USOO8655272B2

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,655,272 B2

Saunamäki (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 18, 2014

(54) WIRELESS CHARGING COIL FILTERING 6,828,759 B1 12/2004 Xiong et al.

6,977,479 B2 12/2005 Hsu
oo Y 8 7,180,265 B2 2/2007 Naskali et al.
(75) Inventor: Esa Ilmari Saunamäki, Virrat (FI) 7,199,554 B2 4/2007 R al
73) Assi Nokia C ti E FI 7,202,634 B2 4/2007 Bucur
(73) Assignee: Nokia Corporation, Espoo (FI) (Continued)
(*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
GB 24.13458 10/2005
(21) Appl. No.: 12/498,872 (Continued)
(22) Filed: Jul. 7, 2009 OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(65) Prior Publication Data Z. N. Low, et al., “Design and Test of a High-Power High-Efficiency
Loosely Coupled Planar Wireless Power Transfer System” IEEE
US 2011 FOOO9057 A1 Jan. 13, 2011 Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, No. 5, May 2009.
(51) Int. Cl. (Continued)
H04B5/00 (2006.01)
(52) U.S. Cl. Primary Examiner — Nay A Maung
USPC .......... 455/41.1; 455/572; 455/298; 455/299; Assistant Examiner — Erica Fleming-Hall
455/307 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Locke Lord LLP
(58) Field of Classification Search
USPC ................................................ 455/411, 41.2 (57) ABSTRACT
See application file for complete search history. Example embodiments are disclosed for limiting radio fre
quency noise created during wireless charging of recharge
(56) References Cited able batteries in radio frequency communication devices. In
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS an example embodiment, a power source circuit in a wireless
charging device produces a source alternating current. The
4.278,941 A 7, 1981 Freedman Source alternating current is passed through a radio frequency
4,662,001 A 4, 1987 Cruz et al. blocking filter to limit radio frequency noise. The filtered
5,157,362 A 10, 1992 Zelenz Source alternating current is then driven through a transmit
5,565,756 A 10, 1996 Urbish et al. ting coil in the charging device, which inductively couples
5,596,567 A 1/1997 deMuro et al.
5,805,067 A 9/1998 Bradley et al. with a proximately located receiving coil in a radio frequency
5,963,012 A 10, 1999 Garcia et al. communication device. An induced alternating current is
6,002,237 A 12, 1999 Gaza passed through a second radio frequency blocking filter in the
6,020,783 A 2/2000 Coppola communication device, which limits radio frequency noise
6,054,927 A 4/2000 Brickell
6.242,888 B1 6, 2001 Cerf that could otherwise be created by the rectifier and control
6,501,246 B2 12/2002 You et al. circuits in the communication device.
6,617,827 B2 9, 2003 Knish et al.
6,792,297 B2 9/2004 Cannon et al. 13 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets

F --- --- - --- - ---- - - -

WRELESS CHARGERO RAborouency
Y blockINe TER

POWER
CONTROL
CIRCUITSOs Power
RANSMISSION
ANTENNACO
M 120
Power
Freuncy
cHARGING orwer
ontification AND
CIRCUITS 105 intrfAc
04

power
SOURCE
102
 US 8,655,272 B2
Page 2

(56) References Cited FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS WO O3105311 A1 12/2003
WO WO2006OO1557 1, 2006
7,205,747 B2 4, 2007 Wu WO WO2008145982 12/2008
2002fOO28699 A1 3/2002 Moquin et al. WO 2009037380 A1 3, 2009
2002.0089305 A1 7/2002 Park et al.
2003/0231001 Al 12/2003 Bruning OTHER PUBLICATIONS
2004/0203478 A1* 10, 2004 Scott ............................... 455,70
2004/0221183 A1 11, 2004 Lu T.C. Yo, et al., “Compact Circularly Polarized Rectenna with Unbal
2005/0001595 A1* 1/2005 May et al. ..................... 320,140 anced Circular Slots'. IEEE transactions on Antennas and Propaga
2006/0202665 A1 9, 2006 HSu tion, vol. 56, No. 3 Mar. 2008
2007/014583.0 A1* 6/2007 Lee et al. ...................... 307 135 v - - -
2007/0229279 A1* 10, 2007 Yamazaki et al. ......... 340,572.7 International Search Report dated Jul. 7, 2009 for International
2007/0279002 A1 12, 2007 Partovi Application No. PCT/FI2010/050431.
