Ranjeet Sir

TestNG
TestNG is a popular testing framework for Java that allows users to perform
automated testing for web applications. Selenium, on the other hand, is a popular
automation testing tool that enables users to automate web browsers. Combining these
two tools allows developers to create powerful automated tests for their web applications.

What is TestNG Framework?

TestNG is an open-source test automation framework for Java. It is developed on the
same lines as JUnit and NUnit. A few advanced and useful features provided by TestNG
make it a more robust framework than its peers. The NG in TestNG stands for ‘Next
Generation.’Created by Cedric Beust, it is used more frequently by developers and
testers in test case creation owing to its ease of using multiple annotations, grouping,
dependence, prioritization, and parametrization features.


TestNG provides you full control over the test cases and the execution of the test cases.
Due to this reason, TestNG is also known as a testing framework.

Features of TestNG

Multiple Before and After annotation options


Before and after annotations are used to execute a certain set of code before and after
executing the test methods. These annotations are used to set the variables or
con guration before the start of the execution of test methods and clean up all the
variables after the execution ends. Some of the Before and After annotations are
@BeforeSuite, @BeforeTest, @BeforeGroups, @BeforeClass, etc.

XML-based test con guration


Test suites in a Testng are mainly con gured by using the XML-based le. Testng.xml le is
used to organize and run the test suites. The testng.xml le is used to create the test
suites by using classes, test methods, packages as well as by using the test groups. It is
also used to pass the parameters to test classes or methods.

Dependent methods

Dependency is a feature of Testng that allows a test method to depend on the single or
group of test methods. Dependency works on the principle "depend-on-method" which
must be either in the same class or in the inherited base class. This is the most important
feature in TestNG that tells the TestNG to run the dependent test method after the
execution of a given test method. You can also con gure whether you want dependent test
method should be executed or not even after the execution of the given test method fails.

Groups

TestNG groups allow you to group the test methods. By using TestNG groups, you can
declare the methods in a group as well as you can declare the groups within a group. The
Testng group can be used to include a certain set of groups and can exclude another set
of groups.
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Dependent groups

Similar to the Dependent methods, test methods in a group can depend on the test
methods of another group.

Parameterization of test methods


One of the most important feature of TestNG is Parameterization. This feature allows you
to pass the arguments as parameters and this achieved by
using testng@Parameters annotation. We can pass the parameters to test methods in two
ways, i.e., testng.xml le and DataProviders.

Data-driven testing

TestNG allows users to perform data-driven testing. This testing allows users to execute
the same test multiple times with multiple sets of data. To achieve the data-driven testing,
DataProvider feature is used. DataProvider is a data feeder method that executes the test
method with multiple sets of data.

Multithreaded execution

Multithreaded execution is the parallel execution of tests. Multithreading means the
execution of multiple parts of software at the same time. Based on the con guration in the
XML le, multiple threads are started, and test methods are executed in them.
Multithreaded execution saves a lot of execution time.

Better reporting

Testng provides XML and HTML reports by default for test execution. You can even add
your own custom reports when required.

What are the advantages of TestNG?

· TestNG provides parallel execution of test methods
· It allows to define dependency of one test method over other method
· It allows to assign priority to test methods @Test(priority=1, groups = “Login”)
· It allows grouping of test methods into test groups
· It has support for parameterizing test cases using @Parameters annotation
· It allows data driven testing using @DataProvider annotation
· It has different assertions that helps in checking the expected and actual results
· Detailed (HTML) reports
· Testng Listeners
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What is the importance of testng.xml file?
In a Selenium TestNG project, we use testng.xml file to configure the complete
test suite in a single file. Some of the features are as follows.
• testng.xml file allows to include or exclude the execution of test methods
and test groups
• It allows to pass parameters to the test cases
• Allows to add group dependencies
• Allows to add priorities to the test cases
• Allows to configure parallel execution of test cases
• Allows to parameterize the test cases

What is TestNG Annotation?

TestNG Annotation is a piece of code which is inserted inside a program or business logic
used to control the ow of execution of test methods.

List of TestNG Annotations

@BeforeSuite: The @BeforeSuite annotated method is executed before the execution of

all the test cases de ned in the folder.

@BeforeSuite is used when we have different URLs to run your test cases. Environment
variables are set in a @BeforeSuite annotated method so that before executing all the test
cases, you need to load all the environment variables for your framework, and then it starts
executing your test cases.

