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Automated Fire Prevention and Suppression using GSM and Multi-Sensor Alarm

Thesis · December 2020

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 Automated Fire Prevention and Suppression
using GSM and Multi-Sensor Alarm.
GlennJohn O. Fernando, Reward M. Dominguez,
Johnray A. Bitonio, Roderick Y. Vicente

ABSTRACT

Fire detection and suppression is very much essential to reduce fire in any
building or homes. Since all things inside a home or building such as jewellery,
furniture’s, other assets and people’ life’s needs protection from fire an Automated
Fire Prevention and Suppression using GSM and Multi-Sensor Alarm are being
designed by the researcher.

The fire prevention and suppression using GSM and Multi-sensor alarm are
being design to fit the needs of the Ifugao State University, Potia Campus. It includes
fire prevention and fire suppression which requires the adoption of fire safety
standards. Moreover, the system aimed to: ensure accurate response to fire incidents;
determine the fire incidents immediately based on the notification; and lessen time
in responding to fire occurrences. Furthermore, the system has a multi-sensor
detection in case of fire, FC-22, LM35, GSM900 and RS 232 are used. The system
automatically sends information about the location of the fire occurrences. In
addition to, the GSM module is responsible to send information to the nearest Bureau
of Fire Protection (BFP)

Result of series of test on the accuracy of the system reveal a 100% accuracy.
But further studies should be done in terms of delay in SMS, Smoke Detection and
Fire suppression since the researcher found out that about 7-10 seconds intermitted
delay in the system.

Keywords: IoT, sensors, fire suppression, SMS, fire alarm

I. INTRODUCTION

Material flammability is a fundamental aspect of fire as it corresponds to the root

of fire. Its characterization through the identification of “fire properties” is essential. The
concept of material flammability has evolved and its experimental and numerical
development has followed the evolution of its role in the fire safety engineering strategy.
Usually, fire detectors are designed to respond at an early stage to one more of the four
major characteristics of combustion such as heat, smoke, flame or gas. No single type of
detector is suitable for all types of premises or fire. Heat detectors respond to the
temperature rise associated with fire which smoke detector respond to the smoke or gas
generated due to fire. Accordingly, this proposed project includes the design and
implementation of fire alarm system with SMS notification. Moreover, this idea is
economically efficient as well because it is beneficial and it reduces human intervention
and labour extensively. Furthermore, the execution can be made at a very low cost
providing extensive environmental, property and life protections. Definitely, this system
prevents fire and suppresses though the adoption of fire safety standards. Von
Tomkewitsch (2015) specified that “more intelligent detector signal processing using
microprocessors calls for an entirely new fire detection system structure: detectors which
independently “decide” whether an alarm criterion is met and then initiate an alarm are
replaced by sensors which continuously transmit their measured values to the ‘intelligence’
panel for evaluation”.

On the other hand, Moore (2010) emphasized that fire detector system has its
structural change type which is possibly provided the positive and the customary
characteristics of the conventional technique are not lost, viz. two-wire lines between
detector and panel, simple installation and handling, easy detector replaceability and low
cost. However, Kimura (2000) mentioned in his invention that detector utilizes the
difference in spectral distribution between flames and artificial lights. It compares radiation
intensities reaching the two wavelength bands and distinguishes between flames and other
radiation sources

Indeed, the development of the GSM-Based fire alarm with SMS notification
system could probably help to reduce fire incidents in the community. It is also an
instrument to give quick action in every fire incident. This system mainly focused on the
development of the fire detector machine to lessen fire occurrences and save life from fire
accidents. Likewise, this fire alarm system that can detect a smoke when there is a smoke
and a temperature detector when there is a fire and a GSM module that can send a SMS
notification to notify the concerned person and every individual if fire alarm system
detected a smoke.

