Capstone Chap 1 5 Last Revisions
Capstone Chap 1 5 Last Revisions
Capstone Chap 1 5 Last Revisions
ELECTRICAL SOURCE
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of SHS Department
Rogationist College
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements in III and Capstone
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Strand
Project Context
Electrical outlets have evolved into a practical source of power, particularly within
our homes. Living in a time where essentially everything we need on a daily basis is
laptops or smartphones for our academic goals. Although the types and voltage
produced by these sockets can vary, they typically deliver AC voltage to supply energy.
Humidifiers and study lamps have recently been able to join the trend. Many
people purchase these items so they can study more peacefully. Study lamps are useful
for studying at night because they do not emit an excessive amount of dispersed light,
which can irritate our eyes at that time of day. On the other hand, humidifiers have a
function that may benefit our health. These appliances add moisture to the air to prevent
irritation-causing dryness of the skin, lips, nose, and throat. Moreover, it might lessen
Despite this, when the length of our chargers is too long to reach the socket,
location for humidifiers and study lamps at the same time. In order to have all three of
these in one location that may be placed atop our desks for studying, the researchers
came up with a solution. By using this product to charge gadgets while studying,
customers will not have trouble getting to or locating outlets. Moreover, it has a built-in
humidifier that users may turn on and off as well as a study lamp. The product uses
The envisioned product has both interior and exterior components as well as a
rectangular shape. Where and how electricity is generated can be found inside. It
consists of batteries, DC motors with gears attached that have different sizes for gear
proportion in order to increase the RPM. Wires are linked to the DC motors and routed to
the sockets, lamp, and humidifier in order to make use of the electricity that it generates.
Alternately, the items mentioned so far are present on the exterior. It primarily comprises
the lamp, humidifier, and two US-Euro sockets, one of which has a switch, giving it a
total of three usable sockets. Also, the product has a handle that allows the user to carry
it or move it to different locations if they choose to do so. However, this is also provided
the evacuee since it is essential, particularly in the time that we currently live in.
Research Questions
1.1 User-friendly
1.2 Eco-friendly
1.3 Affordable
2.1 Power-output
2.2 Manageability
3.1 Durability
3.2 Safety
3.3 Permanence
Generally, this study aims to innovate a product that has multipurpose. A transportable
means of batteries.
4. Be a product that will be useful for homes and community usage.
Conceptual Framework
I. Knowledge I. Planning
home without any charges to pay. Moreover, it will provide healthy air to breathe with its
humidifier, reducing the risk of having respiratory diseases and other related
illnesses.
Students. Aside from having a portable energy source and providing healthier air,
ReVolta-Fresh also includes a lamp, study lamp specifically, that can be used for study
Communities. For communities that are having power outages, ReVolta-Fresh can be
an alternative solution for this problem. They can use the electricity it generates to be
utilized for most important matters such as charging phones and having light at
night.
Gases emissions produced by burning of fossil fuels for electricity. The electricity it will
produce will come from kinetic movement of magnets which is very eco-friendly for it
does not form any material that contains carbon. This will lessen the possibility of climate
The researchers had defined the following terms to easily understand the study:
Dynamo. This term refers to an electric generator that uses a commutator to generate
direct current.
Electric Field. A physical field known as an electric field is produced by electric charges
or shifting magnetic fields. The force per unit charge applied to a test charge placed at a
behave.
Gear proportion. Is the ratio between the number of teeth on two gears that are
meshed together, or two sprockets connected with a common roller chain, or the
RPM. Stands for revolutions per minute, is a unit of measurement used to represent the
speed at which a mechanical part, like an engine or rotating shaft, rotates. It measures
This chapter presents various studies, articles and literature that were used in the study
after careful examination by the researchers. The referenced literature and studies in this
chapter exhibit a wide range of research conducted by a variety of specialists in relation to the
subject that the researchers are considering. This will serve as a guide for the researchers as
they work on the project and aid in their search for factual data to support the study's specific
findings.
Electromagnetism
Production of electricity has evolved fast throughout the years. In the modern day, various ways
of producing electricity can be found around the world. One of the most known ways to produce
current that is produced through voltage production because of inconsistent magnetic fields. It
also happens when a conductor is constantly moving in a stationary magnetic field. With this,
ReVolta is designed using rotating CDs utilizing the usage of small screws which serves as the
conductors of electricity.
do not need a method to supply field current. These types of generators are reliable, though
they lack any mechanisms for regulating the output voltage. These are commonly used on wind
turbines, where an electronic frequency converter is used to supply a power system with the
experimentally. The performance of the gears was compared to that of conventional mechanical
gears by the authors, who tested the RPM and torque production of the gears under various
working situations. According to their findings, magnetic gears have various advantages over
conventional gears, including decreased noise and vibration, increased efficiency, and improved
Gear Proportion
A brand-new concept for a two-stage planetary gear train for wind turbines was put out by
Wang, Zhang, and Peng in (2021). The results of the authors' thorough examination of the gear
train's operation under various load circumstances revealed that the new design has substantial
advantages over earlier ones in terms of torque capacity, effectiveness, and dependability.
