University of Benghazi
 
Faculty of Engineering
 

 
Civil Engineering Department
 

Numerical Analysis CE 501

Program No.1
Matrix Operations
 

Submitted to:
Prof. Salem Alsanusi
07, Nov, 2022

Prepared by:
Bashir A. El-Saadawi
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
 Introduction
In this paper, we will discuss the following operations on matrices and their properties by using
Matlab programming language:

 Matrices Addition
 Matrices Multiplication
 Matrices Transpose
 Matrices Inverse

1- Matrices Addition:
*****************************************************************************
clc
clear all
close all
x=[1 2 3; 3 4 1; -2 4 7];
y=[2 3 4; 1 2 3; 0 8 -1];
x
y
z=x+y;
disp('matrix addition z=x+y')
[m n]=size(x);
z=zeros(m,n);
for a=1:m
for b=1:n
z(a,b)=x(a,b)+y(a,b);
b=b+1;
end
a=a+1;
end
disp(z)
*****************************************************************************

 
1 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
Example:
1 2 3 2 3 4
𝑥 3 4 1 , 𝑦 1 2 3
2 4 7 0 8 1
3 5 7
𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 →𝑧 4 6 4
2 12 6
By using Matlab code:

 
2 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
2- Matrices Multiplication:
*****************************************************************************
clc
clear all
close all
x=[ 1 2; 3 4];
y=[ 5 6 7; 8 9 10];
x
y
[m1 n1]=size(x);
[m2 n2]=size(y);
z=zeros(m1,n2);
for a=1:m1;
for b=1:n2;
for c=1:n1;
z(a,b)= z(a,b)+ x(a,c)*y(c,b);
c=c+1;
end
b=b+1;
end
a=a+1;
end
disp('multiplication of x*y =');
disp(z);

*****************************************************************************

 
3 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
Example:
1 2 5 6 7
𝑥 , 𝑦
3 4 8 9 10
21 24 27
𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 →𝑧
47 54 61
By using Matlab code:

 
4 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
3- Matrices Transpose:
*****************************************************************************
clc
clear all
close all
x=[ 1 2; 2 3; 5 6];
x
[m n]=size(x);
tran=zeros(n,m);
for a=1:n
for b=1:m
tran(a,b)=x(b,a);
end
end
disp('Transpose of matrix [x] is')
disp(tran);

*****************************************************************************

Example:
1 2
𝑥 2 3
5 6
1 2 5
𝑥
2 3 6
By using Matlab code:

 
5 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
4- Matrices Inverse:
*****************************************************************************
A=input('Matrix A')
[m,n]=size(A);
if m~=n
fprintf('Not a square matrix \n')
else
if det(A)==0
fprintf('A is a singular matrix \n')
else
for r=1:m
for c=1:n
if r==c
E(r,c)=1;
else
E(r,c)=0;
end
end
end
T=[A E];
%%

for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=k:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
temp_line(1,j)=T(i,j);
T(i,j)=T(k,j);
T(k,j)=temp_line(1,j);
end
end
end

%%
for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=1:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
T(k,j)=T(i,j)+T(k,j);
end
end
end

 
6 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 

for i=1:m-1
coe=T(i,i);
for j=1:2*m
T(i,j)=T(i,j)/coe;
end
for u=i+1:m
for o=u:m
temp_coe=T(o,i);
for l=1:2*m
T(o,l)=T(o,l)-temp_coe*T(i,l);
end
for p=o:m
if T(p,p)==0
for q=o+1:m
if T(q,p)~=0
break
end
for w=1:2*m
T(p,w)=T(p,w)+T(q,w);
end
end
end
end
end
end
end

coe_t=T(m,m);
for j=m:2*m
T(m,j)=T(m,j)/coe_t;
end

%%
for i=m-1:-1:1
for k=i+1:m
l=k;
temp_coe=T(i,k)/T(l,k);
for j=i:2*m;
T(i,j)=T(i,j)-temp_coe*T(l,j);
end
end
end

%%
for i=1:m
for j=m+1:2*m
inverse_A(i,j-m)=T(i,j);
end
end

inverse_A
end
end
*****************************************************************************
 
7 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
Example:
1 2 1
𝐴 2 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 2
𝐴 1 1 1
2 3 4
By using Matlab code:

 
 
8 
 
 CE 501 Numerical Analysis
 
Solve Home work by using Matlab code
3923 600 0 0 800 600
⎡ 600 2532 0 20832 600 450 ⎤
⎢ 0 0 21625 0 1562 0 ⎥ 
 𝑘 ⎢ 0 20832 0 2983.3 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 800 600 1562 0 2362.5 0 ⎥
⎣ 600 450 0 0 0 353335⎦
 

 
 
9 
 
CE 501 Numerical Analysis

Appendix
Output from Matlab
Addition MATLAB Command Window 1 of 1

>> x=[1 2 3; 3 4 1; -2 4 7];

y=[2 3 4; 1 2 3; 0 8 -1];
x
y
z=x+y;
disp('matrix addition z=x+y')
[m n]=size(x);
z=zeros(m,n);
for a=1:m
for b=1:n
z(a,b)=x(a,b)+y(a,b);
b=b+1;
end
a=a+1;
end
disp(z)

x =

1 2 3
3 4 1
-2 4 7

y =

2 3 4
1 2 3
0 8 -1

matrix addition z=x+y

3 5 7
4 6 4
-2 12 6

>>
Multiplication MATLAB Command Window 1 of 1

>> x=[ 1 2; 3 4];

y=[ 5 6 7; 8 9 10];
x
y
[m1 n1]=size(x);
[m2 n2]=size(y);
z=zeros(m1,n2);
for a=1:m1;
for b=1:n2;
for c=1:n1;
z(a,b)= z(a,b)+ x(a,c)*y(c,b);
c=c+1;
end
b=b+1;
end
a=a+1;
end
disp('multiplication of x*y =');
disp(z);

x =

1 2
3 4

y =

5 6 7
8 9 10

multiplication of x*y =
21 24 27
47 54 61

>>
Transpose MATLAB Command Window 1 of 1

>> x=[ 1 2; 2 3; 5 6];

x
[m n]=size(x);
tran=zeros(n,m);
for a=1:n
for b=1:m
tran(a,b)=x(b,a);
end
end
disp('Transpose of matrix [x] is')
disp(tran);

x =

1 2
2 3
5 6

Transpose of matrix [x] is

1 2 5
2 3 6

>>
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 1 of 3

>> A=input('Matrix A')

