Genetically Engineered Vegetables and Fruits

INDEX
❖ What is genetically engineered food ?

❖ Where is it mainly Used in ?
❖ Advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified foods
❖ Interesting Facts
What is genetically engineered food ?
❖ The principles of traditional plant breeding, in which desirable traits are combined from different
plants was first established by Gregor Mendel in the 19th century. These techniques resulted in the
introduction of hybrids that led the way to green revolution and improving the efficiency of
agriculture production throughout the world But, according to Mendel's principles recombination
of DNA in offspring is random.
❖ Traditional plant breeding often took decades and frequently yielded crop varieties with
unforeseen and undesirable properties. Genetic Engineering Techniques For Genetic Transformation
Are Usually Divided Into Indirect Or Direct Transformation. Biological Methods Using Bacteria
Are Referred To As Indirect, While Direct Methods Are Physical; That Is, Based On The
Penetration Of The Cellular Wall .These Are Subdivided Into Various Methods. Example
Crispr-Cas9
Where is it mainly Used in ?
❖ Genetic engineering is a powerful tool for plant improvement Transformation technology developed a
path to transfer important genes into plant genome for enhancing resistance against fungal, viral
pathogens, other pests, drought and improvement in nutrient acquisition.
❖ Today, conventional plant breeding remains inherently random and slow, also constrained by
the availability of desirable traits in closely related plant species. Plant breeding has resulted in
numerous improved food .Horticulture is a branch of agriculture concerned with the cultivation
and breeding of fruits, vegetables The horticultural market is gradually increasing because
they have many benefits on human health and the environment. Among the horticultural plants;
fruits and vegetables are the primary source of essential minerals and vitamins.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of
genetically modified foods
Advantages Disadvantages
❖ 1. It improves production and raise farmer's income. Indian ❖ 1. The production imposes high risks to the disruption of ecosystem and
farmers are still practicing traditional process of seeding and biodiversity because the “better” traits produced from engineering genes can
cultivation, which required scientific moves for raising their result in the favouring of one organism. Hence, it can eventually disrupt
production. Hence, it is one of the moves to enhance the farm the natural process of gene flow.
production.
❖ 2. It increases the cost of cultivation and more inclined towards
marketization of farming that work on immoral profits.
❖ 2. It reduces the use of pesticide and insecticide during
farming that might be great moves for the betterment of the ❖ 3. The transgenic crops endanger not only farmers but also the trade, and
food supply. the environment as well.
❖ 4. It is biologically altered. Hence, biotech foods may pose a human health

❖ 3. It can feed a rapidly increasing population because it risk.
shows dramatically increased yields.
❖ 5. The excessive production of genetically modified foods will be rendered
❖ 4. It can produce more in small area of land. ineffective over time because the pests that these toxins used to deter might
eventually develop resistance towards them.
Interesting Facts
• India introduced Bt cotton seeds in 2002. It has greatly reduced the use of toxic
pesticides. Bt cotton produces a common soil bacterium, Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt). It is
a natural pest repelling bacteria that is toxic to many worms and pests that can harm the
crop but is not hazardous to humans. Bt is widely sprayed on crops by organic farmers as
a pesticide. As a result of the adoption of Bt cotton, India is now the largest cotton
producer in the world.
• The first genetically modified food approved for release in 1994 and was engineered to
have a longer shelf life by inserting and antisense that delayed ripening .

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INDEX

❖ What is genetically engineered food ?

❖ 4. It is biologically altered. Hence, biotech foods may pose a human health

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