The ultimate objective of this system is to utilize the available and cheap method
of the remote and automated process through GSM network and sensing system to collect
real-time status of the environment and provide prompt remote response in case of fire
incident. In addition, it develops a prototype that incorporates multiple sensors to detect
residential fire outbreaks. Additionally, it tries to test the developed prototype. Then, it
helps to lessen the volume of fire can burn the properties. Relative to this, minimal power
consumption is required for the operations. Finality, it limits to transmit information of
the fire occurrences to places or location with poor network and limited network
coverage.

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS

Three methods are being employed in the study conduct of this research,
developmental method was used in conceiving the device, a descriptive survey analysis in
gathering the data used in unit testing and observation analysis. The systems are also
presented to an external evaluator to gather questions and relevant information’s. During
the development of the research, specific sensors and electronics parts used in the research
are carefully analyzed and test using their data sheets as threshold parameters. An
observation analysis is being conducted to determine the response time, delays and if the
unit are working efficiently.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The method used in the execution of this project comprises the combination of
serial communication protocols, signal processing, programming logics with embedded
system. Further, in order to establish the aim of the project, these methods were combined
from the design stage to the construction and performance results of the system. Using
carefully selected materials and software implementation to drive the complete system as
seen in the final construction.
Few tests were done to observe the system’s performance. The tests were completed
by applying heat near to the LM35. Figure 1 shows the condition which the LM35 is in
ready mode (TEMPERATURE SAFE but Detect none). Figure 2 displays when the LM35
detected fire and alert message will appear on the LCD Display. 3 reveal the SMS received
by the user when fire alert is notified by the system.

Figure 4.1 When fire Figure 4.2 When fire is

is still not detected detected.

Figure 4.3 SMS received by the user to notify the fire

SCHEDULE OF THE STUDY existence

Gantt chart is a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. Also, it illustrates
the start and the end dates of the terminal elements and summary elements of the project.
Likewise, it can be used to show current schedule status using percent complete shading
Cost benefits and Return of investment
Fire alarm are incredibly efficient. Given the service they provide, and the peace of
mind, it makes sense to consider them. They’re relatively inexpensive, but you should
always make sure to routinely maintain them and acquire the appropriate testing.

Return of investment
The Return of Investment and Cost Benefits Analysis for this project may be
derived by computing the ratio of the Investment or loss for the entire sales of this
Automated Fire Prevention and Suppression using GSM and Multi-Sensor Alarm. To
compute the Return of Investment and Cost Benefits Analysis of this project may be
derived the Existing market price, Increase in existing market price per year, Investment,
Estimated difference, Salvage value at the end of five years and Depreciation cost per year.
It includes the total and average for the payback period of the existing system.

Data Design
Data Design shows input for the Smoke Sensors, Temperature Sensor. The process
is to read the value of sensors. The output will sends SMS, displays status of sensors to
lcd monitor, Buzzer alarm and submersible pumps water.
System Flow Chart

FULL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

 TESTING

Figure 4.4: Smoke testing 0.5 fT Figure 4.5: Smoke testing 1 ft

Figure 4.6: Smoke testing 2ft Figure 4.7: Smoke testing 3 ft

Figure 4.8: Connections of Arduino Figure 4.9: Monitor of smoke and temperature

Figure 4.10: Temperature compared to Analog Thermometer

and LM35
IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 A GSM-Based SMS notification fire alarm is a device that detects the presence of fire and
atmospheric changes relating to smoke. In some cases, a firm alarm is a part of a complete security
system, in addition to a burglary protection system. The fire alarm operates to alert people to
evacuate a location in which a fire or smoke accumulation is present when functioning properly, a fire
alarm will sound and send SMS to notify people of an immediate fire emergency and immediately
spray water. Fire alarms can be found in homes, schools, churches and businesses, and function as
the catalyst to saving lives. For most fire alarms, when sounded, a beep, bell or horn noise is made.
This distinct sound exists to allow the notification to be heard. The fire alarm constructed by this
project work is reliable at low cost. By using our “GSM - BASED SMS NOTIFICATION FIRE
ALARM SYSTEM”, we were able to achieve our desired purposes.
In view of the limitations of this design, the system will be improved and sustained by the
future researchers by including voice alarm and Global Positioning System in the system.

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