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Carbon and Its Compounds

This document provides an overview of carbon and its compounds. It discusses the allotropes of carbon including coal, graphite, and diamond. It also mentions that carbon occurs in carbonates and bicarbonates. Additionally, it outlines that carbon is important as a component of fuels and food, and is found in fossil fuels which were formed from decomposed plant and animal matter. It provides details on combustion, the three conditions required, and examples of primary and secondary fuels. Hazardous carbon monoxide is discussed as well as fire extinguishing devices.

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Aman mehra
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50 views2 pages

Carbon and Its Compounds

This document provides an overview of carbon and its compounds. It discusses the allotropes of carbon including coal, graphite, and diamond. It also mentions that carbon occurs in carbonates and bicarbonates. Additionally, it outlines that carbon is important as a component of fuels and food, and is found in fossil fuels which were formed from decomposed plant and animal matter. It provides details on combustion, the three conditions required, and examples of primary and secondary fuels. Hazardous carbon monoxide is discussed as well as fire extinguishing devices.

Uploaded by

Aman mehra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ICSE CLASS 8 CHEMISTRY

REVISION NOTES '


CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS

FREE STATE
AS COAL,
GRAPHITE,
DIAMOND
AS
CARBONATES,
AS CO2
BICARBONATES
CARBIDES OCCURRENCE
OF CARBON

FOOD
FOSSIL FUELS NUTRIENTS

Allotropy is the phenomenon where an element exists in two or more forms with identical chemical properties but
different physical properties

Fuels: Substances that burn


in air to produce heat and
light energy
Combustion: Primary fuels:
A chemical process in which Coal, wood, natural gas- obtained
substances combine with oxygen to directly from nature
produce a large amount of energy in Secondary fuels:
the form of heat and light Coke, kerosene, water gas- derived
3 conditions needed: from natural fuels
a. Combustible substance Fossil fuels: Coal, petroleum,
b. Supporter of combustion natural gas. They are the result of
c. Ignition temperature the decomposition of dead plant and
animal matter buried deep in the
Earth's crust.

Petroleum and its products


Flame
Fire extinguishers: Carbon monoxide:
Devices in which carbon dioxide When there is incomplete
is produced in different forms for burning, CO is produced
use as extinguishing agents to CO combines with
put off the flame haemoglobin to form carboxyl
a. Soda acid fire haemoglobin, This prevents
extinguisher Hb from carrying oxygen thus
b. Foam based extinguisher causing deprivation of oxygen
c. Liquid carbon dioxide to body cells
extinguisher CO is highly poisonous and
can cause death
CO is a reducing agent:
CuO + CO→ Cu + CO2
PbO + CO → Pb + CO2
Fe2O3 + 3C)→ 2Fe + 3CO2

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