Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 4K views

    Bihar-Board-Class-10 History Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Sundram kumar
    1) The document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe, tracing its origins to France in the 1830s. It was influenced by factors like the Renaissance, French revolutionary ideals, Napoleon's campaigns, the rise of the middle class and liberal thought, and Metternich's reactionary policies. 2) Key events that sparked nationalist movements included the July Revolution of 1830 in France, and the revolutions of 1848 that saw the end of old monarchical systems and rise of new nation-states like a unified Germany and Italy. 3) The process of Italian unification involved figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II who helped bring various states together between 1831-1871 through military campaigns

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Bihar-Board-Class-10 History Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Sundram kumar
    4K views4 pages
    1) The document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe, tracing its origins to France in the 1830s. It was influenced by factors like the Renaissance, French revolutionary ideals, Napoleon's campaigns, the rise of the middle class and liberal thought, and Metternich's reactionary policies. 2) Key events that sparked nationalist movements included the July Revolution of 1830 in France, and the revolutions of 1848 that saw the end of old monarchical systems and rise of new nation-states like a unified Germany and Italy. 3) The process of Italian unification involved figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II who helped bring various states together between 1831-1871 through military campaigns

    Original Description:

    History chapter 1

    Original Title

    bihar-board-class-10 history chapter 1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1) The document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe, tracing its origins to France in the 1830s. It was influenced by factors like the Renaissance, French revolutionary ideals, Napoleon's campaigns, the rise of the middle class and liberal thought, and Metternich's reactionary policies. 2) Key events that sparked nationalist movements included the July Revolution of 1830 in France, and the revolutions of 1848 that saw the end of old monarchical systems and rise of new nation-states like a unified Germany and Italy. 3) The process of Italian unification involved figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II who helped bring various states together between 1831-1871 through military campaigns

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4K views4 pages

    Bihar-Board-Class-10 History Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Sundram kumar
    1) The document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe, tracing its origins to France in the 1830s. It was influenced by factors like the Renaissance, French revolutionary ideals, Napoleon's campaigns, the rise of the middle class and liberal thought, and Metternich's reactionary policies. 2) Key events that sparked nationalist movements included the July Revolution of 1830 in France, and the revolutions of 1848 that saw the end of old monarchical systems and rise of new nation-states like a unified Germany and Italy. 3) The process of Italian unification involved figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II who helped bring various states together between 1831-1871 through military campaigns

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    vè;k;&1

    ;wjksi esa jk"Vªokn

    i
    jk"Vªokn

    th
    jk"Vªokn vk/kqfud ;qx dh jktuSfrd psruk dk ifj.kke gS tks ,d fo'ks"k HkkSxksfyd] lkaLd`frd
    ,oa lkekftd ifjos'k esa fodflr gksrh gSA ;wjksi esa jk"Vªoknh psruk dh 'kq:vkr Ýkal ls gksrh
    gSA

    jk"Vªokn ds fodkl esa lgk;d rRo


    1- iqutkZxj.k ds ifj.kkeLo:Ik mRiUu ifjfLFkfr;k¡
    2-
    3-
    4-
    5-
    6-
    ar
    Ýkalhlh dzkafr ds vkn'kZ
    usiksfy;u dk lSU; vfHk;ku ,oa iz'kklfud O;oLFkk
    e/;e oxZ dk mn; ,oa mnkjoknh lksp
    rRdkyhu lkekftd ,oa lkaLd`frd ifjos'k
    esVjfu[k dh izfrfØz;koknh uhfr A

    jk"Vªoknh psruk dk ifj.kke


    dy
    Ø- Økafr dkj.k ifj.kke
    1- 1830 dh • esVjfu[k dh izfrfdz;koknh uhfr • yqbZ fQfyi 'kkld cuk vkSj
    tqykbZ • pkYlZ n'ke~ ,oa iksfyXusd dk pkYlZ&X baxySaM iyk;u
    Økafr fujadq'k 'kklu fd;kA
    • mnkjokfn;ksa }kjk vfHktkR;oxhZ; • mnkjoknh ,oa laoS/kkfud
    O;oLFkk dk fojks/k jktra= dh LFkkiukA
    • esVjfu[k O;oLFkk dks pqukSrh
    i

