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    Auto Lubricants Basics

    Uploaded by

    Tung Nguyen

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Auto Lubricants Basics

    Uploaded by

    Tung Nguyen
    20 views21 pages

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    Auto Lubricants Basics-converted

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views21 pages

    Auto Lubricants Basics

    Uploaded by

    Tung Nguyen

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    Automotive Lubricant Basics

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils

    Engine oil functions


    • Lubricate
    – Reduce wear
    – Reduce friction
    • Clean
    • Cool
    • Seal
    • Cushion

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils Properties

    • Correct viscosity for operating temperature range


    • Lubricate/protect engine at all loads & temperatures
    • Flow and pump readily at low temperatures
    • Act as cleaning agent
    • Resist oxidation, carbon formation, foaming, corrosion and
    rust
    • Prevent corrosion of bearing material
    • Low volatility

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils Properties (cont’d)

    • Act as carrier for additives


    • Protect engine during periods of non-operation
    • Seal compatibility
    • Shear stability
    • Increase fuel economy (C.A.F.E.)
    • Reduce emissions, protect emission control components

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oil Additives

    • Viscosity index improvers


    • Anti-wear agents
    • Friction modifiers
    • Pour point depressants
    • Detergents
    • Dispersants
    • Anti-oxidants
    • Rust and corrosion inhibitors
    • Anti-foam agents
    • Dyes

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils
    Classification systems
    • SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers: SAE has
    established viscosity grades

    • API - American Petroleum Institute: API established a


    guide for consumers indicating levels of
    performance for engine oils; “S” and “C”
    Service Classifications

    • ILSAC – International Lubricant Standardization and


    Approval Committee: Represents the needs of the
    American and Japanese OEMs including fuel
    economy and catalyst compatibility

    •GM- Dexos 1 & 2


    @Autogurukul
    SAE Engine Oil Viscosity Classification

    Cranking Pumping
    SAE Kinematic Viscosity, High Shear Viscosity,
    Viscosity, Viscosity, o o
    Viscosity cSt at 100 C cP min at 150 C
    cP max at temp oC cP max at temp
    Grade o (ASTM D 445) (ASTM D 5481)
    (ASTM D 5293) C (ASTM D 4684)

    Minimum Maximum

    0W 6200 at –35 60,000 at –40 3.8 --- ---

    5W 6600 at –30 60,000 at –35 3.8 --- ---


    10W 7000 at –25 60,000 at –30 4.1 --- ---
    15W 7000 at –20 60,000 at –25 5.6 --- ---

    20W 9500 at –15 60,000 at –20 5.6 --- ---


    25W 13,000 at -10 60,000 at –15 9.3 --- ---
    20 --- --- 5.6 < 9.3 2.6

    30 --- --- 9.3 < 12.5 2.9


    2.9
    40 --- --- 12.5 < 16.3
    (0W-40, 5W-40, 10W-40)
    3.7
    40 --- --- 12.5 < 16.3
    (15W-40, 20W-40, 25W-40, 40)
    50 --- --- 16.3 < 21.9 3.7
    60 --- --- 21.9 < 26.1 3.7
    @Autogurukul
    Comparison of Single Grade and Multi-grade Engine Oils

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils

    Engine Oil Symbols

    ILSAC API

    Starburst for new car warranty. Low Donut for quality


    SAE grades, latest API, Energy levels, SAE grade, and
    Conserving Energy Conserving

    @Autogurukul
    Engine Oils

    API service categories

    API Service categories identify gasoline and diesel


    engine oil performance levels
    “S” designations are for spark-ignited (gasoline engines)
    API SN is the current designation
    “C” designations are for compression-ignited (diesel)
    engines
    API CJ-4 is the current designation for 4-stroke
    cycle
    API CF-2 is the current designation for 2-stroke
    cycle

    @Autogurukul
    API service categories
    Gasoline Diesel
    SA Straight mineral oil CA Light Duty (1940s-50s)
    SB Inhibited oil CB Moderate Duty (1949)
    SC 1964 Warranty CC Moderate to Severe Duty (1961)
    SD 1968 Warranty CD Severe Duty (1965)
    SE 1972 Warranty CD-II Severe-Duty Two-Stroke
    SF 1980 Warranty CE 1983 Diesel Engine Service
    SG 1989 Warranty CF-4 1990 Diesel Engine Service
    SH 1993 Warranty CF Indirect-Injected (1994)
    SJ 1997 Warranty CF-2 Severe-Duty Two-Stroke (1994)
    SL 2001 Warranty CG-4 1994 Severe-Duty
    SM 2005 Warranty CH-4 1998 Severe-Duty
    SN 2011 Warranty CI-4 2002 Severe Duty
    CI-4+ 2005 Severe Duty
    CJ-4 2007 Severe Duty

    @Autogurukul
    Automatic Transmission Fluids
    • DexronIII/Mercon replaced with Super ATF

    • 2007 Dexron VI

    • 2007 Mercon V

    Maintenance tip,
    • Follow manufacturers recommendation but only go to a qualified reputable service
    provider!

