TESTING & CALIBRATION

OF PRESSURE RELIEF
VALVES PRVs
This article is about Testing, Calibration, Inspection
and POP UP test of PRVs Pressure Relief Valves and
PSVs Pressure Safety Valves and International Codes
and standards used for it. How to make Pressure
Relief Valve Calibration Certificate and what are
testing requirements for PRV and PSV. Here we
explained complete steps for calibration. Question
asked many times for Frequency for Pressure Relief
valve as per ASME Standard.

Table of Contents:

1. SCOPE

2. PURPOSE
3. REFERENCE STANDARD
4. STANDARD EQUIPMENT

5. RESPONSIBILITIES

6. TEST MEDIUM
7. UUC SPECIFICATION
8. PREPARATION OF TEST INSTRUMENT
9. TEST ACTIVITIES / PROCEDURE (INSPECTION &
TESTING)

10. TESTING METHOD

11. POST TEST REQUIREMENTS

12. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

13. ATTACHMENTS

1. SCOPE
The Scope of this procedure details the visual examination of
pressure relief valve, adjustment of set pressure (pop up) /
seat tightness (if required). This procedure defines steps to
perform testing & inspection of Safety & Pressure Relief
Valves subject to the requirements.

2. PURPOSE
To improve PRVs performance by assuring that pressure relief
devices will open at the specified set pressure within the
tolerances set by the applicable code. To Ensure RVs remain
in good physical condition and comply with all requirements
of this procedure for external condition.

3. REFERENCE STANDARD
 API RP 576 Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices
 SAEP – 319 Pressure Relief Devices – Testing and
Inspection Requirements
 SAEP – 1132 Instructions for Using the Relief Valve Test
Stand
 SAES-J-600 Pressure Relief Devices.
 SATIP-J-600-01 Safety Relief Valve Installation.
 SAIC-J-2008 Relief Valve Testing and Calibration
 SAEP-318 Pressure Relief Valve Program Authorization for
Installation, Deletion and Changes.
 SAEP-1134 Relief Valve Technician Certification.
 Construction Safety Manual
 Manufacture Instruction Manual.
 NBIC Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Inspection Guide.
 ABSA (Alberta Boilers Safety Association), AB-524“Pressure
Relief Devices Requirements”, 2016 Edition
 NB-501 National Board Certification of Pressure Relief
Devices “Description of Program and Basic Requirements”

4. STANDARD EQUIPMENT
Shut off & Safety Valve Test Stand Pressure Range 0 to 3045
psi (210 bar) / (Air, Nitrogen & Water).
Shut off & Safety Valve Test Bench Pressure Range 0 to 5800
psi (400 bar) / (Air, Nitrogen & Water).
Shut off & Safety Valve Test Bench Pressure Range 0 to 10005
psi (690 bar) / (Water).
Valve Test Bench Pressure Range 0 to 9138 psi ( 630 bar ) /
(Water).

5. RESPONSIBILITIES
Construction Manager
He shall implement HSE requirements for the job and shall
study, analyze and schedule all construction activities with his
department to include manpower and equipment line up as
well as other possible resources required for the successful
implementation of the construction work activities. He shall
study all aspects of work procedure as per Technical Scope of
Work.

Piping Supervisor
He shall be directly reporting to Construction Manager and
responsible for the implementation and control of all activities
as per JGC/DEC Technical Scope of Work and latest approved
for construction drawings. He shall also designate a
responsible staff that shall be in charge for execution of work
to ensure that schedule, plans and allocations shall be
followed and avoid unnecessary delays and obstructions.

Relief Valve Technician

Handle and transport RV’s carefully. Maintain RV at vertical
position at all times. Using the instructions provided in the
procedure, make initial visual inspection of the RV inlet and
outlet for corrosion, clogging, indications of leakage,
mechanical damage, wear, body damage, external corrosion,
etc. Using an approved IN-PLACE testing procedure, per
SAEP-319. Using an approved test stand (per SAEP-1132),
perform the initial pop and leak tests per SAEP-319, perform
all applicable tests, in shop or in-place, per SAEP-1133. Leak
test PRV bellows and closed bonnet, where applicable, using
minimum acceptance criteria in SAEP-319. Affix metal tag
and seal properly per SAEP-318 after the completion of test.
Maintain a history file comprises of PRV related
correspondence.

QC Piping Inspector
He shall be responsible for inspection and monitoring of the
work and ensure that the work is performed and properly
documented in accordance with Project requirements.