The @BeforeSuite annotated method is given as the rst priority, so it is executed before
all the other test methods.

@AfterSuite: The @AfterSuite annotated method is executed after the execution of all the
test methods in the Suite. The Suite is basically a testng.xml le so we can say that
@AfterSuite annotated method is executed after the execution of an XML le.

The @BeforeSuite annotation is used to set up or start the selenium drivers while the
@AfterSuite annotation is used to stop the selenium web drivers.

@BeforeTest: The method which comes under the @BeforeTest annotation will be

executed rst before any test belonging to that folder.

@AfterTest:  The test method under the @AfterTest annotated method is executed after
the execution of all the test methods of the available classes which are kept inside the tag
in the testng.xml le in the suite.

@BeforeClass: The @BeforeClass annotated method runs before the execution of test
methods in a current class.
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@BeforeMethod is speci c to a class not to an XML le. The @BeforeMethod annotated
method will be invoked before the execution of each test method where the test method is
nothing but a test case. Suppose there are four test methods in a class then the
@BeforeMethod annotated method is executed before the execution of each test method.
If there are four test methods, then four times @BeforeMethod annotated method will be
invoked.

@AfterMethod annotation is speci c to a class not to an XML le. The @AfterMethod

annotated method will be invoked after the execution of each test method. Suppose there
are four test methods means that @AfterMethod annotated method will be executed four
times.

TestNG allows the testers to create multiple test cases into a single group through the use
of attribute 'group' in the @Test annotation. We can say that TestNG groups allow you to
add similar functionalities in the same group. For example, student_id, student_name,
student_address are the details of a student, and all these details are added in a same
group, i.e., "student details".

What are the annotations available in TestNG?

@BeforeTest
@AfterTest
@BeforeClass
@AfterClass
@BeforeMethod
@AfterMethod
@BeforeSuite
@AfterSuite
@BeforeGroups
@AfterGroups
@Test

Example :

package Annotations;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Annotation {

//Execution sequence of annotations

// @BeforeSuite -- Setup systemproperty
// @BeforeTest --> Enter URL
// @BeforeClass --> Launchbrowser
// @Beforemethod -->Login application
// @test - GoogleTitle1
// @AfterMehtod --> Logoutfrom application

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 Ranjeet Sir
// @Beforemethod -->Login application
// @test - GoogleTitle2
// @AfterMehtod --> Logoutfrom application
// @Beforemethod -->Login application
// @Test --> googleTitle3
// @AfterMehtod --> Logoutfrom application
// @Afterclass -->Close brwoser
// @AfterTest --> DeleteCookies

// Precondition annotations
// 1.@Beforesuite - Setup system pro

// In real time project we don't need all these annotations we use onlt
// beforeclass @beforemethod @Test @Aftermethod @Afterclas

@BeforeSuite
public void Setup() {
System.out.println("@BeforeSuite -- Setup systemproperty");
}

// 2.BeforeTest
@BeforeTest
public void URL() {
System.out.println("@BeforeTest --> Enter URL");
}

// 3.BeforeClass

@BeforeClass
public void Launchbrowser() {
System.out.println("@BeforeClass --> Launchbrowser");
}

// 4 @BforeMethod
@BeforeMethod
public void Login() {
System.out.println("@Beforemethod -->Login application");
}

// @Test annotation
@Test
public void googleTitle1() {
System.out.println("@test - GoogleTitle1");
}

@Test
public void googleTitle2() {
System.out.println("@test - GoogleTitle2");
}

// Postcondition annotation
// 5.Aftersuite
@AfterMethod
public void Logout() {
System.out.println("@AfterMehtod --> Logoutfrom application");
}

// 6.@AfterCLass
@AfterClass
public void closebrpwse() {
System.out.println("@Afterclass -->Close brwoser");
}

// 7.@AfterTest
@AfterTest
public void deletecookies() {

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System.out.println("@AfterTest --> DeleteCookies");

}
// 8.AfterSuite

public void logout1() {

System.out.println("@Aftersuite -->> Logout1");
}

@Test
public void googletitle3() {
System.out.println("@Test --> googleTitle3");
}

 Ranjeet Sir
Example 2

package TestNgFeatures;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class FirstProgram {