2008, 0220831 A1 9, 2008 Alameh et al. International Search Report mailed Mar. 8, 2011 in International
2008/0238.364 A1* 10, 2008 Weber et al. .................. 320, 108 Application No. PCT/FI2010/050877, 5pp.
2008/0303479 A1 ck 12/2008 Park et al. International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/
2009. O1571.45 A1 6/2009 Cauller ........................... 607/60 IB2010/053958 dated Jan. 14, 2011.
2009/01795O2 A1 7/2009 Cook et al. U.S. Appl. No. 12,620.861, filed N 18, 2009, Esa Ilmari
2009/0284082 A1 11/2009 Mohammadian S. Appl. No. So, Illed NOV. 18, , E.Sa Ilmarl
2010.0007307 A1 1/2010 Baarman et al. .............. 320, 108 Saunamäki. -
2010.0036773 A1* 2, 2010 Bennett ....... 705/67 U.S. Appl. No. 12/554.468, filed Sep. 4, 2009, Esa Ilmari Saunamäki.
2010, O190435 A1* 7, 2010 Cook et al. 455,411
2010/0222010 A1* 9, 2010 Ozaki et al. . 455/77 * cited by examiner
U.S. Patent US 8,655,272 B2
U.S. Patent US 8,655,272 B2

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 US 8,655,272 B2
1. 2
WRELESS CHARGING COL FILTERING a corresponding induced alternating current in a frequency
range between 50 kHz and 20 MHz in the corresponding
FIELD receiving coil in the radio frequency communication device.
The induced alternating current is passed through a second
The technical field relates to wireless charging of batteries radio frequency blocking filter to rectifier and control circuits.
in portable devices. More particularly, the technical field The rectifier and control circuits on communication device
relates to techniques for reducing RF (radio frequency) noise side may generate radio frequency noise and the second radio
while charging a communications device with a wireless frequency filter reduces the RF noise level in the receiving
charger. coil. The filtered induced alternating current is rectified to an
10
BACKGROUND
appropriate DC charging Voltage for the rechargeable battery.
In this manner, radio frequency noise is limited during wire
Rechargeable batteries in cellular phones and other por less charging of rechargeable batteries in radio frequency
table communication devices. Such as NiCd, nickel-metal communication devices, to reduce the effects of such noise on
the communication circuits and the RF antenna of the com
hydride (NiMH), Lithium-ion, and Lithium-Polymer batter 15
ies, can be recharged with household alternating current (AC) munication device. In embodiments, the second radio fre
power coupled through a Voltage reduction transformer, an quency blocking filter may optionally be omitted in the radio
alternating-to-direct current converter, and appropriate bat frequency communication device, relying on the effective
tery monitoring and charging circuits. They can also be filtering of the first filter in the wireless charger. In other
recharged with a 12-volt cigarette lighter socket provided in embodiments, the first radio frequency blocking filter may
an automobile coupled through a DC Voltage reduction cir optionally be omitted in the wireless charging device, relying
cuit and appropriate battery monitoring and charging circuits. on the effective filtering of the second filter in the communi
However, in both cases, the portable communication device cation device.
must be plugged into the household AC power source or into In embodiments, the signal strength of the filtered signal
the automobile power source, limiting the mobility of the 25 passed through the radio frequency blocking filter may have
communication device. the characteristics of a notch filter or low pass filter with a
Recently, wireless charging has become available for high attenuation at certain frequencies. Such as mobile phone
rechargeable batteries in cellular phones and other portable frequencies.