Safety Supervisor
He shall be responsible for monitoring safely aspects and
ensuring that the testing activity is done in accordance with
JGC/DEC Safety Standard Procedure. He shall discuss with
the workers the characteristics of related materials and status
of work area giving reminders as an additional point to work
safely.

6. TEST MEDIUM
 Water
 Air
 Nitrogen

7. UUC SPECIFICATION
 Type of Flanges : RF, RTJ, Welded, Grayloc
 Threaded Type : 1/4 to 2 inches
 Flange Type : 1/2 to Unlimited.
8. PREPARATION OF TEST
INSTRUMENT
8.1 Prior to start the testing, the following instruction to be
made:

 Verify that the test instrument is clean and free from obvious
damage, that it would impair its operation.
 Check the test instrument comparing between its name plate
details and specification, if available.
 Required Compressed Air at 7 bar to run the pumps.
 Availability of single phase 220 V & three phase 380 AC.
 Hydraulic Oil – 68 grade – 20 liters for Hydraulic clamping
pump.
 Clean water – 100 liters for Hydrostatic test.
 Size and Pressure rating of the valve to be tested.
 Care should be taken for the maximum test pressure
according to size.
 Obtain the Clamping pressure from the chart provided.

Note: Refer to the Annex A, B & C for Test Instrument with

Testing Details

8.2 Visual Inspection

The following points shall be visually confirmed.

 External and internal surfaces of castings shall be free from

harmful defects, such as blow holes, fins, sand inclusion
burning and cracks.
 Castings surfaces (both the exterior & interior) are free from
holes, burrs, scale, cracks, etc.
 Machined surfaces shall be free from harmful defects such as
cutting, blow holes, etc.
 Seat surfaces shall be free from blow holes and other
harmful defects.
 Corners and fillets without specified dimensions shall be
properly chamfered or rounded.
 Flow path portions shall be properly finished and cleaned.
 Valve bodies shall have specified markings on the surface
(trade mark, rating, size, flow direction, material
identification and others.)

9. TEST ACTIVITIES AND

PROCEDURE (INSPECTION &
TESTING):
9.1 INSPECTION
9.1.1 Pressure Relief Valve Data

 Nameplate marking or stamping of the device should be

compared to stamping on the protected pressure-retaining
item.
 For a single device, the set pressure shall be no higher than
the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) marked
on the protected pressure-retaining item or system.
 Verify nameplate capacity and, if possible, compare to
system capacity requirements.
 Check identification on seals and ensure they match
nameplates or other identification (repair or reset nameplate)
on the valve.
9.1.2 Condition of the Safety Relief Valve
 Check for evidence if the valve is leaking or not sealing
properly.
 Seals for adjustments should be intact and show no evidence
of tampering.
 Connecting bolting should be tight and all bolts intact.
 The valve should be examined for deposits or material
buildup.
 Evidence of rust or corrosion should be checked.
 Check for damaged or misapplied parts.
 If a drain hole is visible, ensure it is not clogged with debris
or deposits.
 Check for test gags left in place after pressure testing of the
unit.
 Bellows valves shall be checked to ensure the bonnet vent is
open or piped to a safe location. The vent shall not be plugged
since this will cause the valve set pressure to be high if the
bellows
develops a leak. Leakage noted from the vent indicates the
bellows is damaged and will no longer protect the valve from
the effects of backpressure.

9.1.3 Inspection of the Safety Relief Valve

 Inspect inlet piping and ensure it meets the requirements of
the original Code of construction. Check that the inlet pipe
size is not smaller than the device inlet size.
 Inspect discharge piping and ensure it meets the original
code of construction. Check that the discharge pipe size is not
smaller than the device outlet size.
 Check that the valve drain piping is open. Check drainage of
discharge piping.
 Check that inlet and discharge piping are not placing
excessive stress on the valve body which can lead to distortion
of the valve body and leakage or malfunction.
 Check the condition and adequacy of piping supports.
Discharge piping should be supported independent of the
valve itself. Check for possible hazards to personnel from the
valve discharge or discharge pipe.
 Check that there are no intervening isolation valves between
the pressure source and the valve inlet or between the valve
outlet and its point of discharge. (Isolation valves may be
permitted in some pressure vessel service. Isolation valves are
not permitted for power boilers, heating boilers, or water
heaters.)

9.2 TESTING
9.2.1 Test Stand Operation:

 Testing facilities shall be submitted to SAUDI ARAMCO for

approval prior to use. Inspection of these facilities shall be
done on a separate activity.
 Testing procedures for each type of PRV shall be available at
the testing area at all times.
 After passing the Inspection program, then it can be tested
on the Test Stand.
 The valve is tested according to its function by using either
water or air.
 Install the valve on the “Safety Relief Valve Test Bench”.
 Check for proper clamping pressure on the chart provided.