WebDriver driver;
@BeforeMethod
public void Setup() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/Users/ranjeetkendre/
Documents/chromedriver");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/index.php/auth/
login");
}
@Test
public void C() {
String Title1 = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println(Title1);
System.out.println("C");
}
@Test
public void B() {
boolean logo1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//img[@alt=\"company-
branding\"]")).isDisplayed();
System.out.println(logo1);
System.out.println("B");
}
@Test
public void A() {
boolean logo1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//img[@alt=\"company-
branding\"]")).isDisplayed();
System.out.println(logo1);
System.out.println("A");
}
@AfterMethod
public void Teardown() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(4000);
driver.quit();
}
}

 Ranjeet Sir

1. Exclude/Include test cases

TestNG provides the feature of enabling and disabling the test cases. We can disable a set
of test cases from getting executed. For example, consider a scenario where a serious bug
occurs in a feature due to certain tests, so we need to disable the test cases from being
executed.

In TestNG, test cases can be disabled in two ways:

◦ You can disable the test case in a @Test annotation.

◦ You can disable the test case in the XML le.
◦
enabled

The 'enabled' attribute contains the boolean value. By default, its value is true. If you want
to skip some test method, then you need to explicitly specify 'false' value.

How to create a xml le




Right click on the project. Move your cursor down, and you will see TestNG and then click
on the Convert to TestNG.
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You can trigger all the test cases from a single le known as xml le. Xml le is the heart of
TestNG framework.

Importance of XML le in TestNG Con guration

In TestNG, you can de ne multiple test cases in a single class whereas, in Java, you can
de ne only one test in a single class in the main() method. In Java, if you want to create
one more test, then you need to create another java le and de ne the test in the main()
method.

Instead of creating test cases in different classes, we recommend you to use TestNG
framework that allows you to create multiple test cases in a single class.

You can create multiple test cases with the help of @Test annotation.

2. Priority in TestNG
Priority is an attribute that tells TestNG which order the tests need to follow. When we have
multiple test cases and want to execute them in a particular order, the TestNG priority
attribute helps in executing the test cases in that order.
• The test cases get executed in ascending order of the priority list. Thus, test cases
with lower priority get executed rst. 
• One test method is allowed to have only one test priority in TestNG. 
• If test priority is not de ned explicitly while running multiple cases, TestNG assigns
all cases with a Default test priority, i.e., zero (0).

Example

package TestNgFeatures;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Keyword1 {

//Test execution order with priority

WebDriver driver;

@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@BeforeMethod
public void Setup() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/Users/
ranjeetkendre/Documents/chromedriver");
driver = new ChromeDriver();






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driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/
index.php/auth/login");
}
@Test(priority = 1)
public void B() {
boolean logo1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//
img[@alt=\"company-branding\"]")).isDisplayed();
System.out.println(logo1);
System.out.println("B");
}

@Test(priority = 2)
public void A() {
boolean logo1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//
img[@alt=\"company-branding\"]")).isDisplayed();
System.out.println(logo1);
System.out.println("A");
}

@AfterMethod
public void Teardown() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(4000);
driver.quit();
}
}

 Ranjeet Sir



2.1 Test Order without Priority in TestNG

In cases where there are multiple test methods without any Test priority, the test methods
run in an alphabetical order based on the names of the test methods. 
Consider the following example:

2.2 Test execution order with priority in TestNG

In the above example, you can see that the two test methods have the same priority. In
such cases, TestNG will execute the test methods with the same priority in alphabetical
order, i.e., TestNG considers the alphabetical order of ‘A’ and ‘B’ and executes them
accordingly.

Syntax

@Test (priority = 1)
public void function(){
//test code
}

2. 3Negative Priority in TestNG

Negative Priority can be assigned to any test method when you want to have higher
precedence over the test methods with default priority.
Consider the example below:

2.4 Test execution order with a combination of Prioritized and Non-prioritized

methods in TestNG

package ui;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Login {

@Test

public void loginTest() {

System.out.println("Login successful");

@Test(priority = 0)

public void registerTest() {

System.out.println("Register successful");

@Test(priority = -1)

public void sendEmail() {

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System.out.println("Sent email successfully");

@Test(priority = 1)

public void checkCalendar() {

System.out.println("Calendar checked successfully");

@Test

public void meetUp() {

System.out.println("Zoom Meet successful");