communication devices, using contact-less electromagnetic In embodiments, the radio frequency blocking filters
induction. A power source circuit in a wireless charging 30
attenuate radio frequency signals from entering the Switch
device drives a resonant frequency oscillator that produces a and control circuits of the wireless charger and from entering
source alternating current in a frequency range between 50 the rectifier and interface circuits of the communication
kHz and 20 MHz, which is driven through a transmitting coil device, and thus prevent generation of unwanted harmonic
in the charging device. The alternating magnetic field pro frequencies that may contaminate the user's communications
duced by the transmitting coil inductively couples with a 35
signals.
corresponding receiving coil in the cellular phone or other
portable communication device, thereby producing a corre In embodiments, the radio frequency inductors on the first
sponding induced alternating current that drives an oscillator and/or second radio frequency blocking filter make the wire
at its resonant frequency in the range between 50 kHz and 20 less charger coil less visible to the communication antenna
MHZ to produce an output AC Voltage. A conversion circuit in 40 and thus the wireless charger coil has less of an effect on
the cellular phone or other portable communication device, antenna performance.
uses a transformer to adjust the output AC Voltage, an alter In embodiments, the receiving coil and the transmitting
nating-to-direct current converter, and appropriate battery coil are printed wiring coils configured to be positioned in a
monitoring and charging circuits to produce an appropriate coplanar, juxtaposed relationship in close proximity to one
DC charging Voltage for the rechargeable battery. 45 another to enhance contact-less electromagnetic induction
between them.
SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Example embodiments are disclosed for limiting radio fre
quency noise created during wireless charging of recharge 50 FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment for a wireless
able batteries in radio frequency (RF) communication charger.
devices. Moreover, RF performance is improved by limiting FIG. 2 illustrates an example embodiment for a wirelessly
spurious emissions, RF noise, and harmonics generated in charged communication device.
rectifier and control circuits. In an example embodiment, a FIG. 3A illustrates an example embodiment for an induc
power source circuit in a wireless charging device produces a 55 tively coupling between a wireless charger and a wirelessly
Source alternating current in a frequency range between 50 charged communication device.
kHz and 20 MHz. The source alternating current is passed FIG. 3B illustrates an example embodiment for the wire
through a radio frequency blocking filter to limit radio fre less charger with the power transmission antenna coil being a
quency noise. The filtered source alternating current is then printed wiring coil on a printed wiring board and the wire
driven through a transmitting coil in the charging device. The 60 lessly charged communication device with the power receiv
alternating magnetic field produced by the transmitting coil ing antenna coil being a printed wiring coil on a printed
inductively couples with a proximately located receiving coil wiring board.
in a radio frequency communication device, using contact FIG. 4A illustrates an example graph of the signal strength
less electromagnetic induction. The radio frequency commu of the filtered signal passed through a radio frequency block
nication device may be a mobile communications device, FM 65 ing filter.
radio, two-way radio, PDA, cell phone, laptop or palmtop FIG. 4B1 illustrates an example graph of the frequency
computer, or the like. The alternating magnetic field produces response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav
 US 8,655,272 B2
3 4
ing one capacitor in the filter circuit with a low impedance example, the Russian band ranges from 65-74 MHZ and the
providing high attenuation at mobile phone frequencies of Japanese band ranges from 76-90 MHz.)
