SOCIAL NETWORK SECURITY

(CCS363 - SOCIAL NETWORK SECURITY)

As per the Latest Syllabus of Anna University, Chennai

(Regulation 2021) – VERTICAL 4: CYBER SECURITY AND DATA PRIVACY – Common to all Branch

Ms. N. P. Shangara Narayanee, B.E., M.E.,

Assistant Professor
Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Engineering
Erode Sengunthar Engineering College
Perundurai.

Mr. P. Krishna Sankar, B.E., M.E.,

Freelance Entrepreneur / Consultant

Kavindapadi

A.R.S. Publications
No. 11, Veerabathra Nagar, Part II,
8th Street, Medavakkam,
Chennai – 600 100, Tamil Nadu, India.
Phone: 044 – 48587467, Mobile: 9840025186
eMail: [email protected]
web: www.arspublications.com
 Preface

This book “Social Network Security”, covering various concept of semantic and social web along with
its applications. It gives an outline on understanding human behavior in social web and their relating
communities. It provides fundamentals of ontology and semantic web. It delivers a visualization of
social networks and its tremendous utilization in business scenarios.

Unit I: Primer towards the Semantic web and Social web along with its evolutions. Affords a sketch
towards Social Network and its analysis along with applications.

Unit II: Delivers the ontology and their role for Semantic web. It covenants with the web ontology
language based modelling and aggregating over social network.

Unit III: It gives an outline towards web community and their applications in social networks.
Preliminary idea on various community mining algorithm along with its tools in online social
networks.

Unit IV: Overview towards the human behaviour for social communities along with User profile
management in real-world. Outline about trust and its network analysis with transitivity on online
environment.

Unit V: It provides about the applicability of graph theory and visualizing using various
representation on the online social networks. Finally, summarizing the applications of network like
cover, collaboration and co-citation was discussed.

P. Krishna sankar
N. P. Shangaranarayanee
 Acknowledgement

First and foremost, we would like to thank God. In the process of putting this book together
we realized how true this gift of writing is for us to share our knowledge. You give us the power to
believe in our passion and pursue our dreams. We could never have done this without the faith we
have in you, the Almighty.

We sincerely thank our Colleagues, Parents, Family, Friends and Well-wishers for their
understanding, patience and constant encouragement.

Finally, we offer our thanks to Rtn. A. Ramesh, A. R. S. Publishers and his Colleagues for their
tireless effort in overseeing the production of the book.

The authors would be happy to collect opinion for supplementary improvement of the book.

P. Krishna sankar
N. P. Shangara Narayanee
CCS363 SOCIAL NETWORK SECURITY LTPC
2023

UNIT I: FUNDAMENTALS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING 6

Introduction to Semantic Web, Limitations of current Web, Development of Semantic Web,
Emergence of the Social Web, Social Network analysis, Development of Social Network
Analysis, Key concepts and measures in network analysis, Historical overview of privacy and
security, Major paradigms, for understanding privacy and security.

UNIT II: SECURITY ISSUES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS 6

The evolution of privacy and security concerns with networked technologies, Contextual
influences on privacy attitudes and behaviors, Anonymity in a networked world.

UNIT III: EXTRACTION AND MINING IN SOCIAL NETWORKING DATA 6

Extracting evolution of Web Community from a Series of Web Archive, Detecting
communities in social networks, Definition of community, Evaluating communities, Methods
for community detection and mining, Applications of community mining algorithms, Tools for
detecting communities social network infrastructures and communities, Big data and Privacy.

UNIT IV: PREDICTING HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PRIVACY ISSUES 6

Understanding and predicting human behavior for social communities, User data
Management, Inference and Distribution, Enabling new human experiences, Reality mining,
Context, Awareness, Privacy in online social networks, Trust in online environment, What is
Neo4j, Nodes, Relationships, Properties.

UNIT V: ACCESS CONTROL, PRIVACY AND IDENTITY MANAGEMENT 6

Understand the access control requirements for Social Network, Enforcing Access Control
Strategies, Authentication and Authorization, Roles-based Access Control, Host, storage
and network access control options, Firewalls, Authentication, and Authorization in Social
Network, Identity & Access Management, Single Sign-on, Identity Federation, Identity
providers and service consumers, The role of Identity provisioning.
 Table of Contents

Contents
UNIT I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to Semantic Web

1.2 Limitations of current Web

1.2.1 What’s wrong with the Web?

1.2.2 Diagnosis: A lack of knowledge

1.3 Development of Semantic Web

1.3.1 Research, development and standardization

1.3.2 Technology adoption

1.4 Emergence of the Social Web

1.4.1 Web 2.0 + SemanticWeb =Web 3.0?

1.5 Social Network analysis

1.5.1 Network analysis

1.6 Development of Social Network Analysis

1.7 Key concepts and measures in network analysis

1.7.1 Global structure of networks

1.7.2 The macro-structure of social networks

1.7.3 Personal networks

1.8 Electronic sources for network analysis

1.8.1 Electronic discussion networks

1.9 Electronic discussion networks, Blogs and online communities

1.10 Web-based networks

1.11 Applications of Social Network Analysis.

1.11.1 Organizational Issues

1.11.2 Recommendation and E-commerce Systems

1.11.3 Web Applications

UNIT II

MODELLING, AGGREGATING AND KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION

