úHqy.

; úuiqï ni - SQL (Structured Query Language)

My SQL hkq ckms%h újD; fla; o;a; iuqod l<uKdlrK uDÿldx.hls' fuh ixj¾Okh lsÍu iy
kj ixialrK t<s±laùï isÿlrkq ,nkafka MySQ LAB úisk's
My SQL hkq iïnkaê; o;a; iuqodh l<uKdlrK uDÿldx.hls' fndfyda mß.Kl l%uf,aLk iu.
ls%hd;aul l< yel' (Wod - C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby) fõ.j;a" kuHYS,S
"wdrlaIdj iys; iy úYd, o;a; m%udKhla .nvdl< yels o;a; iuqodh l<uKdlrK moaO;shls'
My SQL úúO fufyhqï moaO;s j, ls%hd;aul l< yels w;r fjí wvú ks¾udKfha§ nyq,j Ndú;d
lrhs'

MySQL m%ldYk tys l%shdj,sh wkqj j¾. lrkq ,efí'

• o;a; w¾: ksrEmK NdIdj (Data Definition Language- DDL)

• o;a; fufyhùu i`oyd NdIdj (Data Manipulation Language- DML)
• o;a; md,k NdIdj (Data Control Language- DCL)
• oDIH w¾: ksrEmk NdIdj (View Definition Language- VDL)

o;a; w¾: ksrEmK NdIdj (Data Definition Language- DDL)

fuu fldgi Ndú;fhka o;a; mdolhla (Database) ks¾udKh lsÍu" uelSu" j.=j, jHqyh ieliSu"
Wm,eÅ (Field) fjkia lsÍu" Wm,eÅ uelSu wdÈh isÿl, yel'

My SQL ia:dmkh lr .ekSu'

My SQL uDÿldx.h wka;¾cd,fhka fkdñf,a nd.; lr.; yel' ta i`oyd http://dev.mysql.com

fhduqj Ndú;d l< yel' thg wu;rj WAMP, XAMPP, Workbench jeks uDÿldx. Ndú;d l<
yel'

My SQL újD; lr .ekSu'

Start All programs MySQL MySQL Command Line Client

My SQL ia:dmkh lsÍfïoS ,ndÿka uqrmoh ,ndfokak'
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 241 to server version: 3.23.49
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>

My SQL ;=<ska bj;aùu'

mysql> QUIT
mysql> exit

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 1|Page
My SQL wkqjdoh iy oskh ksÍlaIKh'

mysql> SELECT VERSION(), CURRENT_DATE;

+---------------------+--------------+
| VERSION() | CURRENT_DATE |
+---------------------+--------------+
| 5.0.27-community-nt | 2017-03-21 |
+---------------------+--------------+

My SQL fla; ,sùfïoS lemsg,a isïm,a wlaIr fíoh n, fkdmj;S'

mysql> SELECT VERSION(), CURRENT_DATE;

mysql> select version(), current_date;
mysql> SeLeCt vErSiOn(), current_DATE;

My SQL ;=<ska .Ks; l¾u isÿlsÍu'

mysql> SELECT SIN(PI()/4), (4+1)*5;

+-------------+---------+
| SIN(PI()/4) | (4+1)*5 |
+-------------+---------+
| 0.707107 | 25 |
+-------------+---------+
mysql> select now();
+---------------------+
| now() |
+---------------------+
| 2017-03-21 09:47:29 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

select
-> user()
-> ,
-> current_Date;
+----------------+--------------+
| user() | current_Date |
+----------------+--------------+
| root@localhost | 2017-03-21 |
+----------------+--------------+

My SQL úOdkhlska bj;aùu'

mysql> SELECT
-> USER()
-> \c
mysql>

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 2|Page
oekg ilialr we;s o;a; iuqodhka ksÍlaIKh'

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| company |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.11 sec)

o;a; iuqodhla ilia lsÍu

mysql> create database student;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

ilial, o;a; iuqodh Ndú;d lsÍu

mysql> use student;

Database changed

o;a; iuqodh ;=, j.= we;aoehs ksÍlaIKh

mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

ilial, o;a; iuqodh bj;a lsÍu

mysql> drop database student;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)

My SQL ys Ndú;djk o;a; j¾.