 When the required pressure is reached in the gauge,

clamping operation is completed.
9.2.2 Testing Procedure – Water (Hydrostatic Test):

 This test is to check leakage in a Valve with Water as a

medium.
 Prior to start of test, collect all the parameters, like Test
pressure.
 Clamping procedure has to follow.
 After the valve is seated, select the LP Pump regulator.
 Start the LP pump by regulating, until water filling starts.
 Stop the LP pump. Select the HP pump or if you have an
accumulator, select the accumulator.
 Apply pressure from the HP pump or Accumulator.
 Water pressure is witnessed in the 2 gauges located on the
left side of the Test Bench.
 These gauges are filled with Glycerin, to avoid sudden shock
when Water pressure is relieved.

9.2.3 Testing Procedure – Air/Gas (Pneumatic Test):

 This test is to check leakage in a Valve with Air / Gas as a

medium.
 Before start of test, collect all the parameters, like Test
pressure.
 Connect High pressure Nitrogen cylinder or Gas Booster to
the connection provided on the left hand side of the Test
Bench.
 Clamping procedure has to follow.
 Check the pressure of Gas Booster or Nitrogen cylinder in
the gauge provided.
 Observe the required pressure in the cylinders, regulate the
pressure slowly to the Valve to be tested.
 Air/Gas pressure is witnessed in the 3 gauges located on the
right side of the Test Bench.
 After test is performed relieve the pressure and remove the
valve from test bench.

9.2.4 Relief Valve Pop Test:

 The Relief Valve is generally mounted on the test bench and

air or water pressure is increased slowly until the valve
relieves.
 To set the required pressure adjust the spring as per client’s
required set pressure.
 After the valve has been adjusted, it should be popped at
least once to prove the accuracy of the setting.

9.2.5 For Set Pressure Tolerance Reference for PRV Pop Up

Test to Table I.
9.2.6 Pressure Gauge Requirements:
 Pressure gauge range should be about twice the test
pressure. However, in any case it shall not be lower than 1.5
times and not higher than 4 times the test pressure.
 The test pressure gauge unit shall be the same unit as
marked in the PRV Set Pressure.
 The ranges of test pressure gauge shall be used against the
RV CTPD (Relief Valve Cold Differential Test Pressure)
requirement.

9.2.7 Seat Leakage Testing:

 Leak Testing is conducted as required in SAEP-319. Leakage
is measured through the seat to disk seal while the PRV is at
90 % of CDTP.
 On the test bench, Seat Leakage Test can be performed by
increasing the pressure on the valve to 90% of the CDTP and
observing the discharge side of the valve for evidence of
leakage.
 During air test, leakage can be measured using Bubble glass
apparatus. (As per in fig. Annex – D).
 The rubber plug provided with test bench should be kept in
the outlet of PSV.
 The Bubble glass has a clear container, which should be
filled with water.
 Any leakage will travel from the Rubber plug through a
Plastic tube into the Bubble glass.
 Bubbles can be counted in the container.
 Hold 90 % of CDTP for the required test period as follows:

– One minute for 0.5” to 2” RV inlet size

– Two minutes for 2.5” to 4” RV inlet size
– Five minutes for all other larger inlets sizes

 Compare BUBBLES PER MINUTE leakage rate for

Pilot/Safety Relief Valve to the acceptance criteria, as follows:

Ref. Table II for RV’s with CDTP up to 100 psig.

Ref. Table III for RV’s with CDTP over 1000 psig.
10. TESTING METHOD
10.1 Testing with Air / Nitrogen or a combination
of Air and Liquid:
Test Medium

 The test medium shall be air (or nitrogen) near ambient

temperature.

Test Configuration
 The valve shall be vertically mounted on the test stand, and
the apparatus shall be attached to the valve outlet.
 All openings – including but not limited to caps, drain holes,
vents and outlets shall be closed.

Test Pressure
 For a valve with set pressure greater than 50 psi, the leakage
rate in bubbles per minute shall be determined with test
pressure at the valve inlet held at 90 % of the set pressure.
 For a valve set at 50 psi, the test pressure shall be held at 5
psi less than the set pressure. (Ref: API 527)

10.2 Testing with Water:

Test Medium

 The test medium shall be water near ambient temperature.

Test Configuration
 The valve shall be vertically mounted on the water test
stand.