900 MHZ. The first RF inductor L1 is serially coupled between a first
FIG. 4B2 illustrates an example graph of the frequency terminal of the power frequency driver and interface 104 and
response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav a first terminal of the power transmission antenna coil 120.
ing two capacitors in parallel in the filter circuit with a low The filter includes a first capacitor C1 coupled between the
impedance providing a high attenuation at mobile phone fre first terminal of the power frequency driver and interface 104
quencies of 900 MHz and 1900 MHz. and ground potential, as an RF bypass for the carrier fre
FIG. 4B3 illustrates an example graph of the frequency quency range of the communication device 200. In embodi
response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav 10 ments of the invention, instead of single capacitor there may
ing three capacitors in the filter circuit with a low impedance be several capacitors to have wideband filtering, with one
providing a high attenuation at a frequency of 100 MHz and capacitor optimized for FM radio frequencies and another
capacitor may be optimized for GSM frequencies. In embodi
a high attenuation at mobile phone frequencies of 900 MHz ments of the invention, capacitor C1 (or C2) is not necessary
and 1900 MHZ. 15 if the internal capacitance of the circuits coupled to antenna
DISCUSSION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS coil, can be used as part of the filtering or if the needed
OF THE INVENTION
capacitance is already exists from the electrostatic discharge
(ESD) filter circuit coupled to the interface. In embodiments
of the invention, capacitors C1 (or C2) can also be in the form
FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment for a wireless of a parasitic capacitance in the circuit.
charger 100 for limiting radio frequency noise during wire The filter 110 includes a second RF inductor L2 having a
less charging of rechargeable batteries 216 in the radio fre high impedance to frequencies in the carrier frequency range
quency communication device 200 of FIG. 2. Moreover, RF of the communication device 200, serially coupled between a
performance is improved by limiting spurious emissions, RF second terminal of the power frequency driver and interface
noise, and harmonics generated in rectifier and control cir 25 104 and a second terminal of the power transmission antenna
cuits. In an example embodiment, a power source circuit 102 coil 120. The filter includes a second capacitor C2 coupled
in the wireless charging device 100 drives a power frequency between the second terminal of the power frequency driver
driver and interface 104 that produces a source alternating and interface 104 and ground potential, as an RF bypass for
current in a frequency range between 50 kHz and 20 MHz, the carrier frequency range of the communication device 200.
which will provide energy to recharge the rechargeable bat 30 The filter limits the radio frequency noise that would other
teries 216. The power control circuits 106 control the power wise reach the communication circuits and RF antenna 18 of
level output by the charger 100. The charging identification the communication device 200. The filtered source alternat
circuits 105 identify the target current and voltage to be ing current is then driven through the power transmission
applied to each type of rechargeable battery. The power fre antenna coil 120 in the charging device. In this manner, radio
quency driver and interface 104 and the power control circuits 35 frequency noise is limited by the filter 110 during wireless
106 may create unwanted radio frequency noise that may charging of rechargeable batteries in radio frequency com
adversely affect the operation of the communication circuits munication devices. The radio frequency blocking filter pre
12 and RF antenna 18 of the communication device 200 vents radio frequency noise from entering the Switch and
during battery charging operations. RF noise from charger control circuits of the wireless charger and from entering the
circuits may leak out via the power transmit and power 40 rectifier and interface circuits of the communication device,
receive coils to disturb the telephone circuits, decreasing RF and thus prevent generation of unwanted harmonic frequen
sensitivity and causing missed or dropped calls or a "not cies that may contaminate the user's communications signals.
network available' error. The alternating magnetic field 300 shown in FIG. 3A,
In the example embodiments, the source alternating cur which is produced by the power transmission antenna coil
rent is passed through a radio frequency blocking filter 110 to 45 120, inductively couples with a proximately located receiving
limit the radio frequency noise that would otherwise reach the antenna coil 220 in the radio frequency communication
communication circuits and RF antenna 18 of the communi device 200, using contact-less electromagnetic induction.
cation device 200. The two antennas 120 and 220 may be planar coils that are
The filter 110 includes a first RF inductor L1 having a high positioned proximate to each other in a coplanar mutual ori
impedance to frequencies in the carrier frequency range of the 50 entation, as shown in FIG.3B, there the close proximity of the
communication device 200. The RF inductor L1 may be a coplanar coils 120 and 220 improves the magnetic coupling
ferrite or similar RF inductor. The RF inductor L1 may be between them.