@Test(priority = 1)

public void logoutTest() {

System.out.println("Logout successful");

In the above example, the sendEmail() test method with a negative priority. Thus, it gets
executed rst. This is followed by loginTest() and meetUp() test methods which are non-
prioritized methods that are executed based on alphabetical order ‘l’ and then ‘m’. 
Next, registerTest() method is executed since it has a zero priority. This is then followed
by test methods checkCalendar() and logoutTest() methods that have the same priority.
TestNG considered the alphabetical order of their method names and
executed checkCalendar() before logoutTest() test method.
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3. dependsOnMethods

When the second test method wants to be dependent on the rst test method, then this
could be possible by the use of "dependOnMethods" attribute. If the rst test method
fails, then the dependent method on the rst test method, i.e., the second test method will
not run.

Example -

It is similar to saying a browser is dependent on the internet. No internet means no

purpose in running the brows.

4. InvocationCount in TestNG
Invocationcount is one of the feature available in TestNG. InvocationCount is used when we want
to run the same test multiple times. If we want to run single @Test 10 times at a single thread,
then invocationCount can be used.

5. timeOut

If one of the test cases is taking a long time due to which other test cases are failing. To
overcome such situation, you need to mark the test case as fail to avoid the failure of other
test cases. The timeOut is a time period provided to the test case to completely execute its
test case.

6. groups

The 'groups' attribute is used to group the different test cases that belong to the same
functionality.

7.expectedExceptions

TestNG provides functionality to test such exception scenarios by allowing the user
to specify the type of exceptions that are expected to be thrown by a test during
execution.
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1. Testing Parametrization

TestNG Parameters are the arguments that we pass to the test methods. There are two
ways through which we can pass the parameters to the test methods:

◦ TestNG Parameters
◦ TestNG DataProviders

TestNG Parameters. We will learn about the parameterization in the xml le.

Suppose we want to set the global variables such url settings, username, password or API
Keys, there are some values which are constant in all the test cases, in such case we use
the TestNG Parameters.

TestNG Parameters are present in the xml le. They can be applied either inside the tag
or tag. If we want to apply the parameters to all the test cases, then the parameters are
applied inside the tag. If the parameter is speci c to a particular folder, then the parameter
is applied within a tag.

2. Data Provider in TestNG

Data Provider in TestNG is a method used when a user needs to pass complex
parameters. Complex Parameters need to be created from Java such as complex objects,
objects from property les or from a database can be passed by the data provider method.
The method is annotated by @DataProvider and it returns an array of objects.
Parameters using Dataprovider

@Parameters annotation is easy but to test with multiple sets of data we need to use Data
Provider.
To ll thousand’s of web forms using our testing framework we need a different
methodology which can give us a very large dataset in a single execution ow.
This data driven concept is achieved by @DataProvider annotation in TestNG.

It has only one attribute ‘name’. If you do not specify the name attribute then the
DataProvider’s name will be same as the corresponding method name.
Data provider returns a two-dimensional JAVA object to the test method and the test
method, will invoke M times in a M*N type of object array. For example, if the DataProvider
returns an array of 2*3 objects, the corresponding testcase will be invoked 2 times with 3
parameters each time
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Parallel Testing


What is Parallel Testing 

In parallel testing, we test different modules or applications on multiple browsers in parallel
rather than one by one.
The parallel test execution is different from sequential testing, where we test different
modules or functionalities one after the other. Even in the case of testing applications on
multiple browsers, tests are performed sequentially on various browsers. This approach of
testing is very time-consuming.
Parallel testing helps to reduce execution time and efforts and results in a faster time to
delivery.

CrossBrowser Testing

What is Cross Browser Testing?

Cross Browser testing is a type of non-functional testing that lets you check whether
your website works as intended when accessed through:

• Different Browser-OS combinations i.e., on popular browsers like Firefox,

Chrome, Edge, Safari—on any of the popular operating systems like Windows,
macOS, iOS and Android.

Assertions

Assertion determines the state of the application whether it is the same what we are
expecting or not. If the assertion fails, then the test case is failed and stops the execution.