    • jkt'kkgh ,oa ppZ ds izHkko dks


    eV

    pqukSrhA

    2- 1848 dh • ywbZ fQfyi dh detksj ,oa • iqjkru O;oLFkk dk var ,oa


    Økafr mnkjoknh uhfr f}rh; x.kjkT; dh LFkkiuk
    • vlQy oSnsf'kd uhfr • usiksfy;u III Qzkal dk lezkV
    • Hkq[kejh ,oa csjkstxkjh cuk
    • bVyh ,oa teZuh ds ,dhdj.k
    dh izfdz;k dk izkjaHkA

    3|Page

    https://www.evidyarthi.in/
    bVyh dk ,dhdj.k

    ,dhdj.k dk ck/kd rRo


    (i) fo"ke HkkSxksfyd ifjfLFkfr

    i
    (ii) iM+kslh ns'kksa dk gLr{ksi ¼vkWfLVª;k] Qzkal vkfn½

    th
    (iii) iksi dk izHkko

    ,dhdj.k esa lgk;d rRo


    (i) jk"Vªoknh fopkj /kkjk dk izHkko
    (ii) Qzkal dh ?kVukvksa dk izHkko
    (iii) usiksfy;u dk lSU; vfHk;ku
    (iv) esVjfu[k dh izfrfdz;koknh lksp ,oa ukxfjd vkUnksyu

    esftuh
    •
    dk ;ksxnku
    ar
    (v) estuh] dkm.V dkcwj vkSj xSjhokYMh dk ;ksxnku

    ,dhdj.k dh izfØ;k

    ;ax bVyh ¼1831½ dh LFkkiuk


    dy
    • ;ax ;wjksi ¼1834½ dh LFkkiuk
    • 1848 dh dzkafr ds ckn iqu% okilh ,oa tuoknh vkUnksyu dh 'kq:vkr
    • vkWfLVª;k }kjk lkMhZfu;k fiMekS.M ds 'kkld ,yoVZ dh ijkt; ds ckn iqu% iyk;u

    dkm.V dkcwj
    • foDVj beSuq,y dk iz/kkuea=h cuk
    • 1853&54 ds fdzfe;k ;q) esa Qzkal dk dqVuhfrd :Ik ls lg;ksx
    i

    • uhl vkSj lsok; dks usiksfy;u III dks nsus dk oknk fd;k
    • 1859&60 esa yksEckM+hZ ij vf/kdkj ysfdu Qzkl ds fojks/k ds dkj.k osusfl;k vWfLVª;k
    eV

    ds gh dCts esa
    • 1860&61 esa ijek] eksMsuk] VLduh ij vf/kdkj

    4|Page

    https://www.evidyarthi.in/
    xSjhokYMh
    is'ks ls ukfod vkSj esftuh ds fopkjksa dk leFkZd vkxs pydj dkcwj ds izHkko esa laoS/kkfud
    jktra= dk i{k/kj cukA
    • fllyh vkSj usiYl ij vf/kdkj fd;k vkSj foDVj beSuq,y f}rh; dk izfrfuf/k 'kkld

    i
    cukA

    th
    • 1862 esa jkse ij vkØe.k dh ;kstuk cukbZ ysfdu dkcwj ls eqykdkr ds ckn ;kstuk dk
    ifjR;kxA
    • bVyh ds nf{k.k {ks= ds 'kkld cuus dk izLrko [kkfjt fd;k ,oa viuh laifRr jk"Vª
    dks lefiZr dj lk/kkj.k fdlku dk thou O;rhr fd;kA

    ,dhdj.k dk vafre pj.k

    ar
    • 1862 esa dkcwj dh e`R;q ds ckn jkse vkSj osfuf'k;k ij foDVj beSuq,y us Lo;a vf/kdkj
    fd;kA 1870&71 ds Qkzal vkSj iz'kk ds chp ;q) ls mith vuqdwy ifjfLFkfr ds dkj.k
    iksi csfVdu flVh ds jktegy esa fleV x;k vkSj laiw.kZ jkse ij bVyh dk vf/kdkj gks
    x;k A bl rjg bVyh dk ,dhdj.k iwjk gqvkA

    teZuh dk ,dhdj.k
    dy
    ,dhdj.k dk ck/kd rRo
    (i) HkkSxksfyd :i ls yxHkx 300 bZdkbZ;ksa esa foHkkftr
    (ii) mŸkjh teZuh izksVsLVsV ,oa nf{k.kh teZuh dSFkksfyd ckgqY;
    (iii) jk"Vªokn ds izkjafHkd Hkkouk dk vHkko