implemented as a structure on a printed wiring board and may The radio frequency communication device 200 may be a
be implemented as a coil made from the same material as mobile communications device, FM radio, two-way radio,
antenna coil 120. The RF inductor L1 may be implemented as 55 PDA, cellphone, laptop or palmtop computer, or the like. The
a ferritering in coil wiring. For example, a cellphone's carrier alternating magnetic field 300 produces a corresponding
frequency range is in the Gigahertz frequency range. For induced alternating current in the power receiving antenna
example, GSM-900 uses 890-915 MHz to send information coil 220. The induced alternating current is passed through a
from the mobile station to the base station (uplink) and 935 radio frequency blocking filter 210.
960 MHz to send information from the base station to the 60 The filter 210 includes a first RF inductor L1 having a high
mobile station (downlink). As another example, GSM-1800 impedance to frequencies in the carrier frequency range of the
uses 1710-1785 MHZ to send information from the mobile communication device 200, serially coupled between a first
station to the base transceiver station (uplink). As another terminal of the rectifier and interface 212 and a first terminal
example, an FM-radio’s carrier frequency broadcast band of the power receiving antenna coil 220. The RF inductor L1
falls within the VHF part of the radio spectrum between 87.5 65 may be a ferrite or similar RF inductor. The RF inductor L1
MHz-108.0 MHz. (The lowest VHF frequency is different in may be implemented as a structure on a printed wiring board
Eastern-Europe and most of the Asian countries. For and may be implemented as a coil made from the same mate
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5 6
rial as antenna coil 220. The RF inductor L1' may be imple it may be glued to a plastic Substrate. Antenna coils 120 and
mented as a ferrite ring in coil wiring. The filter 210 includes 220 are planar coils printed on their respective circuit boards
a first capacitor C1' coupled between the first terminal of the 122 and 222. Antenna coils 120 and 220 are shown juxta
rectifier and interface 212 and ground potential, as an RF posed, coplanar, and in close proximity to enable efficient
bypass for the carrier frequency range of the communication inductive coupling by the magnetic field 300. The two anten
device 200. In embodiments of the invention, instead of single nas 120 and 220 are positioned proximate to each other in a
capacitor there may be several capacitors to have wideband coplanar mutual orientation, so that the close proximity of the
filtering, with one capacitor optimized for FM radio frequen coplanar coils 120 and 220 improves the magnetic coupling
cies and another capacitor may be optimized for GSM fre between them. In embodiments of the invention, the RF
quencies. 10 inductors L1 and L2 may be implemented as structures on the
The filter 210 includes a second RF inductor L2 having a printed wiring board 122 and may be implemented as coils
high impedance to frequencies for the carrier frequency range made from the same material as antenna coil 120. Similarly,
of the communication device 200, serially coupled between a in embodiments of the invention, the RF inductors L1' and L2
second terminal of the rectifier and interface 212 and a second may be implemented as structures on the printed wiring board
terminal of the power receiving antenna coil 220. The filter 15 222 and may be implemented as coils made from the same
210 includes a second capacitor C2 coupled between the material as antenna coil 220. In embodiments of the inven
second terminal of the rectifier and interface 212 and ground tion, the RF inductors L1 and L2 may each be implemented as
potential, as an RF bypass for the carrier frequency range of one or more inductances. Similarly, in embodiments of the
the communication device 200. invention, the RF inductors L1 and L2 may each be imple
The filtered induced alternating current drives the rectifier mented as one or more inductances. In embodiments, the RF
and interface 212 in a range between 50 kHz and 20 MHz to inductors on the first and/or second radio frequency blocking
produce an appropriate DC charging Voltage for the recharge filter enable the use of the wireless charger coil structure as an
able battery 216. A battery control circuit 214 in the cellular internal antenna for wireless communication in high frequen
phone adjusts the DC voltage and current. The charging iden cies. In embodiments, an additional ferromagnetic foil may
tification circuits 205 identify the target current and voltage to 25 be affixed to the backside of the coils 120 and 220 to shield
be applied to each type of rechargeable battery. In this man any stray magnetic flux.