Samantaray, Singh, and Mohanty (2021) developed a dynamic model for a two-stage gear train
with nonlinear mesh stiffness and backlash. The authors investigated the effects of these factors
on the gear train's performance, and their results showed that the nonlinearities can significantly
affect the gear train's natural frequencies and response amplitudes. The authors also proposed
some design modifications to reduce the effects of nonlinearities on the gear train's
performance.
Humidifier
This study investigated the effects of using a humidifier on indoor air quality and respiratory
health in children with sick building syndrome (SBS), a condition caused by poor indoor air
quality. The study involved 69 children with SBS who were randomly assigned to either a
humidifier or control group. The humidifier group used a humidifier in their bedrooms for 4
weeks, while the control group did not use any additional equipment. The results showed that
the humidifier group had significantly lower levels of airborne particles and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and improved respiratory symptoms and quality of life compared to the
control group. The study concludes that using a humidifier can effectively improve indoor air
quality and alleviate respiratory symptoms in children with SBS Kim, J. L., Cho, S. H., Kim, D.
The study "Design and Performance Analysis of DC Motor-Generator Set for Electricity
Production" examines the design and operation of a DC motor-generator set for the purpose of
the study using MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation findings are experimentally validated. The
study finds that the DC motor-generator set is an efficient and powerful choice for producing
electricity, making it appropriate for a variety of uses including small-scale industries, rural
electrification, and emergency backup power systems. B. K. Gupta, R. K. Jain, and R. D. Gupta
(2012).
motor-based electricity generation, discussing the working principle and design of DC motors,
their use in electricity generation, and their advantages and disadvantages compared to other
technologies. The authors present a review of recent research in the field, including studies on
the use of DC motors in wind turbines and hydroelectric power plants, and highlight potential
future developments in the technology. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview
of the use of DC motors in electricity generation and its potential as a sustainable energy source
Elserougi, A., Atallah, K., Eteiba, M. B., & Abdel Aleem, S. H. (2018).
Renewable Energy
The majority of communities around the world significantly rely on coal, natural gas, and oil.
These fuels consume a lot of resources that will eventually run out, making them either too
expensive or too harmful to the environment to recover. Based on the benefits of these energy
resources, using renewable energies in place of fossil fuels will be a good solution for the
control of the environmental, social, and economic problems of our communities. This review
The Philippines' economy endured the lowest growth over the year, and Filipinos were
subjected to numerous human catastrophes. The intermittent reliability of fossil fuel facilities has
resulted in forced power outages and unscheduled maintenance. As a result of the so-called
manual load reduction to maintain power grid stability, 17 power-generating businesses went
offline and exceeded their plant outage limitations in the first half of 2021 alone. Rolling
blackouts, which have usually only occurred during the hottest months of March and April. A
solution to the Philippines’ economic and energy woes is to invest more in renewable energy
development.
Synthesis
After presenting a variety of pertinent journals, articles, and research, there are various
concepts concerning the given mechanisms and materials for this study. This section of the
chapter seeks to discuss deeper understanding on the aforementioned topics and how the
To begin, electromagnetism is one of the major mechanisms that will make ReVolta-Fresh work.
One of the cited articles suggests that permanent-powered generators are reliable even though
they lack any mechanisms for regulating the output voltage. One of the aims of the researchers
is to have a transportable outlet. To do this, the source of electricity must be built in and should
presented studies help in improving indoor air quality. A study showed that people who used
humidifiers had less harmful airborne particles compared to those who did not. This in particular
supports one of the objectives of the researchers which is to create an eco-friendly device.
In the study "Design and Performance Analysis of DC Motor-Generator Set," it was found that
DC Motor-Generator Sets are efficient and powerful, suitable for small-scale industries, rural
electrification, and emergency backup power systems. This supports how the researchers
decided to use a DC motor to efficiently make use of the power provided by the magnets.
Lastly, one of the problems the world changes currently is consuming too much non-renewable
energy. With this, renewable energies such as electromagnetic energy can help in the problem
stated.
