The University of Edinburgh College of Science and Engineering “Mathematis 4 Honours “MATHI0082 Linear Analysis ‘Tuesday, 17 May 2016 9:30am ~ 11:30am (Chairman of Examiners ~ Professor ] M igueroa-O"Faril Exteral Examiner ~ Professor J Greenlees Credit will be given forthe best THREE answers Calculators and other electronic Ascleniic calculator is permite inthis examination, must not be a graphical calculator Te must not be sble to communicate with anyother cevices.. ‘This examination willbe marked anonymously.MATHiOO82 Linear Analysis 1 (1) Let £(X) denote the norma! tiene space of bounded liner operators Ts X +X ‘on normed near space (Xl). The norm on £(X) i given by WD = suff 2 € XL =1} hich as the property that [T=] < [II for every = € X. The identity operator I denoted by (4) Ou £(0, we consider the composition T'S betwean two operntors T.S € LX) Show thet [TSI < ITHISIL [ marks) (b) IF isa Banach space and (yu) CY is such that FO fel converges, show that Doom converges in Y, [4 marks] (6) Suppose now tht (X=) 64 Banach space and suppose that 7 € £(X) has fhe propery at FTW <1 () Show that the sequence of partial sums Uy = Tit.gT" converges to an ‘operator U = Soong i £(X). (Here T® dois te noid composition ‘fT with ita You may’ assume te fact that if isa Banech space, ten (Xi is a Banach space.) [4 marks} () Show that /—7 is an invertible element in £(X). (Hint: Consider (UT) ‘and Ux( ~7).) [4 marks} of continue real-valued functions ‘with the uniform Hor (2) Consider the Banach space C({-1/2, defined o1 the closed interval {=1/2,1 Wee = sur(l/(a) = = € [-1/2,1/2). Let P: O([-1/2,1/2)) > C({-1/2, 1/2) be defined by THe) = [seer Show thal [TH < 1/2 nnd deduce th 1-7 is invertible in C(OC-1/2.1/2) [3 marks) (6) Diforentiate the formula g = (J ~T)f and solve the ordinary differentiat ‘equation arising to arrive aban intogea fornia for Jin terms of 9 [4 marks) (6) Show thot your formula makes sense for all continuous z, and lence give cexpresin for ( ~ 7), taking care to verify that it dows provide the desired [s marks] [Pease turn over)arincase Linear Analysis 2 (2) Consider the Banach spce of bounded complex sequences ith he nora Kc — spa where z= (my). Let co = (e= oans EC: e4 4008-40) be the linear subspace consisting of sence whose nth erm tends Lo zero {0) Show that yf cased in {4 maris} (0) Show that yf not dense (2 marks} (©) Conser te near operator: O° + ep defined by 1 1) = (Fe)... (0) Show that 7 is continsns with eect to the norm Hb. [8 maths] (i) Stow that TY 2 {a mark} (ii) or every 1, dio Ty :€° ea br Tala) = (an fener pem00~+) Show that Ty + in L(C%c9) (4 marks] (i) Dee that is compact operator {5 marks] (4) Stow tba he set (esha €C° + Jal <2 is comet subse o (| (6 marks] (Plesae turn over)MaTHn0082 Linear Analysis 3 (8) Let Hf and be comples Ibert spaces and let 7 € £{H, 1) be a bounded linear operator (6) Explain what is meant bythe dual 1" of. {marta} (b) State es’ representation theorem characte {5 marks} (6) Carflly den the adjoint T° € C{W,H) of, caking care to show that i exit andi indeed member of ££) {10 marks} (8) Stow that 7" = 7 and dedoce that ("I = I [4 marks} {6) Stow that [7-7 = IP. ( marks] [please cur over]‘MATHTI0082 Linear Analysis 4 (&) Let H be Hilbert space and lt $,7°: > H be bounded linear operators on 1. (a) Define wht it meons for $ to be compact. [5 marks] () Show that $ is compact IC and only if whenever () i a bounded sequence in 2H, (Sey) bas a convergent subsequence. (Hint: You may use without proof that w metse spaceis compact if and ony if every sequence contined in it has ‘convergent subsecuence) [6 marks] (6) Show that if 7 =f Hf are compact, then 80 is $+ [s marks) (4) Show that 4.5 is cempact and T is bounded then ST and T'S are compact. [6 mark (6) Stow that if $is compact then so is S* (Hi that (S*3q) is Candy.) {6 marks) (0) Desce that Sis campactifand only if S* {Bud of Paper