ner, radio frequency noise is limited during wireless charging FIG. 4A illustrates an example graph of the signal strength
of rechargeable batteries 216 in radio frequency communica of the filtered signal passed through the radio frequency
tion devices 200, to reduce the effects of such noise on the blocking filter.
communication circuits 12 and the RF antenna 18 of the 30 FIG. 4B1 illustrates an example graph of the frequency
communication device 200. The radio frequency blocking response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav
filters prevent radio frequency noise from entering the Switch ing one capacitor C1 in the filter circuit with a low impedance
and control circuits of the wireless charger and from entering providing a high attenuation at mobile phone frequencies of
the rectifier and interface circuits of the communication 900 MHZ.
device, and thus prevent generation of unwanted harmonic 35 FIG. 4B2 illustrates an example graph of the frequency
frequencies that may contaminate the user's communications response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav
signals. Without the blocking filters, RF energy can reach ing two capacitors C1 and C1' in parallel and two capacitors
non-linear circuits such as the diode and transistor circuits in C2 and C2' in the filter circuit with a low impedance providing
the rectifier and control block. The RF energy has the effect on a high attenuation at mobile phone frequencies of 900 MHz
non-linear elements of causing unwanted harmonics So that 40 and 1900 MHZ.
inter-modulation results and the unwanted harmonic signals FIG. 4B3 illustrates an example graph of the frequency
may be re-radiated. The blocking filters minimize the RF response of an alternate radio frequency blocking filter hav
energy reaching non-linear components, thereby limiting ing three capacitors C1, C1', and C1" and three capacitors C2,
spurious emissions, RF noise, and harmonics generated in the C2', and C2" in the filter circuit with a low impedance pro
rectifier and control circuits. 45 viding a high attenuation at a frequency of 100 MHz and a
In embodiments, the second radio frequency blocking filter high attenuation at mobile phone frequencies of 900 MHz and
may be omitted in the radio frequency communication 1900 MHZ.
device, where the non-linear circuits in the rectifier and con FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of an example
trol block are not as prone to generate unwanted harmonic embodiment of the wireless communications device 200. The
signals. In other embodiments, the second radio frequency 50 wireless device 200 may be for example a mobile communi
blocking filter in the radio frequency communication device cations device, FM-radio, two-way radio, PDA, cell phone,
may be solely relied upon without having the first radio fre laptop or palmtop computer, or the like. The wireless device
quency blocking filter in the charger. 200 includes a control module 20, which includes a central
FIG. 3B illustrates an example embodiment for the wire processing unit (CPU) 60, a random access memory (RAM)
less charger 100 of FIG. 3A with the power transmission 55 62, a read only memory (ROM) 64, and interface circuits 66
antenna coil 120 being a printed wiring coil on a printed to interface with the transceiver 12, battery and other energy
wiring board 122 shown in the side view as the assembly 120". Sources, key pad, touch screen, display, microphone, speak
In alternate embodiments, a separate printed wiring board ers, ear pieces, camera or other imaging devices, etc. The
122 may be omitted and the coil 120 may incorporated into RAM 62 and ROM 64 can be removable memory devices
the body of the printed wiring board or it may be glued to a 60 such as Smart cards, SIMs, WIMs, semiconductor memories
plastic substrate. FIG.3B also illustrates an example embodi such as RAM, ROM, PROMS, flash memory devices, etc.
