Revssion I

December 1973
U.S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

REGULATORY GUIDE
DIRECTORATE OF REGULATORY STANDARDS

REGULATORY GUIDE 1.60

DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA FOR SEISMIC DESIGN

OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

A. INTRODUCTION extensive study has been described by Newmark and

filurne in references 1, 2, and 3. After reviewing these
Criterion 2, "Design Bases for Protection Against referenced documents, the AEC Regulatory staff has
t determined as acceptable the following procedure for
Natural Phenomena ' of Appendix A. "General Design
defining the Design Response Spectta representing the
Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants," to 10 CFR Part 50. effects of the vibratory motion of the SSE, 1/2 the SSE,
"Uicensing of Production and Utilization Facilities:" and the Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE) on sites
requires, in part, that nuclear power plant structures, underlain by either rock or soil deposits and covering all
systems, and components important to safety be frequencies of interest. However, for unusually soft sites,
designed to withstand the effects of earthquakes. modification to this procedure will be required.
Proptsed Appendix A, "Seismic and Geologic Siting
Criteria." to 10 CFR Part 100, "Reactor Site Criteria," In this procedure, the configurations of the
would require, in part, that the Safe Shutdown horizontal component Design Response Spectra for each
Eartlhquake (SSE) be defined by response spectra of the two mutually perpendicular horizontal axes are
co, responding to the expected maximum ground
shown in Figure I of this guide. These shapes agree with
aiccelcrations. This guide describes a procedure
those developed by Newmark, Blume. and Kapur in
acceptable to the AEC Regulatory staff for defining
response spectra for the seismic design of nuclear power ,eference 1. In Figure I the base diagram consists of
three parts: the bottom line on the left part represents
plants. The Adviory Committee on Reactor Safeguards
the maximum ground displacement, the bottom line on
has been consulted concerning this guide and has
concurred in the regulatory position. the right part represents the maximum acceleration, and
the middle part depends on the maximum velocity. The
B. DISCUSSION horizontal component Design Response Spectra in
Figure I of this guide correspond to a maximum
In order to approximate the intensity and thereby horizontal rou'nd accehiration of 1.0 g. The maximum
ground displacement is taken proportional to the
estimate the maximum ground acceleration' of the
maximum ground acceleration, and is set at 36 inches
expected strongest ground motion (SSE) for a given site, for a ground acceleration of 1.0 g. The numerical values
proposed Appendix A to 10 CFR Part 100 specifies a
of design displacements, velocities, and accelerations for
number of required investigations. It does not. however, the horizontal component Design Response Spectra are
give a method for defining 1he response spectral
obtained by multiplying the corresponding values of the
coriesponding to the expected maximum ground maximum ground displacement and acceleration by the
acceleralion.
factors given in Table I of this guide. The displacement
region lines of the Design Response Spectra are parallel
Tit recorded ground accelerations and response to the maximum ground displacement line and are
spectlra of past earthquakes prwvide a basis for the shown on the left of Figure I. The velocity region lines
ralional designi of structures to resist earthquakes. The
slope downward from a frequency of 0.25 cp' (control
Design Response Spectra.' specified for design purposes, point D) to a frequency of 2.5 cps (control point C) and
can he developed statistically fromn response spectra of are shown at the top. The remaining two sets of lines
past strong-notion earthquakes (see reference I). An between the frequencies of 2.5 cps and 33 cps (control
I Sce deftintions at the end of the guide. point A). with a break at a frequency of 9 cps (control