There are two types of Assertion:

◦ Hard Assertion
◦ Soft Assertion

Question
1. What is TestNG Assert and list out common TestNG Assertions?
TestNG Asserts help us to verify the condition of the test in the middle of the test run.
Based on the TestNG Assertions, we will consider a successful test only if it is completed
the test run without throwing any exception.
Some of the common assertions supported by TestNG are

• assertEqual(String actual,String expected)

• assertEqual(String actual,String expected, String message)
• assertEquals(boolean actual,boolean expected)
• assertTrue(condition)
• assertTrue(condition, message)
• assertFalse(condition)
 Ranjeet Sir
• assertFalse(condition, message)

2. What is Hard Assert in TestNG?

Hard Assert throws an AssertException immediately when an assert statement fails and
test suite continues with next @Test

3.What is Soft Assert in TestNG?

Soft Assert collects errors during @Test. Soft Assert does not throw an exception when an
assert fails and would continue with the next step after the assert statement.
If there is any exception and you want to throw it then you need to use assertAll() method
as a last statement in the @Test and test suite again continue with next @Test as it is.

TestNG Listeners

TestNG provides the @Listeners annotation which listens to every event that occurs in a
selenium code. Listeners are activated either before the test or after the test case. It is an
interface that modi es the TestNG behavior. For example, when you are running a test
case either through selenium or appium and suddenly a test case fails. We need a
screenshot of the test case that has been failed, to achieve such scenario, TestNG
provides a mechanism, i.e., Listeners. When the test case failure occurs, then it is
redirected to the new block written for the screenshot.

Listeners are implemented by the  ITestListener  interface. An ITestListener interface has

the following methods:

ITestListener has following methods

• OnStart- OnStart method is called when any Test starts.
• onTestSuccess- onTestSuccess method is called on the success of any Test.
• onTestFailure- onTestFailure method is called on the failure of any Test.
• onTestSkipped- onTestSkipped method is called on skipped of any Test.
• onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage- method is called each time Test fails
but is within success percentage.
• onFinish- onFinish method is called after all Tests are executed.

How to create the TestNG Listeners

We can create the TestNG Listeners in two ways. First we can use the @Listeners
annotation within the class and second way to use the within the suite.
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TestNG Interview Questions


 



1. What is TestNG?

TestNG is a testing framework designed to simplify a broad range of testing needs, from unit
testing to integration testing. For more information.

 

2. What are the advantages of TestNG?

· TestNG provides parallel execution of test methods

· It allows to de ne dependency of one test method over other method

· It allows to assign priority to test methods @Test(priority=1, groups = “Login”)

· It allows grouping of test methods into test groups

· It has support for parameterizing test cases using @Parameters annotation

· It allows data driven testing using @DataProvider annotation

· It has di erent assertions that helps in checking the expected and actual results

· Detailed (HTML) reports

· Testng Listeners

 

 

3. What are the annotations available in TestNG?

@BeforeTest

@AfterTest

@BeforeClass

@AfterClass

@BeforeMethod

@AfterMethod

@BeforeSuite

@AfterSuite

@BeforeGroups

@AfterGroups

@Test

@DataProvider

@Parameters

 

 

5. How to create and run testng.xml ? 

In TestNG framework, we need to create testng.xml  le to create and handle multiple test classes.
We do con gure our test run, set test dependency, include or exclude any test, method, class or
package and set priority etc in the xml le.

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View Complete Post

 

 

 

 

6. What is the importance of testng.xml le?

In a Selenium TestNG project, we use testng.xml le to con gure the complete test suite in a
single le. Some of the features are as follows.

• testng.xml le allows to include or exclude the execution of test methods and test groups

• It allows to pass parameters to the test cases

• Allows to add group dependencies

• Allows to add priorities to the test cases

• Allows to con gure parallel execution of test cases

• Allows to parameterize the test cases

 

 

 

7. How to pass parameter through testng.xml le to a test case?

We could de ne the parameters in the testng.xml le and then reference those parameters in the
source les.

x

Create a java test class, say, ParameterizedTest.java and add a test method
say parameterizedTest() to the test class. This method takes a string as input parameter. Add the
annotation @Parameters(“browser”) to this method.

// TestNG Interview Questions

public class ParameterizedTest {

            @Test

            @Parameters(“browser”)

            public void parameterizedTest(String browser){

                        if(browser.equals(“ refox”)){

                                    System.out.println(“Open Firefox Driver”);

                        }else if(browser.equals(“chrome”)){

                                    System.out.println(“Open Chrome Driver”);

                        }

            }          

}

The parameter would be passed a value from testng.xml, which we will see in the next step.