ment for the wirelessly charged communication device 200 The application and MAC layer may be embodied as program
with the power receiving antenna coil 220 being a printed logic stored in the RAM 62 and/or ROM 64 in the form of
wiring coil on a printed wiring board 222 shown in the side sequences of programmed instructions which, when executed
view as the assembly 220". In alternate embodiments, a sepa 65 in the CPU 60, carry out the functions of the disclosed
rate printed wiring board 222 may be omitted and the coil 220 embodiments. The program logic can be delivered to the
may incorporated into the body of the printed wiring board or writeable RAM, PROMS, flash memory devices, etc. 62 of
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7 8
the wireless device 200 from a computer program productor What is claimed is:
article of manufacture in the form of computer-usable media 1. An apparatus, comprising:
Such as resident memory devices, Smart cards or other remov a power source circuit in a wireless charging device con
able memory devices. Alternately, the MAC layer and appli figured to produce a source alternating current in a fre
cation program can be embodied as integrated circuit logic in quency range less than radio frequency;
the form of programmed logic arrays or custom designed a radio frequency blocking filter coupled to the power
application specific integrated circuits (ASIC). Source, configured to limit radio frequency noise;
Embodiments of the invention address several issues a transmitting coil coupled to the blocking filter, config
related to low frequency wireless chargers: ured to inductively couple with a proximately located
1. The filter circuit 110 placed between the antenna coil 120 10
receiving coil in a radio frequency communication
and the electronics in the wireless charger 100 ensures that device, using contact-less electromagnetic induction, to
noise from electronic circuits will not leak out via the charger wirelessly provide power with reduced radio frequency
antenna coil structure 120 and couple to RF communications noise;
antenna 18. Without the filter circuit 110, RF sensitivity
decreases and use of the wireless charger may disturb com 15 a first RF inductor in the filter, coupled between said power
munication with base station. Source and a first terminal of said transmitting coil,
2. The filter circuit 210 prevents the communications RF having a high impedance to frequencies in a carrier
signal from entering the wireless charger circuits and there frequency range of the radio frequency communication
fore causing spurious RF noise. Without the filter circuit 210, device, to limit transferring the radio frequency noise;
RF harmonics may be generated in the circuits coupled to the a first capacitance in the filter, coupled between said power
chargers antenna coil 120. Example measurements show that Source and ground potential, configured as an RF bypass
when a cell phone is transmitting and is close to a wireless for the carrier frequency range of the communication
charger, the level of second harmonics increase Substantially. device, to bypass to ground the radio frequency noise;
3. When the inductor L1 and L2 in the filter circuit 110 are a second RF inductor in the filter, coupled between said
selected to have a high impedance in mobile phone frequen 25 power source and a second terminal of said transmitting
cies, the chargers antenna coil structure 120 is in a high coil, having a high impedance to frequencies in the car
impedance state and it’s “floating from the RF point of view, rier frequency range of the radio frequency communica
thus limiting antenna resonances or distortion of the radiation tion device, to limit transferring the radio frequency
pattern of the RF antenna 18. noise; and
4. The inductor in the filter circuit 110 of the wireless 30 a second capacitance in the filter, coupled between said
charger may be tuned to other frequencies such as FM-radio, power source and ground potential, configured as an RF
DVH, and the like. bypass for the carrier frequency range of the communi
5. Typically wireless chargers caused RF noise. Thus, with cation device, to bypass to ground the radio frequency
out proper filtering, it might be not possible to use an FM noise.
radio at the same time that a wireless charger is active or the 35 2. The apparatus of claim 1, which further comprises:
received signal may be distorted during the active charging. said filter configured to limit radio frequency noise in a
The filter circuit 110 and/or 120 may be tuned to attenuate carrier frequency range of the radio frequency commu
noise at FM-radio frequencies. nication device.
Using the description provided herein, the embodiments 3. The apparatus of claim 1, which further comprises:
may be implemented as a machine, process, or article of 40 said carrier frequency range being selected from the group
manufacture by using standard programming and/or engi consisting of a cell phone's carrier frequency range and
neering techniques to produce programming Software, firm an FM-radio’s carrier frequency range.