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with themi :.not Moaweed. Methods, and Solutins~ different from those matout at The guidnd we aIssed on the f61otlgoaptn brood dit.,.orn
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INeismuwn of sonft~hunce Of 0 p0.915t of be~a by the Cormnkis.on I. P Power tt
Asissa Products
2. Researh eilM Test Iteecto. 7. Tru..mtel"nw
3. Puet and Mevrak Faecilties 8. occuptional Medth
Ptbtahed guodasmil b ewited
, wetldceltty. as eWoprmo.looccommodem 4. Environmatot and SitPi•t, 1. Antitrust Re 0
withite Mw sottorfft$Olt or OAu~ione.
torimamnan WM Mats, ink and Plans PIsmsctions Ia. Goneref
 point B). constitut; the acceleration region of the earthquake or (2) have physical characteristics that
horizontil Design Response Spectra. For frequencies could significantly affect the spectral pattern of input
higher than 33 cps. the maximumnt ground acceleration motion, such as being underlain by poor soil depxosts.
line repfc.ents the Design Rcptu.nw Spectra. the procedure described above will not apply. In these
"flih vertical component Design Response Spectra
cases, the Design Response Spectra should be developed
individually according to the site characteristics.
K
".orresponding to the maximum horizotd ground
a'cekreuti's of 1.0 g are shown in Figure 2 of this guide. C. REGULATORY POSITION
The numerical values of design displacements, velocities,
and accelerations in these spectra are obtained by 1. The horizontal component ground Design Response
multiplying the corresponding values of the maximum Spectra, without soil-structure interaction effects, of the
hJri:,ontal ground motion (acceleration = 1.0 g and SSE, 1/2 the SSE. or the OBE on sites underlain by rock
displacement = 36 in.) by the factors given in Table II of or by soil should be linearly scaled from Figure I1 in
this guide. The displacement region lines of the Design proportion to the maximum horizontal pound
Response Spectra are parallel to the maximum ground acceleration specified for the earthquake chosen. (Figure
displacement line and are shown on the left of Figure 2. I corresponds to a maximum horizontal ground
The velocity region lines slope downward from a acceleration of 1.0 5 and accompanying displacement of
frequency of 0.25 cps (control point D) to a frequency 36 in.) The applicable multiplication factors and control
of 3.5 cpa (control point C) and are shown at the top. points are gven in Table I. For damping ratios not
The remaining two sets of lines between the frequencies included in Figure I or Table I, a linear interpolation
of 3.5 cps and 33 cps (control point A), with a break at should be used.
the frcquency of 9 cpa (control point B), constitute the
acceleration region of the vertical Design Response 2. The vertical component ground Design Response
Spectra. It should be noted that the vertical Design Spectra, without soil-structure interaction effects, of the
Respunse Spectra values are 2/3 those of the horizontal SSE. 1/2 the SSE, or the OBE on sites underlain by rock
D'esiln Response Spectra for frequencies less than 0.25; or by soil should be linearly scaled from Figure 22 in
for frequencies lugher than 3.5, they are the same, while proportion to the maximum horizontal grouMd
the ratio varies between 2/3 and I for frequencies acceleration specified for the earthquake chosen. (Figure
between 0.25 and 3.5. For frequencies higher than 33 2 is based on a maximum hw algm d acdcrajn
cpM. the Design Response Spectra follow the maximum of 1.0 g and accompanying displacement of 36 in.) The
pound acceleration line. applicable multiplication factors and control points are
given in Table 11. For damping ratios not included in
The horizontal and vertical component Design Figure 2 or Table 11, a linear interpolation should be
Response Spectra in Figures I and 2, respectively, of this used.
guide correspond to a maximum horizontal ground
acceleration of 1.0 .* For sites with different
acceleration values specified for the design earthquake, 'This does not apply to sites which (1) an relatively com
the Design Response Spectra should be linearly scaled to the epcenter of an expected earthquake of (2) which haie
from Figures I and 2 in proportion to the specified physical characteristlca that couMd nifcantly affect the
spectral ,rmbinatia of input motion. The Desip Respuotn
maximum horizontal pound acceleration. For sites that Spectra for such sites should be developed on a cam-by-cam
(I) are relatively close to the epicenter of an expected

