76
=
3 ( 3 x + 1)

( )
 Var ( S ) = E S 2 −  E ( S ) 
2

60 x + 76 36 ( x + 1)
2
= −
3 ( 3 x + 1) ( 3x + 1)2
(v) x=3
18 ( 3) + 18
E(S ) = = 2.4
3 (10 )
Var ( S ) = E ( S 2 ) −  E ( S ) 
2

60 ( 3) + 76
= − ( 2.4 )
2

3 ( 3 ( 3) + 1)
256 208
= − ( 2.4 ) =
2

3 (10 ) 75
n = 100 is large, by Cental Limit Theorem,

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Qn Suggested Solutions
 208 
S N  2.4,  approximately.
 75 (100 ) 

( )
P S  2.5 = 0.2740929 = 0.274 (3 s.f.)

10(a)
y x on y

ei y on x

di

The regression line of y on x is the line which minimizes the sum of squares of the residuals
 di2 , while the regression line of x on y is the line which
in the vertical direction, di, i.e.

minimizes the sum of squares of the residuals in the horizontal direction, e , i.e.  ei 2
i

(b)
(i)
/mins
80

22
50 100 /feet

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Qn Suggested Solutions
(ii) The scatter diagram shows a decreasing, concave upward trend. Hence model (II) is a better fit
for the data.
t t t

d d d
(I) (II) (III)

From GC,
1
t = 5767.446342   − 37.61923382
d 
1
 t = 5767.446   − 37.619 (3 d.p.)
d 
r = 0.995 (3 d.p.)

(I) Decreasing, linear relationship

(II) Non-linear, Decreasing and concave upwards trend
(III) Non-linear, Decreasing and concavce downwards trend

Since scatter diagram in (b)(i) shows a non-linear relationship between the 2 variables and the
characteristics of the scatter plot shows that a decreasing and concave upwards curve like in
Model (II) will best model the relationship for the 2 variables.
(iii) When d = 150,
 1 
t = 5767.446342   − 37.61923382
 150 
t = 0.830 (3 s.f.)
The estimate is not reliable because d = 150 is outside the data range 50,100 .
(iv) 1 m = 3.28 ft  D m = 3.28D ft = d
 d = 3.28D
 1 
t = 5767.446342   − 37.61923382
 3.28 D 
1760
t= − 37.6 (3 s.f.)
D
(v) 1 
From GC,  , t  = ( 0.0141, 43.7 ) (3 s.f.)
d 

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Qn Suggested Solutions
1
= 0.0140939153
d
1
d=
0.0140939153
d = 70.9526 = 71.0 (3 s.f.)

11 X ~ N(1 ,11.832 ), Y ~ N(2 ,11.832 )

Given that P( X  175) = P(Y  150),
 175 − 1   150 − 2 
P Z   = P Z  
 11.83   11.83 
175 − 1 150 − 2
=−
11.83 11.83
175 − 1 = −150 + 2
 1 +  2 = 175 + 150
= 325
By symmetry,

175 − 1 = 2 − 150
 1 + 2 = 175 + 150
= 325
(i) X1 + X 2 − 2 (Y + M ) ~ N(2(180) − 2(180), 2(11.832 ) + 2 2 (174.9953))
i.e. X 1 + X 2 − 2 (Y + M ) ~ N(0, 979.879)
P(0  X1 + X 2 − 2Y  15) = 0.184 (3 s.f.)

Assume that the volumes of each cup of black coffee and milk added from the vending machine
are (i.e. X 1 , X 2 , Y and M ) independent of one another.
(ii) X ~ N(180,11.832 ), Y ~ N(145,11.832 ), M ~ N(35,5.92 2 )
B = Cost Price of 1 cup of Black Coffee = 0.01X
W = Cost Price of 1 cup of White Coffee = 0.01Y + 0.02M

B ~ N(1.8, 0.1399489),
W = 0.01Y+0.02M ~ N(2.15, 0.02801345)
Since n cups of black coffee are sold per day,
(100 − n ) cups of white coffee are sold per day.

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Qn Suggested Solutions
Let PB be profit for black coffee, and PW be profit for white coffee and T be the total profit
per day.

PB = 4n − ( B1 + B2 + .... + Bn )
E ( PB ) = 2.2n

(
Var ( PB ) = 0.012 11.832 n )
= 0.01399489n
E ( PW ) = 5 (100 − n ) − 2.15 (100 − n ) = 285 − 2.85n
Var ( PW ) = (100 − n ) 0.02801345

T ~ N(285 − 0.65n, 2.801345 − 0.01401856n)

P (T  230 )  0.8
n P (T  230 )
81 0.9657
82 0.907
83 0.794
Therefore, largest number of cups of black coffee sold per day is 82.
(iii) Let F be the number of customers selecting regular black coffee receives the drink free of
charge.
 p 
F ~ B  3, 
 100 
2
 p  p 
P ( F = 1) = 3  1 − 
 100  100 
(iv)  p  p 
2

3 1 −   0.1
 100  100 
y

y = P( X =1)

y = 0.1

3.58589 79.526968 p

0  p  3.58 or 79.6  p  100 ( 3 s.f.)

16 | P a g e