    @Autogurukul
    Automatic Transmission Fluids

    Current fluids
    ATF+4 - Most Dodge, Jeep, and Chrysler [5]
    Mercon V - Most Ford, Mercury, Lincoln
    Mercon LV - Some Ford(DuratecHE),MAZDA in Europe or Asia
    Dexron VI - Most GM and Toyota products, some Ford applications
    ATF DW-1 - All Honda and Acura (except CVT)
    SP-III - All Hyundai, Mitsubishi and Kia (except CVT and dual clutch)
    Matic S, Matic K, Matic D - Jatco transmissions, used in Nissan and
    Subaru vehicles
    Synthetic ATF is available on aftermarket brands, offering better
    performance and service life for certain applications (such as frequent
    trailer towing).

    @Autogurukul
    Automotive Antifreeze
    – Ethylene Glycol or Propylene Glycol
    – Green (Nitrates/Silicates)
    • 2 year life
    • SCA Filters
    • Abrasive (Water Pump Failures)
    – Orange (OAT, Organic Acids)
    • Extended Life Coolant
    • 7 year life
    • Incompatible with some seals
    – Hybrids (HOAT Blend)
    • Red & Yellow???
    • Compatible?
    * Ethylene Glycol coolant is a poison and your pets love the taste of it!
    @Autogurukul
    @Autogurukul
    Brake Fluid 101

    US Standard FMVSS116
    Everything you didn’t think you
    needed to know about brake fluids.

    @Autogurukul
    Brake Fluid 101

    US Standard FMVSS116

    FLUID TYPE CHEMISTRY DRY BOILING POINT WET BOILING [email protected] H2O

    Ethylene glycol
    and polyalkylene
    DOT 3 glycol ether 205°C (401°F) 140°C (284°F)

    Ethylene glycol
    DOT 4 and borate ester 230°C (446°F) 155°C (311°F)

    DOT 5 Silicone-based 260°C (500°F) 180°C (356°F)

    Polyalkylene glycol
    ether and borate
    DOT 5.1 ester 270°C (518°F) 191°C (375°F)

    Marketing Castrol SRF, DOT4+, DOT 4.1

    @Autogurukul
    Brake Fluid Factoids

    •DOT 3, 4 and 5.1 can absorb water DOT 5 won't.

    •DOT 5 doesn't work well in ABS brake systems.


    • Favored in some motorcycles because it doesn’t eat paint.

    •DOT 5 can be incompatible with some seal materials.


    • DOT 5 has lower Bulk Modulus

    Brake fluids should be flushed every two years!


    Check your owners manual.

    *All are totally incompatible with mineral oil!


    ••Do not flush with mineral oil products!
    @Autogurukul
    Commercial Products

    Dry Wet
    Brake Fluid Boiling Point Boiling Point Suggested List Price

    AP SUPER 600 590°F 410°F $18.00/16.9oz. .

    CASTROL SRF 590°F 518°F $69.99/33.8oz.

    NEO SUPER DOT 610 610°F 421°F $15.00/12oz.

    MOTUL RACING 600 593°F 420°F $15.00/16.9oz.

    MOTUL DOT 5.1 509°F 365°F $6.50/16.9oz.

    ATE SUPER BLUE 536°F 392°F $11.99/33.8oz

    VALVOLINE
    SYNPOWER 503°F 343°F $4.97/16.9oz.

    ATE SL 500°F 329°F $7.95/16.9oz.

    AP 551 528°F 288°F $12.50/16.9oz.

    @Autogurukul
    Hydraulic Clutches
    • It’s critical to follow manufacturers recommendation!

    • IMPORTANT NOTE

    DO NOT USE DOT 5.1 fluid in contact with any


    type of magnesium components (e.g. gearbox /
    clutch components) as a chemical reaction is
    caused resulting in gases being generated. This
    will then prevent the clutch hydraulics from
    working efficiently.

    @Autogurukul
    THANK YOU

    @Autogurukul

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