ware, hardware or any combination thereof. 4. An apparatus, comprising:
Any resulting program(s), having computer-readable pro a receiving coil in a radio frequency communication
gram code, may be embodied on one or more computer 45 device, configured to inductively couple with an alter
usable media Such as resident memory devices, Smart cards or nating magnetic field produced by a proximately located
other removable memory devices, or transmitting devices, transmitting coil of a wireless charger, using contact
thereby making a computer program product or article of less electromagnetic induction to produce a correspond
manufacture according to the embodiments. As such, the ing induced alternating current in the receiving coil, to
terms “article of manufacture' and "computer program prod 50 wirelessly receive power from the charging device;
uct as used herein are intended to encompass a computer a radio frequency blocking filter coupled to the receiving
program that exists permanently or temporarily on any com coil, configured to pass said power as induced alternat
puter-usable medium. ing current and limit radio frequency noise;
As indicated above, memory/storage devices include, but a radio frequency communication circuit coupled to the
are not limited to, disks, optical disks, removable memory 55 radio frequency blocking filter, configured to receive
devices such as Smart cards, SIMs, WIMs, semiconductor said power with reduced radio frequency noise;
memories such as RAM, ROM, PROMS, etc. Transmitting a first RF inductor in the filter, coupled between a first
mediums include, but are not limited to, transmissions via terminal of said receiving coil and said radio frequency
wireless communication networks, the Internet, intranets, communication circuit, having a high impedance to fre
telephone/modem-based network communication, hard 60 quencies in a carrier frequency range of the radio fre
wired/cabled communication network, satellite communica quency communication device, to limit transferring the
tion, and other stationary or mobile network systems/com radio frequency noise;
munication links. a first capacitor in the filter, coupled between said first
Although specific example embodiments have been dis terminal of said receiving coil and ground potential,
closed, a person skilled in the art will understand that changes 65 configured as an RF bypass for the carrier frequency
can be made to the specific example embodiments without range of the communication device, to bypass to ground
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. the radio frequency noise;
 US 8,655,272 B2
10
a second RF inductor in the filter, coupled between a sec configured as an RF bypass for the carrier frequency
ond terminal of said receiving coil and said radio fre range of the communication device, to bypass to ground
quency communication circuit, having a high imped the radio frequency noise.
ance to frequencies in the carrier frequency range of the 10. The apparatus of claim 9, which further comprises:
radio frequency communication device, to limit trans a second pair of parallel capacitors coupled between said
ferring the radio frequency noise; and second terminal of said receiving coil and ground poten
a second capacitor in the filter, coupled between said sec tial, configured as an RF bypass for the carrier frequency
ond terminal of said receiving coil and ground potential,
configured as an RF bypass for the carrier frequency range of the communication device, to bypass to ground
range of the communication device, to bypass to ground 10
the radio frequency noise.
the radio frequency noise. 11. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises:
5. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises: a first group of three parallel capacitors coupled between
said filter configured to limit radio frequency noise in a said first terminal of said receiving coil and ground
carrier frequency range of the radio frequency commu potential, configured as an RF bypass for the carrier
nication device. frequency range of the communication device, to bypass
15
6. The apparatus of claim 5, which further comprises: to ground the radio frequency noise.
said carrier frequency range being selected from the group 12. The apparatus of claim 11, which further comprises:
consisting of a cell phone's carrier frequency range and a second group of three parallel capacitors coupled
an FM-radio’s carrier frequency range. between said second terminal of said receiving coil and
7. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises: ground potential, configured as an RF bypass for the
said radio frequency communication device selected from carrier frequency range of the communication device, to
the group consisting of a mobile communications bypass to ground the radio frequency noise.
device, FM radio, two-way radio, PDA, cellphone, lap 13. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises:
top computer and palmtop computer.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises: said receiving coil and said transmitting coil being printed
said filter having characteristics of a low pass filter with a 25 wiring coils configured to be positioned in a coplanar,
high attenuation at radio frequencies. juxtaposed relationship in close proximity to one
9. The apparatus of claim 4, which further comprises: another to enhance contact-less electromagnetic induc
tion there between.
a first pair of parallel capacitors coupled between said first
terminal of said receiving coil and ground potential, k k k k k