We could set the parameter using the below syntax in the testng.xml le. 



Here, name attribute represents the parameter name and value represents the value of that
parameter.

Practical Example

 

 

8. What is TestNG Assert and list out common TestNG Assertions?

TestNG Asserts help us to verify the condition of the test in the middle of the test run. Based on
the TestNG Assertions, we will consider a successful test only if it is completed the test run
without throwing any exception.

Some of the common assertions supported by TestNG are

 

• assertEqual(String actual,String expected)

• assertEqual(String actual,String expected, String message)

• assertEquals(boolean actual,boolean expected)

• assertTrue(condition)

• assertTrue(condition, message)

• assertFalse(condition)

• assertFalse(condition, message)

For Complete Post

 

 

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9. What is Soft Assert in TestNG?

Soft Assert collects errors during @Test. Soft Assert does not throw an exception when an assert
fails and would continue with the next step after the assert statement.

If there is any exception and you want to throw it then you need to use assertAll() method as a last
statement in the @Test and test suite again continue with next @Test as it is.

Practical Example

 

 

T1(){

1 sendkeys()

2 HA –passed ! 3 else ! terminate test case / failed

3 SA — passed

4 SA  — failed ! 5

5 SA – passed ! 6

6 SA – Failed

 

softAssert.assertAll();

 

 

 

}

 

 

 

 

10. What is Hard Assert in TestNG?

Hard Assert throws an AssertException immediately when an assert statement fails and test suite
continues with next @Test

 

 

11. What is exception test in TestNG?

TestNG gives an option for tracing the Exception handling of code. You can verify whether a code
throws the expected exception or not. The expected exception to validate while running the test
case is mentioned using the expectedExceptions attribute value along with @Test annotation.

 

@Test

t1(expectedExceptions = ElementNotFoundException){

 

}

 

 

 

 

12. How to set test case priority in TestNG?

We use priority attribute to the @Test annotations. In case priority is not set then the test scripts
execute in alphabetical order.

// TestNG Interview Questions

package TestNG;

import org.testng.annotations.*;

public class PriorityTestCase{

           

@Test(priority=0)

            public void testCase1() { 

                        system.out.println(“Test Case 1”);

            }

           

@Test(priority=1)

            public void testCase2() {          

                        system.out.println(“Test Case 2”);

            }

 Ranjeet Sir
}

Output:

Test Case 1

Test Case 2

 

 

13. What is Parameterized testing in TestNG?

Parameterized tests allow developers to run the same test over and over again using di erent
values.

There are two ways to set these parameters:

• using testng.xml – 

• using Data Providers – 

 

 

14. How can we create data driven framework using TestNG?

By using @DataProvider annotation,  we can create a Data Driven Framework.

 

 

// TestNG Interview Questions

@DataProvider(name=”getData”)

            public Object[][] getData(){

                        //Object [][] data = new Object [rowCount][colCount];

                        Object [][] data = new Object [2][2];

                       

                        data [0][0] = “FirstUid”;

                        data [0][1] = “FirstPWD”;

                       

                        data[1][0] = “SecondUid”;

                        data[1][1] = “SecondPWD”;

                       

                        return data;

                       

            }

Practical Example

 

 

 

 

 

15. How to run a group of test cases using TestNG?

TestNG allows you to perform sophisticated groupings of test methods. Not only can you declare
that methods belong to groups, but you can also specify groups that contain other groups. Then
TestNG can be invoked and asked to include a certain set of groups (or regular expressions) while
excluding another set.  This gives you maximum exibility in how you partition your tests and
doesn’t require you to recompile anything if you want to run two di erent sets of tests back to
back.

Groups are speci ed in your testng.xml le and can be found either under the or tag. Groups
speci ed in the tag apply to all the tags underneath.