Numeric Data Types:
• INT - A normal-sized integer
• TINYINT - A very small integer
• SMALLINT - A small integer
• MEDIUMINT - A medium-sized integer
• BIGINT - A large integer
• FLOAT(M,D) - A floating-point number
• DOUBLE(M,D) - A double precision floating-point number
• DECIMAL(M,D) - An unpacked floating-point number

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 3|Page
Date and Time Types:
• DATE - A date in YYYY-MM-DD format
• DATETIME - A date and time combination in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS format
• TIME - Stores the time in HH:MM:SS format.

• YEAR(M) - Stores a year in 2-digit or 4-digit format.

String Types:
• CHAR(M) - A fixed-length string between 1 and 255 characters
• VARCHAR(M) - A variable-length string between 1 and 255 characters in length
j.=jla ks¾udKh lsÍu'
mysql> create database ex1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use ex1;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), owner VARCHAR(20),
-> species VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE, death DATE);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)

ilia l, j.=jla bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| courses |
| stu_details |
+-------------------+
mysql> drop table courses;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)

j.=j ms<sn`o úia;r n,d.ekSu'

mysql> describe pet;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| species | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| death | date | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 4|Page
j.=jlg m%d:ñl h;=rla tla lsÍu'

j.=jlg m%d:ñl h;=rla tla l< yels wdldr folla mj;S'

1' j.=j ks¾udKh lrk wjia:dfõ§
2' j.=j iïmQ¾Kfhka ks¾udKh lr wjidkfha§

j.=j ks¾udKh lrk wjia:dfõ§ j.=jlg m%d:ñl h;=rla tla lsÍu'

mysql> create database student;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use student;

Database changed
mysql> create table stu_details(sti int(4) not null, name varchar(20), address varchar(40), class
varchar(3), primary key (sti));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> describe stu_details;

+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sti | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | |
| class | varchar(3) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

j.=j ks¾udKh l, miqj m%d:ñl h;=rla tla lsÍu'

mysql> create table courses(cid int(4) not null, name varchar(20), duration varchar(10), price int(5));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> describe courses;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cid | int(4) | NO | | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| duration | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| price | int(5) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 5|Page
mysql> alter table courses add primary key (cid);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> describe courses;

+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cid | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| duration | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| price | int(5) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

j.=jl m%d:ñl h;=r bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> alter table stu_details drop primary key;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> describe stu_details;

+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sti | int(4) | NO | | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | |
| class | varchar(3) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

j.=jlg wd.ka;=l h;=rla tla lsÍu'

j.=jlg wd.ka;=l h;=rla tla l< yels wdldr folla mj;S'

1' j.=j ks¾udKh lrk wjia:dfõ§
2' j.=j iïmQ¾Kfhka ks¾udKh lr wjidkfha§

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 6|Page
j.=j ks¾udKh lrk wjia:dfõ§ j.=jlg wd.ka;=l h;=rla tla lsÍu'

mysql> create table course(cid int(4) not null,cname varchar(20), duration varchar(10), price
int(10),sti int(4), primary key (cid), foreign key (sti) references stu_details(sti));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)
mysql> describe course;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cid | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| cname | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| duration | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| price | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| sti | int(4) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

j.=j iïmQ¾Kfhka ks¾udKh l, miqj wd.ka;=l h;=rla tla lsÍu'

mysql> create table sport(spid int(4) not null, name varchar(20), sti int(4));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| course |
| sport |
| stu_details |
+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table sport add foreign key (spid) references stu_details(sti);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

j.=jl wd.ka;=l h;=r bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> alter table sport drop foreign key spid;

ERROR 1025 (HY000): Error on rename of '.\student\sport' to '.\student\#sql2-c34-2' (errno: 152)

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 7|Page
fuysoS iSud ixfla;ho (Constraint) we;=,;a lr wd.ka;=l h;=r bj;a l< hq;=h' tfia fkdue;s
jqjfyd;a by; wdldrfha fodaY mKsúvhla ,efí'

iSud ixfla;h (Constraint) ksÍlaIKh'

show create table sport;

| sport | CREATE TABLE `sport` (

`spid` int(4) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) default NULL,
`sti` int(4) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`spid`),
CONSTRAINT `sport_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`spid`) REFERENCES `stu_details` (`sti`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |

mysql> alter table sport drop foreign key sport_ibfk_1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.24 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

wd.ka;=l h;=r bj;aù we;aoehs ksÍlaIKh'

mysql> show create table sport;

| sport | CREATE TABLE `sport` (

`spid` int(4) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) default NULL,
`sti` int(4) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`spid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

jHQy.; úi`ÿï NdIdj fhdod .ksñka o;a; fufyhùu

(Data Manipulation Language- DML)