    ,dhdj.k esa lgk;d rRo


    (i) usiksfy;u dk lSU; vfHk;ku ,o ajkbu jkT; la?k dh LFkkiuk
    i

    (ii) cqf)thfo;ksa ;Fkk&ghxsy] dk.V] gEcksYV vkfn dh jk"Vªoknh fopkj /kkjk dk izHkko
    (iii) f'k{kd&Nk= laxBu czw'ku 'kSQ~V] esVjfu[k dk neudkjh dkuwu&dkYlZokn ,oa O;kikfj;ksa
    eV

    dh laLFkk tkyosfju dk ;ksxnku


    (iv) fofy;e ,oa fcLekdZ dk vfoHkkZo

    fcLekdZ ,oa teZuh dk ,dhdj.k


    • teZu Mk;V esa iz'kk dk izfrfuf/k ,oa fujdq'k jktra= dk leFkZdA
    • lSU; 'kfDr ds egRo dks le>rs gq, ^ykSg ,oa jDr* dh uhfr dks viuk;kA
    • 1864 esa vkWfLVª;k ds lkFk feydj MsuekdZ dks ijkftr fd;kA

    5|Page

    https://www.evidyarthi.in/
    • 'ys'kfox ij teZu vf/kdkj ,oa teZu ckgqY; gksyfLVu ij vkWfLVª;k dk izHkqRo ekukA
    ;g mldh dqVuhfrd pky jghA
    • gksyfLVu dh teZu vkcknh dks HkM+dk dj vkWfLVª;k ds fo:) ;q) ds ekgkSy dk fuekZ.k

    i
    fd;kA
    • 1866 ds lsMksok ds ;q) esa vkfLVª;k dh ijkt; rFkk iz'kk ls vkWfLVª;k dk izHkqRoA

    th
    lekIrA nf{k.k teZu jkT;ksa esa gLr{ksi ,oa Lisu dh jktxn~nh ds loky ij Qzkal ls
    ;q) ds ekgkSy dk fuekZ.kA
    • Uksiksfy;u III }kjk 19 twu 1870 dks iz'kk ij vkdze.k ysfdu lsMku ds ;q) esa Qzkal dh
    ijkt;A
    • 18 ebZ 1871 dks Qzkal ds lkFk ^ ÝSadQVZ* dh laf/k ds ckn teZuh ds ,dhdj.k dk dk;Z
    iw.kZA

    ;wuku
    ar
    vU; ns'kksa esa jk"Vªh; vkUnksyu

    rqdhZ izHkqRo ds fo:) jk"Vªoknh Hkkouk ds mn; ,oa baxyS.M] Qzkal ,oa :l ds lg;ksx ls
    1832 esa ;wuku dk Lora= jk"Vª ds :i esa mn;A ¼,fMª;kuksiy dh laf/k&1829½ A
    dy
    gaxjh
    vkWfLVª;k ds izHkko ds fo:) dkslqFk vkSj ÝaWfll fMd uked dzkafrdkfj;ksa }kjk yksdrkaf=d
    vkUnksyuA 1846 dks vkWfLVª;k dh ljdkj }kjk gaxjh esa Lora= ea=h ifj"kn dh ekax Lohdk;ZA
    izfrfuf/k lHkk dk jkt/kkuh cqMkisLV esa izfro"kZ lEesyu dks ekU;rk ,oa gaxjh ds jk"Vªh;
    fLerk dks egRoA

    iksySaM
    i

    iksySaM esa jk"Vªoknh vkUnksyu dks :l ds }kjk neu dj fn;k x;kA


    eV

    cksgsfe;k
    cksgsfe;k esa jk"Vªoknh vkUnksyu dks vkfLVª;k ds }kjk neu dj fn;k x;kA

    

    6|Page

    https://www.evidyarthi.in/

    You might also like