Chapter 14

14.1 Pp = Kpγ H 2 ; Kp = Kp(δ′ = 0)R. With φ′ = 30º, θ = 15º, and α = 0, the value of

Kp(δ′ = 0) = 2.34 (Table 14.2). With θ = 15º, δ′ = 18º, δ′/φ′ = 18/30 = 0.6, the value

of R is 1.55 (Table 14.3). So,

1
Pp = ( 2.34 × 1.55)(17.8)(5) 2 ≈ 807 kN/m
2

14.2 Pp = Kpγ H 2. From Figure 14.5, for φ′ = 35º and δ′ = 23.33º, δ′/φ′ = 0.666, the

value of Kp is about 6.2. So,

1
Pp = (6.2)(17.56)(4.26) 2 = 987.88 kN/m
2

14.3 Pp = Kpγ H 2. From Figure 14.4, for φ′ = 30º and δ′ = 20º, the value of Kp is

about 5.5. So,

1
Pp = (5.5)(19)( 4) 2 = 836 kN/m
2

14.4 From Table 14.2, for φ′ = 30º and θ = 0, the value of Kp(δ′ = 0) = 3.0. For θ = 0 and

δ′/φ′ = 20/30 = 0.667, the value of R is about 1.75. So

1
Pp = (3 × 1.75)(19)(4) 2 ≈ 798 kN/m
2

14.5 From Eq. (14.15): Pp = γH 2Kp

α 10
Step 1: = = 0.333
φ ′ 30

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 Step 2: From Figure 14.7: K p (δ ′=φ ′) ≈ 8.5

δ ′ 18
Step 3: = = 0.6
φ ′ 30

Step 4: From Table 14.4: R ′ = 0.811

Step 5: K p = ( R ′)[K p (δ ′=φ ′) ] = (0.811)(8.5) = 6.893

1
Pp = (16.8)( 4.75) 2 (6.893) ≈ 1306 kN/m
2

⎡1 ⎤ 1
14.6 Eq. (14.16): Ppe = ⎢ γ H 2 K pγ ( e ) ⎥
⎣2 ⎦ cos δ ′

For kv = 0, kh = 0.25, δ′/φ′ = 15/30 = 0.5, the value of Kpγ (e) ≈ 3.95.

[
Ppe = (0.5)(18.5)(4.57) 2 (3.95) ] cos115 = 790 kN/m

2.75 m Pa
14.7 na = = 0.5 . φ′ = 40º; δ′ = 15º. Table 14.5: = 0.216
5 .5 m 0.5γ H 2

Pa = (0.216)(0.5)(15.8)(5.5)2 = 51.61 kN/m

6.5 ft c′ 255
14.8 na = ≈ 0 .3 ; = = 0.1
21 ft γ H (121)( 21)

Pa
From Table 14.6 for φ′ = 25º and δ′ = 15º, = 0.085 .
0.5γ H 2

Pa = (0.085)(0.5)(121)(21)2 ≈ 33 kN/m

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 ⎛ φ′ ⎞
14.9 σ a = 0.65γ H tan 2 ⎜ 45 − ⎟
⎝ 2⎠

⎛ 32 ⎞
= (0.65)(18)(8.23) tan 2 ⎜ 45 − ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠

= 29.6 kN/m 2

∑ M B1 = 0

⎛ 1 ⎞⎡ ⎛ 2.74 ⎞⎤
A=⎜ ⎟ ⎢(29.6)(2.74)⎜ ⎟⎥ = 60.71 kN/m
⎝ 1.83 ⎠ ⎣ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎦

B1 = (29.6)(2.74) – 60.71 = 20.39 kN/m

(29.6)(1.83)
B2 = C1 = = 27.08 kN/m
2

∑ M C2 = 0

⎛ 1 ⎞⎡ ⎛ 3.66 ⎞⎤
D=⎜ ⎟ ⎢(29.6)(3.66)⎜ ⎟⎥ = 108.33 kN/m
⎝ 1.83 ⎠ ⎣ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎦

C2 = (29.6)(3.66) – 108.33 = 0 kN/m

Strut Loads:

A = (60.71)(3.05) ≈ 185 kN

B = (B1 + B2)(3.05)

= (20.39 + 27.08)(3.05) ≈ 145 kN

C = (C1 + C2)(3.05)

= (27.08 + 0)(3.05) ≈ 83 kN

D = (108.33)(3.05) ≈ 330 kN

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 γH (19 )(8)
14.10 a. = = 3.61 < 4
c 42

Use Figure (14.14c) to determine the earth pressure envelope.

Maximum pressure intensity: σ a = 0.3γ H = (0.3)(19)(8) = 45.6 kN/m 2

The pressure envelope is shown below.

b. To determine the strut loads, refer to the following diagram.

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 ∑M B1 =0

⎛ 2⎞ ⎛2⎞
A(3) − (0.5)(45.6)( 2)⎜ 2 + ⎟ − ( 2)(45.6)⎜ ⎟ = 0
⎝ 3⎠ ⎝2⎠

Therefore, A = 70.93 kN/m

Also, sum of vertical forces, ∑V = 0

A + B1 = (0.5)(45.6)(2) + (45.6)(2)

or

70.93 + B1 = 136.8

Therefore, B1 = 65.87 kN/m

Due to symmetry, B2 = 65.87 kN/m

and

C = 70.93 kN/m

Strut load at A = (70.93)(s) = (70.93)(3.5) = 248.25 kN

Strut load at B = (B1 + B2)(s) = (65.87+65.87)(3.5) = 461.09 kN

Strut load at C = (70.93)(3.5) = 248.25 kN

125
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 126
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.