2.1. Ontology and their role in the Semantic Web
2.1.1. Ontology-based knowledge Representation

2.1.2. Ontology languages for the Semantic Web

2.2. Resource Description Framework

2.2.1. RDF and the notion of semantics

2.2.2. SPARQL: querying RDF sources across the Web

2.3. Web Ontology Language

2.4. Modelling and aggregating social network data

2.5. State-of-the-art in network data representation

2.6. Ontological representation of social individuals

2.7. Ontological representation of social relationships

2.7.1. Conceptual model

2.8. Aggregating and reasoning with social network data

2.8.1. Representing identity

2.8.2. On the notion of equality

2.8.3. Determining equality

2.8.4. Reasoning with instance equality

2.8.5. Evaluating smushing

2.9. Advanced representations

UNIT III
EXTRACTION AND MINING COMMUNITIES IN WEB SOCIAL NETWORKS

3.1 Extracting evolution of Web Community from a Series of Web Archive

3.1.1 WEB COMMUNITY CHART

3.1.2 EVOLUTION OF WEB COMMUNITIES

3.1.3 ANALYSIS OF WEB ARCHIVES AND EVOLUTION OF WEB COMMUNITIES

3.1.4 EVOLUTION VIEWER AND EXAMPLES

3.2 Detecting communities in social networks

3.3 Definition of community

3.3.1 Local definitions

3.3.2 Global definitions

3.3.3 Definitions Based on Vertex Similarity

3.4 Evaluating communities

3.5 Methods for community detection and mining
3.5.1 Applications of community mining algorithms

3.5.2 Tools for detecting communities social network infrastructures and communitie

3.6 Decentralized online social networks

3.6.1 Challenges for DOSN

3.6.2 The Case for Decentralizing OSNs

3.6.3 General Purpose DOSNs

3.6.4 Specialized Application Centric DOSNs

3.6.5 Social Distributed Systems

3.6.6 Delay-Tolerant DOSN

3.7 Multi-Relational characterization of dynamic social network communities.

3.7.1 Actions, Networking and Community Formation

3.7.2 Analyzing Communities and Evolutions in Dynamic Network

3.7.3 Community Analysis on Multi-Relational Social Data

UNIT IV
PREDICTING HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND PRIVACY ISSUES

4.1 Understanding and predicting human behaviour for social communities

4.2 User data management - Inference and Distribution

4.3 Enabling new human experiences

4.3.1 The Technologies

4.4 Reality mining

4.5 Context-Awareness

4.6 Privacy in online social networks

4.6.1 Online Social Networks

4.7 Trust in online environment

4.8 Trust models based on subjective logic

4.9 Trust network analysis

4.9.1 Operators for Deriving Trust

4.9.2 Trust Path Dependency and Network Simplification

4.10 Trust transitivity analysis

4.10.1 Uncertainty Favouring Trust Transitivity

4.10.2 Opposite Belief Favoring

 4.10.3 Base Rate Sensitive Transitivity
4.10.4 Mass Hysteria

4.11 Combining trust and reputation

4.12 Trust derivation based on trust comparisons

4.13 Attack spectrum and countermeasures

4.13.1 Plain Impersonation

4.13.2 Profile Cloning

4.13.3 Profile Hijacking

4.13.4 Profile Porting

4.13.5 ID Theft

4.13.6 Profiling

4.13.7 Secondary Data Collection

4.13.8 Fake Requests

4.13.9 Crawling and Harvesting

4.13.10 Image Retrieval and Analysis

4.13.11 Communication Tracking

4.13.12 Fake Profiles and Sybil Attacks

4.13.13 Group Metamorphosis

4.13.14 Ballot Stuffing and Defamation

4.13.15 Censorship

4.13.16 Collusion Attacks

UNIT V

VISUALIZATION AND APPLICATIONS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS

5.1. Graph theory

5.2. Centrality

5.3. Clustering
5.4. Node-Edge Diagrams

5.4.1. Random Layout

5.4.2. Force-Directed Layout

5.4.3. Tree Layout

5.5. Matrix representation

5.6. Visualizing online social networks

 5.6.1. Web Communities
5.6.2. Email Groups

5.6.3. Digital Libraries

5.6.4. Web 2.0 Services

5.6.5. Precipitate of Visualizing online social networks

5.7. Visualizing social networks with matrix-based representations

5.7.1. Matrix or Node-Link Diagram

5.7.2. Matrix and Node-Link Diagrams

5.7.3. Hybrid representations

5.8. Applications

5.8.1. Covert networks

5.8.2. Community welfare

5.8.3. Collaboration networks

5.8.4. Co-Citation networks