Test Pressure

 For a valve with set pressure greater than 50 psi, the leakage
rate in bubbles per minute shall be determined with test
pressure at the valve inlet held at 90 % of the set pressure.
 For a valve set at 50 psi, the test pressure shall be held at 5
psi less than the set pressure.  (Ref: API 527)

10.3 Body Test:

 After completion of Pop test and Seat Tightness, perform
Body test.
 Blind the outlet. (As per in fig. Annex – C)
 Source 7 bar (100 psi) pressure from shop air.
 Observe for leakages from Cap joint, Body and Nozzle joint,
Body and Bonnet joint and whole body casting.
 If found leakage in Body joints, release pressure and tighten
them.

Check out this article also: Relief Valves | Sizing, Design,

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11. POST TEST REQUIREMENTS:

Reporting

 Generate a final report for Inspection and testing of Relief

Valve with the manufacturer specification and test results.
Refer the Annex.
RV Number Stamping and Tagging:

 Tag and seal the RV when the Inspection & Testing is

complete. The seal shall be applied immediately upon final
setting. The seal shall be a wire lock that must be broken to
alter the pressure setting.
 Attach the Identification Tag with RV number, Inspection &
Test Date, next Inspection & Test date and test pressure to the
RV.

12. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

 Every person involved in operating the test stand must have
read & understood the safety instructions.
 When the machine is used by someone who is not trained,
when improper use is made on the machine. The
 consequences of improper operation of the machine, in
particular the negligence of the safety regulations are:

o The danger of injury

o Risk of damage to the machine and the operator’s property
 The user is obliged only to operate the machine if it is in
perfect condition.
 Before each start-up, the machine is to be checked for
externally identifiable damage & defects.
 Pay attention to all safety and risk signs and keep them in a
completely readable condition.
 The operator must ensure before testing that the UUC is
completely free of fault. The UUC must not be tested if that is
not the case.

 Moving parts must not be touched, contact with moving

parts could result in serious injury.
 The system may be operated only with sufficient lighting in
accordance with the local stipulations.
 The personnel must not keep long hair, must not wear loose
and / or free-flowing clothes or jewelry including rings. There
is a risk of injury as one could example get clutched, caught,
entangled or pulled in.
 It is absolutely necessary that goggles be put on while
working in close proximity to the machine during processing.
 It is absolutely necessary that safety-boots be put on while
handling the machine.
Annex-A – Shut off & Safety Valve Test
Bench ( Pressure Range 0 to 10005 psi (690
bar )

Valves Testing: All types of Valves

For Safety Relief, Control & Shut off Valves: The valve is
clamped directly to the test port.

For Oversize Valves: Both side of the valves is fitted with Blind
Flange of relevant rating and required pressure to be applied
from main unit and it’s not required any separate manifold or
relief valve.

No. of Valves more than one: At the time of 4 or 5 valves to be

fitted with required bolt, nut, gasket at one time and both end
of the valves is fitted with Blind Flange of relevant rating and
required pressure to be applied from main unit and it’s not
required any separate manifold or relief valve.

Annex-B – Shut off & Safety Valve Test

Bench (Pressure Range 0 to 3045 psi (210
bar))
Valves Testing: All types of Valves

For Safety Relief Valve: The valve is clamped directly to the

test port.
For Control & Shut off valves: The valve is clamped from the
inlet on the test port and the outlet of the valves is fitted with
Blind flange of relevant rating and it’s not required any
separate manifold or relief valve.

For Oversize Valves: Both side of the valves is fitted with Blind
Flange of relevant rating and required pressure to be applied
from main unit and it’s not required any separate manifold or
relief valve.

No. of Valves more than one: At the time of 4 or 5 valves

to be fitted with required bolt, nut, gasket at one time and
both end of the valves is fitted with Blind Flange of relevant
rating and required pressure to be applied from main unit and
it’s not required any separate manifold or relief valve.

Annex – C  – Valve Test Bench Pressure

Range 0 to 9138 psi (630 bar)
Valves Testing: All types of Valves

For Safety Relief Valve: The valve is clamped directly to the

test port.

For Control & Shut off valves: The valve is clamped from the
inlet on the test port and the outlet of the valves is fitted with
Blind flange of relevant rating and it’s not required any
separate manifold or relief valve.

For Oversize Valves: Both side of the valves is fitted with Blind
Flange of relevant rating and required pressure to be applied
from main unit and it’s not required any separate manifold or
relief valve.

No. of Valves more than one: At the time of 4 or 5 valves to be

fitted with required bolt, nut, gasket at one time and both end
of the valves is fitted with Blind Flange of relevant rating and
required pressure to be applied from main unit and it’s not
required any separate manifold or relief valve.

Annex – D – Pictures of Relief Valve

Testing using Test Bench