DML NdIdj Ndú;dlr j.=j,g my; i`oyka úodk ,ndfokq ,efí'

• j.=jlg w¨;a Wm,eÅhdk(Record) we;=,;a lsÍu - INSERT
• j.=jl Wm,eÅhdk hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu - UPDATE
• j.=jl wvx.= Wm,eÅhdk bj;a lsÍu – DELETE
• j.=jl wvx.= Wm,eÅhdk kej; ,nd.ekSu – SELECT

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 8|Page
j.=jlg o;a; we;=,;a lsÍu (Insert Query)

My SQL Ndú;fhka ilial, j.=jlg o;a; tla l< yels wdldr lsysmhls'

1' Insert into úOdkh Ndú;fhka'

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| course |
| sport |
| stu_details |
+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> describe stu_details;

+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sti | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | |
| class | varchar(3) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into stu_details values(1,'Dilshan Tharaka', 'Kaduruwela', 'G13');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_details;

+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
2' Set úOdkh Ndú;fhka'

mysql> insert into stu_details set sti=2,name='Nadun Madusanka', address='Kaduruwela',class='G13';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_details;

+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 9|Page
j.=jlg o;a; lsysmhla tljr tlalsÍu'

mysql> insert into stu_details (sti, name, address, class) values(3,'Tharaka Lakmal', 'Polonnaruwa',
'G12'), (4,'Isuru Yuresh','Polonnaruwa','G13'), (5,'Tishan Edirisinghe', 'Polonnaruwa', 'G12'), (6,
'Thilanka Sachith', 'Hingurakgoda', 'G13');
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from stu_details;

+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | G13 |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 6 | Thilanka Sachith | Hingurakgoda | G13 |
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.06 sec)

3' text f.dkqjla Ndú;fhka'

fuys§ j.=jlg tla l, hq;= o;a; text f.dkqjl igyka lr .;hq;=hs' miqj tu f.dkqj ;=, we;s
o;a; j.=jlg tla lr .; yel'

mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'C:/Users/Aruna Herath/Desktop/course.txt' into table course;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 3 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from course;

+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
| cid | cname | duration | price | sti |
+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
| 1 | DICS | 4 | 22000 | 1 |
| 2 | DTP | 4 | 19000 | 4 |
| 3 | Office | 3 | 12000 | 1 |
+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 10 | P a g e

j.=jl we;s o;a; keje; ,nd.ekSu' (Select Query)

j.=jl we;s o;a; úúOdldrfhka ,nd.; yel' fï i`oyd Select úOdkh Ndú;d lrhs' j.=jl we;s
o;a; keje; ,ndfokqfha j.=jla wdldrfhkau fõ'
iïmQ¾K j.=fõu we;s o;a; tljr ,nd.ekSu'
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| course |
| sport |
| stu_details |
+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_Details;

+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | G13 |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 6 | Thilanka Sachith | Hingurakgoda | G13 |
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from course;
+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
| cid | cname | duration | price | sti |
+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
| 1 | DICS | 4 | 22000 | 1 |
| 2 | DTP | 4 | 19000 | 4 |
| 3 | Office | 3 | 12000 | 1 |
+-----+--------+----------+-------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

fuys (*) ;rej ixfla;h u.ska ish¨u o;a; (All) hk w¾:h w`.jhs'

j.=jl we;s Wm,els (Field) w;ßka lSmhl o;a; ,nd.ekSu'

mysql> select sti, name from stu_Details;

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 11 | P a g e

+-----+--------------------+
| sti | name |
+-----+--------------------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka |
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe |
| 6 | Thilanka Sachith |
+-----+--------------------+

mysql> select cid, cname, price from course;

+-----+--------+-------+
| cid | cname | price |
+-----+--------+-------+
| 1 | DICS | 22000 |
| 2 | DTP | 19000 |
| 3 | Office | 12000 |
+-----+--------+-------+