 

@Test (groups = { “smokeTest”, “functionalTest” })

public void loginTest(){

System.out.println(“Logged in successfully”);

}

 

 

 

16. How to create Group of Groups in TestNG?

Groups can also include other groups. These groups are called MetaGroups. For example, you
might want to de ne a group all that includes smokeTest and functionalTest. Let’s modify our
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 Ranjeet Sir
testng.xml le as follows:

 

  

             

             

  

  

        

          

 

 

17. How to run test cases in parallel using TestNG?

we can use “parallel” attribute in testng.xml to accomplish parallel test execution in TestNG

The parallel attribute of suite tag can accept four values:

 

tests – All the test cases inside tag of testng.xml le will run parallel

classes – All the test cases inside a java class will run parallel

methods – All the methods with @Test annotation will execute parallel

instances – Test cases in same instance will execute parallel but two methods of two di erent
instances will run in di erent thread.



 

 

 

18. How to exclude a particular test method from a test case execution? 

By adding the exclude tag in the testng.xml



 

    

      

    

       

 

19. How to exclude a particular test group from a test case execution? 

By adding the exclude tag in the testng.xml



   

             

         

 

 

20. How to disable a test case in TestNG ?

To disable the test case we use the parameter enabled = false to the @Test annotation.

@Test(enabled = false)

 

 

21. How to skip a @Test method from execution in TestNG?

By using throw new SkipException()



 

Once SkipException() thrown, remaining part of that test method will not be executed and control
will goes directly to next test method execution.

throw new SkipException(“Skipping – This is not ready for testing “);

 

 

22. How to Ignore a test case in TestNG?

To ignore the test case we use the parameter enabled = false to the @Test annotation.

@Test(enabled = false)

 

 

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23. How TestNG allows to state dependencies?

TestNG allows two ways to declare the dependencies.

Using attributes dependsOnMethods in @Test annotations –
Using attributes dependsOnGroups in @Test annotations –

 

 

 

 

24. What are the di erent ways to produce reports for TestNG results?

TestNG o ers two ways to produce a report.

Listeners implement the interface org.testng.ITestListener and are noti ed in real time of when a
test starts, passes, fails, etc…

Reporters implement the interface org.testng.IReporter and are noti ed when all the suites have
been run by TestNG. The IReporter instance receives a list of objects that describe the entire test
run.

 

 

 

25. What is the use of @Listener annotation in TestNG?

TestNG listeners are used to con gure reports and logging. One of the most widely used listeners
in testNG is ITestListener interface. It has methods like onTestStart, onTestSuccess, onTestFailure,
onTestSkipped etc. We should implement this interface creating a listener class of our own. Next
we should add the listeners annotation (@Listeners) in the Class which was created.

 

 

 

26. How to write regular expression In testng.xml le to search @Test methods containing
“smoke” keyword.

 

Regular expression to nd @Test methods containing keyword “smoke” is as mentioned below.

 

27. What is the time unit we specify in test suites and test cases? 

 

We specify the time unit in test suites and test cases is in milliseconds.

 

 

 

28. List out various ways in which TestNG can be invoked?

TestNG can be invoked in the following ways

• Using Eclipse IDE

• Using maven/ant build tool

• From the command line

• Using IntelliJ’s IDEA

 

 

29. How To Run TestNG Using Command Prompt?

 

C: test

Java c://testing.jar test.java

 

 

30. What is the use of @Test(invocationCount=x)?

The invocationcount attribute tells how many times TestNG should run a test method

@Test(invocationCount = 10)

public void testCase1(){

In this example, the method testCase1 will be invoked ten times

 

 

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 Ranjeet Sir
 

31. What is the use of @Test(threadPoolSize=x)?

The threadPoolSize attribute tells to form a thread pool to run the test method through multiple
threads.

Note: This attribute is ignored if invocationCount is not speci ed

@Test(threadPoolSize = 3, invocationCount = 10) public void testCase1(){

In this example, the method testCase1 will be invoked from three di erent threads

 

 

32. What does the test timeout mean in TestNG?

The maximum number of milliseconds a test case should take.

@Test(threadPoolSize = 3, invocationCount = 10,  timeOut = 10000)

public void testCase1(){

In this example, the function testCase1 will be invoked ten times from three di erent threads.
Additionally, a time-out of ten seconds guarantees that none of the threads will block on this
thread forever.

 

 

 

33. What are @Factory and @DataProvider annotation?

@Factory: A factory will execute all the test methods present inside a test class using a separate
instance of the respective class with di erent set of data.

@DataProvider: A test method that uses DataProvider will be executed the speci c methods
multiple number of times based on the data provided by the DataProvider. The test method will be
executed using the same instance of the test class to which the test method belongs.

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