1.60.2
 DEFINITIONS
I relationship obtained by analyzing. evaluating, and
Respone Spectrum mcans a plot of the maximum statistically combining a number of individual response
response (acceleration. velocity. or displacemnct) of a spectra derived from the records of significant past
family of idealized single-depee-of-fieekrcn damped earthquakes.
oscillators as a function of natural frequencies (oi
periods) of the oscillators to a specified vibratory Maximum (peak) Ground Accderatio specified for a
motion input at their supports. When obtained from a given site means that value of the acceleration which
recorded earthquake record, the. response spectrurr corresponds to zero period in the design resporse spectra
tends to be irregular, with a number of peaks ane for that site. At zero period the design response spectra
valleys. acceleration is identical for all damping values and is
equal to the maximum (peak) gpound acceleration
Spectrum is a relatively smoot) I specified for that site.
Design Resp..

TABLE I

HORIZONTAL DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA

RELATIVE VALUES OF SPECTRUM AMPLIFICATION FACTORS
FOR CONTROL POINTS

Aenplificton Factors for Control Points

of Acmalation" ' OiqImnment''
Omanw0n A(33 qxl B(9 qx) C42.5 cpd W)(0.2S qchI

0.5 1.0 4.96 5.95 3.20

2.0 1.0 3.54 4.25 2.50
S.0 1.0 2.61 3.13 2.05
7.0 1.0 2.27 2.72 1A88
10.0 1.0 1.90 2.28 1.70

Maximum gound disyacament is taken proportional to matmwm

ground accelciation, and Is 36 In. for pround acceleration of 1.0 gravity.
sAbotimtion and displacement anplifkztion factor are taken from
gecoiunmastions Stan in teforence 1.

1.60-3
 VERTICAL DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA
RELATIVE VALUES OF SPECTRUM AMPLIFICATION FACTORS
FOR CONTROL POINTS

Perosnt Amplrification Fcitors for Control Points

Critlcal Acooeratioo' 2 s
ai
Daf•ping A(33 cps) 8(9 cps) C13.5 cm) D(0.25 cps)

0.5 1.0 4.96 5.67' 2.13

2.0 1.0 3.54 4.05 1.67
5.0 .0 2.61 2.98 1.37
7.0 1.0 2.27 2.59 1.25
10.0 1.0 1.90 2.17 1.13

'Maximum ground dispilacbment is taken proportional to maximum

gound acceleration and is 36 in. ftw ground acceleration of 1.0 gravity.
s Acceleration amplhllation factors for the vcfti'al design response
spectra arc equal to those for horizontal design re.sponse spcctra at a given
frequency. whereas dixplacement ampltfcation f'actms are 2/3 those rot hod
znnlal design response spectra. These ratios between the amplification factor
for the two desia response spectra are In agreement with thou recommended
n rceference I.
3Tbew values were changed to nake thb tabl consittsnt with the dis.
cussim of vertical cnmponents in Section B of this guide.

REFERENCES
I. Newnark. N. M.. John A. Blume. and Kanwar K.
Kapur, "Design Response Spectra for Nuclear Power
Spectra," Urbana, Illinois, USAEC Contract No.
AT(49-$)-2667, WASH-1 255, April 1973. K
Plants," ASCE Structural Engineering Meeting, Sin
Francisco. April 1973. 3. John A. Blume & Associates, "Recommendations
for Shape of Earthquake Response Spectra," San
2. N. M. Newmark Consulting Engineering Services, "A Francisco, California, USAEC Contract No.
Study of Vertical SW- Horizontal Earthquake AT(49-$)-301 I. WASH-1254. February 1973.

1.604
 0.1 02 0.s 1 2 5 10 2D 50 100
FRr WUENCY. cps

FIGURE 1. HORIZONTAL DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA - SCALED TO 1g HORIZONTAL

GROUND ACCELERATION
1000X

500

010e

4p
I5

0.1 0D2 0. 1 2 5 10 20 50 100

FREOUENCY. cp,

FIGURE 2. VERTICAL DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA - SCALED TO ig HORIZONTAL

GROUND ACCELERATION
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