CHAPTER 3
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
Project Design
The project is designed to be handy and portable for the users. Hence, the innovators decided
to make it in a rectangular-box shape for it can be carried like just a briefcase. The product has
dimensions 14x12x7 inches approximately. The innovators made the product as small as
Atop the surface of ReVolta-Fresh, found are the handle, lamp and humidifier. The space
provided at the side of these accessories is for the user to place some objects or valuables such
as phones, pencil holders, etc. Simultaneously, this is to provide enough space for the DC
motors and mechanisms inside the ReVolta-Fresh. Lastly, the outlets are placed at the side,
adjacent to the lamp and humidifier so that it is suited for tables and other surfaces at home.
Lastly, a switch is placed beside the sockets which allows for the product to be turned on or off.
Overall, every detail of the design of ReVolta-Fresh is made for a purpose. The innovators
made it as simple as possible so that it will be easy to use and manageable for users.
Requirement Analysis
The figure above shows the front, top, and side view of the Prototype. The exterior part is
composed of the lamp, humidifier, and US-Euro sockets attached at the side. Atop the casing is
where the lamp and humidifier are found and only occupies half of its area; in the middle part is
where the handle is attached mainly for transportation; meanwhile the other half is free space
where the user can put any desired materials such as pencil holders, phone holders,
eyeglasses, and etc. The prototype is designed carefully to minimize space while maximizing its
functions. Beside the casing is where the outlets are attached. Its placement of each part has
been carefully designed by the researchers considering the ease of use for the users.
Figure 3.2 Circuit
Figure 3.2 shows the circuit diagram of the prototype which is found in the interior part of the
project. Inside the casing is where the DC motors, DC-AC converter, and wirings are found. The
sockets, lamp, humidifier and switches are exposed outside the casing but its wiring
connections are hidden in the box for safety and pleasing appearance. The project utilizes
parallel circuit for it to provide electricity to all appliances and objects simultaneously.
Furthermore, DC-AC converter is used to transform the DC output of the motors into AC voltage
output. The parts inside the casing as well as the circuit it has are the reason behind the
Research Setting
This study will take place at Rogationist College Km 52. During the second semester of
the academic year 2022-2023, Aguinaldo Highway, Lalaan II, Silang, Cavite will be closed. All
Statistical Treatment
The research questions will be answered utilizing the following methods to be applied to
Frequency and Percentage. Frequency and Percentage was done by adding the number of
genders and average of the observers that is equal to the number of samples. And in getting
the percentage, the frequency over the total number of the sample multiplied to 100%
Where: P – Percentage
F– Frequency
CHAPTER IV
As the researchers were developing ReVolta-Fresh, the main objectives of the study
were put to consideration in order to make a product that would satisfy the objectives. The trials,
Originally, the product was designed to have both external and internal designs with both
functioning mechanisms. The external part of the product is made up of the casing, humidifier,
outlets, and lamps. On the contrary, the internal part is where the materials that cause the
mechanisms to work are put. Namely the neodymium magnets, DC motor, DC-AC converter
and wires.
However, upon further examination and testing of the original design, the researchers decided
to modify the mechanisms. Using the neodymium magnets were possible but the product was
unable produce consistent output voltage resulting in failure of the product. Due to this, batteries
and gears were added in the mechanism changing the original source of electricity from
electromagnetic induction of the neodymium magnets to the energy produced by the batteries.
Gears were put in the DC motors with different sizes to increase RPM resulting in an increased
Results
During the data gathering procedure, questionnaires along with testing procedures were
provided to the selected respondents. To determine if the product is effective, the given
questionnaires were treated with a frequency and percentage distribution or simply averaging.
SOP 1 and 3 would be answered by the respondents while SOP 2 and 4 would be answered by
the researchers themselves. Provided herein are the initial results of the study prior to the
a. Power-Output
b. Manageability
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
No. Criterion
(YES)
Yes No
Table 4.1 shows the evaluation of the respondents regarding the performance of
ReVolta-Fresh power-output of ReVolta-Fresh. The results revealed 96% (48) agreed that the
voltage output of the product is enough to supply electricity for certain gadgets or appliances.
Statement 2 similarly indicated a high percentage of 98% (49) which agreed that the voltage
type produced by the product matches the required voltage by the gadgets to which it provides
Overall, respondents agree that the performance of ReVolta-Fresh in terms of its power-
output is enough to supply electricity for certain or specific gadgets and the voltage type it
produces meets the required voltage by the gadgets. This is proven by the percentage of the
respondents who agreed reaching a total of 97% being in agreement that the product ReVolta-
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
No. Criterion
(YES)
Yes No
1 indicates that the directions or the user-manual of the product easy to understand for the
users having 100% (50) of the respondents agree. Statement 2 had 100% (50) of the
respondents agree that the switches and the battery holder are both easy to find and use.
use or user manual as well as finding and using the switches and battery holder in the product
a. Durability
b. Safety
c. Permanence
In conclusion, out of the 15 responses, 14 turned out to be yes showing that 93.33% of
the responses are in agreement which suggests that the product indeed is durable.