Where wka;¾jdlH (Clause) Ndú;h

Wm,elshdkhl (Record) we;s ish¨ o;a; tljr m%;sodkh lsÍu'

mysql> select * from stu_details where name='Dilshan Tharaka';
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
+-----+-----------------+------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.10 sec)
mysql> select sti,name from stu_details where name='Dilshan Tharaka';
+-----+-----------------+
| sti | name |
+-----+-----------------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka |
+-----+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_details where address='polonnaruwa' and class='G12';

+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 12 | P a g e

mysql> select * from stu_details where address='polonnaruwa' or class='G12';
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | G13 |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_details where not (address='polonnaruwa');

+-----+------------------+--------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+------------------+--------------+-------+
| 1 | Dilshan Tharaka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | G13 |
| 6 | Thilanka Sachith | Hingurakgoda | G13 |
+-----+------------------+--------------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from stu_details where (address='polonnaruwa'and class='G13') or name='Tharaka

Lakmal';
+-----+----------------+-------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | class |
+-----+----------------+-------------+-------+
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | G12 |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | G13 |
+-----+----------------+-------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mejereu'

name owner species sex birth death

Fluffy Harold cat f 1993-02-04

Claws Gwen cat m 1994-03-17

Buffy Harold dog f 1989-05-13

Fang Benny dog m 1990-08-27

Bowser Diane dog m 1998-08-31 1995-07-29

Chirpy Gwen bird f 1998-09-11

Whistler Gwen bird 1997-12-09

Slim Benny snake m 1996-04-29

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 13 | P a g e

1' by; úia;r j,g wkqj pet f,i j.=jla ks¾udKh i`oyd wjYH My SQL fla;h ,shkak'
mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), owner VARCHAR(20), species
VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE, death DATE);
2. Tn úiska ks¾udKh l< j.=j ks¾udKh ù we;a±hs ksÍlaIKh lsÍug Ndú;d lrk fla;h
l=ulao@
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+------------------+
| pet |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

3. j.=j úia;rd;aulj ksÍlaIKh i`oyd ,súh hq;= fla;h l=ulao@

mysql> describe pet;

+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| species | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| death | date | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.02 sec)
4. by; j.=jg m<uq Wm,elshdkh tla lsÍu i`oyd ,súh hq;= fla;h l=ulao@
INSERT INTO pet VALUES ('Fluffy', 'Harold', 'cat', 'f', '1999-02-04', NULL);
5. ish¨ o;a; tlal, miq j.=j ±lsh yels wdldrh ksÍlaIKh i`oyd ,súh hq;= fla;h l=ulao@
mysql> select * from pet;
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1999-02-04 | NULL |
| Claws | Gwen | cat | f | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Fang | Benny | dog | m | 1999-08-27 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1998-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
| Chirpy | Gwen | bird | f | 1998-09-11 | NULL |
| Whistler | Gwen | bird | | 1997-12-09 | NULL |
| Slim | Benny | snake | m | 1996-04-29 | NULL |
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 14 | P a g e

6. my; fla; Ndú;fhka isÿjk ksÍlaIKhka ,shkak'
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name = "Bowser";
+--------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1998-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
+--------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

SELECT * FROM pet WHERE birth >= "1998-1-1";

SELECT * FROM pet WHERE species = "dog" AND sex = "f";

SELECT * FROM pet WHERE species = "snake" OR species = "bird";

mysql> select name, birth from pet;

+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Fluffy | 1999-02-04 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |
| Fang | 1999-08-27 |
| Bowser | 1998-08-31 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
+----------+------------+

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 15 | P a g e

mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth;
+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Bowser | 1998-08-31 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Fluffy | 1999-02-04 |
| Fang | 1999-08-27 |
+----------+------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth DESC;

+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Fang | 1999-08-27 |
| Fluffy | 1999-02-04 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Bowser | 1998-08-31 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "b%";

+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%fy";

+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 16 | P a g e

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%w%";
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
| Whistler | Gwen | bird | NULL | 1997-12-09 | NULL |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "_____";
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP "^b";
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP "fy$";
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pet;
+----------+
| COUNT(*) |
+----------+
| 9|
+----------+

j.=jl we;s Wm,elshla (Field) bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> alter table stu_details drop column class;

