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Python Sets

Sets in Python are unordered collections of unique and immutable objects. Sets cannot contain duplicate values. Items in a set are unordered and unindexed, so they cannot be accessed by index or key. Common set operations include adding and removing items, joining sets, and checking for intersections between sets.

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Hazel Kaye Baguioso
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42 views30 pages

Python Sets

Sets in Python are unordered collections of unique and immutable objects. Sets cannot contain duplicate values. Items in a set are unordered and unindexed, so they cannot be accessed by index or key. Common set operations include adding and removing items, joining sets, and checking for intersections between sets.

Uploaded by

Hazel Kaye Baguioso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PYTHON SETS

DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM


What is SET?
● Python’s built-in set type has the following characteristics:
○ Sets are unordered.
○ Set elements are unique. Duplicate elements are not
allowed.
○ A set itself may be modified, but the elements contained
in the set must be of an immutable type.
Set Items, Unordered, Unchangeable
● Set Items
○ Set items are unordered, unchangeable, and do not allow
duplicate values.
● Unordered
○ Unordered means that the items in a set do not have a defined
order.
○ Set items can appear in a different order every time you use
them, and cannot be referred to by index or key.
● Unchangeable
○ Set items are unchangeable, meaning that we cannot change
the items after the set has been created.
Duplicates Not Allowed
● Sets cannot have two items with the same value.
Get the Length of a Set
● To determine how many items a set has, use the len() function.
Set Items - Data Types
● Set items can be of any data type:
type()
● Set items can be of any data type:
○ <class 'set'>
The set() Constructor
● It is also possible to use the set() constructor to make a set.
Python - Access Set Items
● You cannot access items in a set by referring to an index or a key.
● But you can loop through the set items using a for loop, or ask if a
specified value is present in a set, by using the in keyword.

● Loop through the set, and print the values:


Example
● Check if "banana" is present in the set:
Change Items
● Once a set is created, you cannot change its items, but you can add
new items.
Python - Add Set Items
● Add Items
● Once a set is created, you cannot change its items, but you can add
new items.
● To add one item to a set use the add() method.
Add Sets
● To add items from another set into the current set, use the
update() method.
Add Any Iterable
● The object in the update() method does not have to be a set, it can
be any iterable object (tuples, lists, dictionaries etc.).
Python - Remove Set Items
● Remove Item
● To remove an item in a set, use the remove(), or the discard()
method.
Example
Python - Remove Set Items
● You can also use the pop() method to remove an item, but this
method will remove a random item, so you cannot be sure what
item that gets removed.
● The return value of the pop() method is the removed item.
Python - Remove Set Items
● You can also use the pop() method to remove an item, but this
method will remove a random item, so you cannot be sure what
item that gets removed.
● The return value of the pop() method is the removed item.
Example
Loop Items
● You can loop through the set items by using a for loop:
Python - Join Sets
● Join Two Sets
● There are several ways to join two or more sets in Python.
● You can use the union() method that returns a new set containing
all items from both sets, or the update() method that inserts all the
items from one set into another:
Python - Join Sets
Keep ONLY the Duplicates
● The intersection_update() method will keep only the items that are
present in both sets.
Keep ONLY the Duplicates
● The intersection() method will return a new set, that only contains
the items that are present in both sets.
Keep All, But NOT the Duplicates
● The symmetric_difference_update() method will keep only the
elements that are NOT present in both sets.
Keep All, But NOT the Duplicates
● The symmetric_difference() method will return a new set, that
contains only the elements that are NOT present in both sets.
Keep All, But NOT the Duplicates
● The symmetric_difference() method will return a new set, that
contains only the elements that are NOT present in both sets.
NOTES
● Sets are unordered, so you cannot be sure in which order the items
will appear.
● Once a set is created, you cannot change its items, but you can
remove items and add new items.
● The values True and 1 are considered the same value in sets, and
are treated as duplicates:
● If the item to remove does not exist, remove() will raise an error.
● If the item to remove does not exist, discard() will NOT raise an
error.
● Both union() and update() will exclude any duplicate items.
Study
● Method
○ isdisjoint()
○ issubset()
○ issuperset()
Thank
You

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