Table 4.4 encompasses the evaluation of the researchers concerning the safety of the
product. Statement showed that 80% (4) of the researchers agree that the sockets do not short
circuit. Simultaneously, statement 2 had 100% (5) of the researchers agree that the wirings are
not grounded or does not have any open circuit.
In general, the researchers assess that the product is safe for usage as 90% of the
answers were yes, suggesting that the product is indeed safe to use for the general public.
Table 4.5 Permanence
Table 4.5 focuses on the permanence of the product or how long the product may sustain and
support electricity production. In contrast to the prior tables, permanence had the lowest yes
frequency giving it only a total of 4 among 5 respondents or 80% of the researchers who
answered was yes. Thus, 20% (1) of the respondents agree that the product has high
permanence.
Given this, we can conclude that the product cannot provide nor sustain electricity output
production for a long time.
a. User-friendly
b. Eco-friendly
c. Affordable
Overall, ReVolta-Fresh is a device that is user-friendly having 98% of the responses turn
out as yes meaning the participants are in agreement with regards to the user-friendliness of the
product
To finalize, table 4.7 reveals that the product is affordable according to the responses as
it shows that 94% of the answers are yes meaning the respondents agree that the product is
affordable if it is ever sold in the market for the general public taking into consideration all its
functions and purposes
Below is the overall evaluation of the innovators if the product is effective and is advisable for
community usage
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE (YES)
Yes No
5 0 100%
As presented above, table 4.4 showcases the frequency and percentage of the
researchers who agreed that ReVolta-Fresh is effective and is advisable to use for the general
public. This was done after thorough analysis of the data gathered during the data gathering
procedure. All 5 researchers Which means 100% of the researchers are in agreement that
ReVolta-Fresh is both effective and advisable for community usage.
Chapter 5
This chapter includes the summary of the findings, conclusions, and recommendations
of the study.
Summary
ReVolta Fresh aims to innovate a product that has multipurpose. A transportable product
that has electrical sockets, a lamp, and a humidifier. this is also provided so that during
1.1 User-friendly
1.2 Eco-friendly
1.3 Affordable
2.1 Power-output
2.2 Manageability
3.2 Safety
3.3 Permanence
Proponents utilized a close-end question checklist in which respondents were asked about the
friendliness, affordability, efficacy, and advisability. The study included fifty respondents.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, the proponents were able to come up with the following
conclusions:
particular gadgets, and the voltage it produces meets the voltage requirements of the
gadgets. This is evident in the result of our survey, which had a percentage of 97%
where the respondents believed that ReVolta-Fresh provides great power output.
2. ReVolta-Fresh's manageability in terms of its directions for use or user manual, as well
as identifying and utilizing the product's switches and battery holder, demonstrates that it
has great manageability, as seen by the responses to the survey, which reached a 100%
yes.
product being durable without malfunctioning while being traveled to different places,
demonstrating that the attached materials are firmly connected to the casing.
4. When it comes to the safety of ReVolta-Fresh, the researchers estimate that the product
is 90% safe to use, implying that the product is safe for the general public to use.
5. The researchers have assessed that the product's permanence is low because ReVolta
Fresh can only sustain and support 2 to 3 hours of electricity usage. This indicates
6. In terms of the product’s user-friendliness, the survey found that 98% of respondents
agreed that the product is suitable for all ages except infants and that it corresponds the
7. The eco-friendliness of the product is agreed upon by the respondents, with 98%
agreeing that the materials used are eco-friendly and the product itself is non-polluting.
8. When it comes to the product's affordability, it is said that 94% of respondents think that
the product is reasonable for its price considering all of its functions and purposes.
9. Upon reviewing the overall results of the survey, it is evident that ReVolta-Fresh is
Recommendations
Based on the results and conclusions of the study, the following recommendations are
presented.
1. The proponents suggested changing the product's power output to make it more
thermal or mechanical energy since they believe the product will be much more
efficient to use.
2. The researchers suggested increasing the voltage so that additional gadgets with
higher voltage may be used. This is agreed upon by the proponents, who
References
Ocheni (2018). Empirical Analysis of Indirect Taxation and Economic Development of Nigeria.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326875679
Apanada, M. J. (2021). Why the Time Is Right for Renewable Energy in the Philippines.
philippines?fbclid=IwAR0WKgReeKicQwRw7kr_87SjrHyRwfxBGpg5VCURH1nA1-tU-
MUAtknF_Vc
https://www.britannica.com/technology/electric-generator/Permanent-magnet-generators
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST
ReVolta-Fresh
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST
ReVolta-Fresh:
2.2 Safety
2.3 Permanence
3.2 Eco-friendly
3.3 Affordable