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.27 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 17 | P a g e

j.=jlg kj Wm,elshla (Field) tla lsÍu'

mysql> alter table stu_details add column class varchar(3);

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.26 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

j.=jl we;s Wm,elshla (Field) hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu'

mysql> alter table stu_details change class grade varchar(3);

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.20 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

j.=jl we;s Wm,elshl (Field) o;a; j¾.h fjkia lsÍu'

mysql> alter table stu_details modify grade int(3);

Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.29 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

j.=jl we;s Wm,elshdkh (Record) hdj;a ld,Sk lsÍu'

mysql> update stu_details set name='D.Tharaka', Address='Kaduruwela', grade=13 where sti=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from stu_details;
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | grade |
+-----+--------------------+--------------+-------+
| 1 | D.Tharaka | Kaduruwela | 13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | NULL |
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
| 6 | Thilanka Sachith | Hingurakgoda | NULL |

j.=jl we;s Wm,elshdkh (Record) bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> delete from stu_details where sti=6;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> select * from stu_details;
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| sti | name | address | grade |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
| 1 | D.Tharaka | Kaduruwela | 13 |
| 2 | Nadun Madusanka | Kaduruwela | NULL |
| 3 | Tharaka Lakmal | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
| 4 | Isuru Yuresh | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
| 5 | Tishan Edirisinghe | Polonnaruwa | NULL |
+-----+--------------------+-------------+-------+
wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 18 | P a g e
Cascade úOdkh Ndú;d lsÍu'

j.=jl fyda j.= lsysmhl wd.ka;=l h;=r Ndú;fhka iïnkaOlr we;s wjia:djl§ tu iEu
j.=jlg we;s Wm,elshdkhka tlajr bj;a lsÍu i`oyd fuu úOdkh Ndú;d l< yelsh' fï i`oyd
j.= ilia lsÍu wdrïN lrk wjia:dfõ§u on delete cascade úOdkh ,ndÈh hq;=hs'
mysql> create table students(stid int(4) not null references sport(stid), name varchar(20),address
varchar(40), primary key (stid));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> describe students;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| stid | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(40) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> create table sport(spid int(4) not null, name varchar(20),stid int(4), primary key (spid), foreign
key(stid) references students(stid) on delete cascade);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> describe sport;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| spid | int(4) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| stid | int(4) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> insert into students values(101, 'Pasindu Piumal','Polonnaruwa');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> insert into sport values(1, 'Cricket',101);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> select * from students;
+------+----------------+-------------+
| stid | name | address |
+------+----------------+-------------+
| 101 | Pasindu Piumal | Polonnaruwa |
+------+----------------+-------------+

mysql> select * from sport;

+------+---------+------+
| spid | name | stid |
+------+---------+------+
| 1 | Cricket | 101 |
+------+---------+------+

wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 19 | P a g e

tla j.=jla muKla Ndú;fhka j.= foflysu Wm,elshdk bj;a lsÍu'
mysql> delete from students where name='Pasindu Piumal';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> select * from sport;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from students;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

j.=jl we;s ish¨ o;a; bj;a lsÍu'

mysql> delete from students;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)

j.= lsysmhl we;s o;a; ,nd.ekSu'

mysql> select * from students,sport;

+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+
| stid | name | address | spid | name | stid |
+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+
| 101 | Pasindu Piumal | Polonnaruwa | 1 | Cricket | 101 |
+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+

mysql> select * from students,sport where students.stid=sport.stid;

+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+
| stid | name | address | spid | name | stid |
+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+
| 101 | Pasindu Piumal | Polonnaruwa | 1 | Cricket | 101 |
+------+----------------+-------------+------+---------+------+

mysql> select students.stid, sport.spid from students,sport where students.stid=sport.stid;

+------+------+
| stid | spid |
+------+------+
| 101 | 1 |
+------+------+

mysql> select students.stid, students.name, sport.spid from students, sport where

students.stid=sport.stid;
+------+----------------+------+
| stid | name | spid |
+------+----------------+------+
| 101 | Pasindu Piumal | 1 |
+------+----------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
wreK fyar;a w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< f;dr;=re yd ikaksfõok ;dlaIKh - My SQL 20 | P a g e