%Build a Temp_Matrix:T=[A E], and E=A*inverse(A).
[m,n]=size(A);
if m~=n
fprintf('Not a square matrix \n')
else
if det(A)==0
fprintf('A is a singular matrix \n')
else
for r=1:m
for c=1:n
if r==c
E(r,c)=1;
else
E(r,c)=0;
end
end
end
T=[A E];
%%

for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=k:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
temp_line(1,j)=T(i,j);
T(i,j)=T(k,j);
T(k,j)=temp_line(1,j);
end
end
end

%%
for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=1:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
T(k,j)=T(i,j)+T(k,j)
end
end
end
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 2 of 3

%%
for i=1:m-1
coe=T(i,i);
for j=1:2*m
T(i,j)=T(i,j)/coe;
end
for u=i+1:m
for o=u:m
temp_coe=T(o,i);
for l=1:2*m
T(o,l)=T(o,l)-temp_coe*T(i,l);
end
for p=o:m
if T(p,p)==0
for q=o+1:m
if T(q,p)~=0
break
end
for w=1:2*m
T(p,w)=T(p,w)+T(q,w);
end
end
end
end
end
end
end

coe_t=T(m,m);
for j=m:2*m
T(m,j)=T(m,j)/coe_t;
end

%%
for i=m-1:-1:1
for k=i+1:m
l=k;
temp_coe=T(i,k)/T(l,k);
for j=i:2*m;
T(i,j)=T(i,j)-temp_coe*T(l,j);
end
end
end

%%
for i=1:m
for j=m+1:2*m
inverse_A(i,j-m)=T(i,j);
end
end
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 3 of 3

inverse_A
end
end
Matrix A [1 2 -1; -2 0 1; 1 -1 0]

A =

1 2 -1
-2 0 1
1 -1 0

inverse_A =

1.0000 1.0000 2.0000

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
2.0000 3.0000 4.0000

>>
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 1 of 3

>> A=input('Matrix A')

%Build a Temp_Matrix:T=[A E], and E=A*inverse(A).
[m,n]=size(A);
if m~=n
fprintf('Not a square matrix \n')
else
if det(A)==0
fprintf('A is a singular matrix \n')
else
for r=1:m
for c=1:n
if r==c
E(r,c)=1;
else
E(r,c)=0;
end
end
end
T=[A E];
%%

for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=k:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
temp_line(1,j)=T(i,j);
T(i,j)=T(k,j);
T(k,j)=temp_line(1,j);
end
end
end

%%
for k=1:m
if T(k,k)==0
for i=1:m
if T(i,k)~=0
break
end
end
for j=1:2*m
T(k,j)=T(i,j)+T(k,j)
end
end
end
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 2 of 3

%%
for i=1:m-1
coe=T(i,i);
for j=1:2*m
T(i,j)=T(i,j)/coe;
end
for u=i+1:m
for o=u:m
temp_coe=T(o,i);
for l=1:2*m
T(o,l)=T(o,l)-temp_coe*T(i,l);
end
for p=o:m
if T(p,p)==0
for q=o+1:m
if T(q,p)~=0
break
end
for w=1:2*m
T(p,w)=T(p,w)+T(q,w);
end
end
end
end
end
end
end

coe_t=T(m,m);
for j=m:2*m
T(m,j)=T(m,j)/coe_t;
end

%%
for i=m-1:-1:1
for k=i+1:m
l=k;
temp_coe=T(i,k)/T(l,k);
for j=i:2*m;
T(i,j)=T(i,j)-temp_coe*T(l,j);
end
end
end

%%
for i=1:m
for j=m+1:2*m
inverse_A(i,j-m)=T(i,j);
end
end
Inverse MATLAB Command Window 3 of 3

inverse_A
end
end
Matrix A [3923 600 0 0 -800 -600;
600 2532 0 -20832 -600 -450;
0 0 21625 0 -1562 0;
0 -20832 0 2983.3 0 0;
-800 -600 -1562 0 2362.5 0;
-600 -450 0 0 0 353335]

A =

1.0e+05 *

0.0392 0.0060 0 0 -0.0080 -0.0060

0.0060 0.0253 0 -0.2083 -0.0060 -0.0045
0 0 0.2163 0 -0.0156 0
0 -0.2083 0 0.0298 0 0
-0.0080 -0.0060 -0.0156 0 0.0236 0
-0.0060 -0.0045 0 0 0 3.5334

inverse_A =

1.0e-03 *

0.2748 0.0007 0.0071 0.0052 0.0979 0.0005

0.0007 -0.0070 -0.0001 -0.0488 -0.0016 -0.0000
0.0071 -0.0001 0.0487 -0.0008 0.0346 0.0000
0.0052 -0.0488 -0.0008 -0.0055 -0.0112 -0.0001
0.0979 -0.0016 0.0346 -0.0112 0.4789 0.0002
0.0005 -0.0000 0.0000 -0.0001 0.0002 0.0028

>>