Example: Solve X*1 4 < 9 x-3 — eta eo Given ‘Add 2 to both sides using Addition Property of Equality a " Multiply by 2 fraction equal to 1. Distibutive Property Fraction Add Distributive Property and Combine Like Terms Solve the related equations (-2x + 10)(x-3) = 0 and x—3= 0. (-2x + 10)(x-3) = 0 -2x+10=0 Clear fractions by multiplying both sides by (x-3) -2x=-10 ‘Add -10 to both sides using Addition Property of Equality x= A0/(-2) = 5 Division Property of Equality x-3=0 x=3 Addition Property of Equality Plot the critical numbers. Use a closed circle for x=5 but an open circle for x=3. Testinterval 3 Test interval? __Testinterval 1 \ cae Tae. 2 ae —_+—_ 2 —_. Bees 4 ema Plug test values ints the simplified form 24% 19. < 0 In Interval 4, we let x= 6. This results in (-2« 6 + 10)/(6~3) <0 or ~2/3 <0 which is TRUE. So Interval 1 is part of the solution. In Interval 2, we let x = 4. This results in (-2° 4 + 10)/(4—3) <0 or 2/4 < which is FALSE. So Interval 2 is NOT part of the solution. In Interval 3, we let x = 2. This results In (-2 © 2 + 10)/(2-3) $0 or 6/(-1) < 0 which is TRUE. So Interval 3 is part of the sol This results in a graph of ce 2 3 4 6 6 with solution-x < 3 or x 2 §. Interval notation is (-« , 3) U [5, «). From MatnMotivation com — Permission Granted For Use and Moaiication For Non-Profit PurpésesTest arbitrary values of each interval. You may test the value in the original inequality or it’s simplified form. In Interval 4, let x=0 in| 2x+5[ > 1. ]200+5| >14 is TRUE, so Interval 4 is part of the solution. In Interva? 2, let x = -2.5 in |2x +5| > 4. 120(-2.5)+5| >1 is FALSE, so Interval 2 is NOT part of the solution. In Interval 3, tet x=- 4 in [2x +5| > 4. [2e(-4) +5 > 1 is TRUE, so Interval 3 is part of the solution. We shade Interval 4 and Interval 3, but do not include the endpoints. The solution is x > -2 or x <-3. In interval notation, we would write this as (- %, -3) U (-2, «). Method To Solve Rational Inequalities: 1. Move afl terms to one side of the inequality sign by applying the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division Properties of Inequalities, You should have only zero on one side of the inequality sign. 2. Solve the associated equation using an appropriate method. This solution or solutions will make up the set of critical values. At these values, sign changes occur in the inequality. 3. Find all values that result in Division By Zero. These are also critical values for rational inequalities 4. Plot the critical values on a number line. Use closed circles @ for < and > unless, the value results in division by zero — always use open circles for values resulting in division by zero since this value can not be part of the solution! Always use open circles o for < and > inequalities 5. Test each interval defined by the critical values. If an interval satisfies the inequatity, then itis part of the solution. Ifit does not satisfy the inequality, then it is not part of the solution. fn summary, the only difference between solving a rational inequality and a polynomial inequailty Is that there are additional cntical values that result in division by zer0, and you never include these additional values as Part of the solution, even if it is a < or > inequality. From MathMotivation com — Permission Granted For Use and Modifcation For Non-Pio PurposesAn Interval 2, let x=-1/4 in x7(3x + 1) > 0. (-114}?(36(-1/4) +4) > 0 is TRUE, since simplified, we get (1/16)(1/4) > ©, so Interval 2 is part of the solution. In Intervat 3, fet i in x°(3x + 1) > 0. {-APBe(-1) + 1) > Dis FALSE, since simpli so Interval 3 is NOT part of the solution. ied, we get (1)(-2) > 0, We shade Interval 4 and Intervat 2, but do rot include the endpoints. jaa See “1 at) A 3 The solution is x20 or -1/3 < x <0. The interval notation of this solution is (0, =) U (4/5, 0). ‘A COMMON MISTAKE TO AVOID! nes os ‘Students offen get to the equation x‘(3x + 1) = and then divide both sides by x" and solve 3x + 1 = 0, thus losing the zero solution. W Tenover you divide both sides of an algebraic equation by x or @ power af x, you incorrectly lase the zero solution. Example: Solve |2x+5| > 1 and graph the solution lax+5] >4 Given Solve the related equation [2x + 6 a To solve absolute value equations, you must solve two Cases: 2x45=4 and -(2x+6)=1 Solve 2x4 5=1 a= -4 ‘Add ~5 to both sides using Addition Property of Equality x=-4i2=2 Division Property of Equality Solve (2x +6)=4 2x54 Multiply through by ~1 using Distributive Property -2x=6 Add § to both sides using Addition Property of Equality x= 6i(-2)=-3 Division Property of Equality Plot the critical values, x= 0 and x =-1/3, Use open circles since this Is >. Test Testinterval 3} Imorwsl2 Test interval }__Iwerv2 CONTINUED... rom Matht4ovatin com = Persson Crentea Fg Use and Moditeation For Non Proft Purposes:Test arbitrary inequality or alues of each interval. You may test the value in the original 's simplified form. In Interval 4, tet x=1 i 4(1) + 6<0is FALSE. ax+6 <0. In Interval 2, tet x 4(-2) + 6 <0is TRUE. The solution is x <- 3/2, or in intervat notation, (- a 4 2 ®, 312]. The graph is Za a 34 ° Note: Itis more convenient tov interval bracket notation since ‘inequality intervals are tested. se the Circle notation for endpoints of the graph rather than the 0 not know which way the brackets will point until the Example: Solve 3x° + 5x? > 4x7 and graph the solution 3x) + Sx? > gx? Given Bx +x? > 0 Subtraction Property of Inequalities Now, solve 3x74 x! = 9 x(3x+1)=0 Distributive Property x?=O0o0r3x+1=0 Zero Product Law Solve x x=£V0 =0 Extract Square Roots Solve 3x+1=0 axe Add = to using Addition Property of Equality x5 AIS Division Property of Equality Plot the critical values, x= 0 and x “1/3. Use open circles this time! Test Testintervat') interval? Tost ntenval 4 ye —t-— A Ae 0 4 a Test arbitrary values of each interval, Y ‘OU may test the value in the origittal Inequality or it's simplified form. In Interval 1, let x=1 in x4(3x + 1)> 0. 17(301 + 1) > 0 is TRUE, so Interval 4 Is part of the solution. CONTINUED From Mathtollvallen com - Perrission Granted For Use and Madifcaion For NomProfit PurposesOR gitar es ey Solving Inequalities the result of replacing the = sign in an equation with <, >, <, or. For ‘inequality. We call it"linear” because ifthe quacratic inequalities if the degree is & expressions are called rational inequalities. So absolute value expressions. Solving Inequalities: A Summary hea nutshell, solving inequalities is about one thing: sign changes. Find all the points at which there are sign changes - we call these points crilical values. Then determine which, itany, of the intervals bounded by these critical values result in a solution. The solution to the inequality will consist of the set of all points contained by the solution intervals, Method To Solve Linear, Polynomial, or Absolute Value Inequalities: Move all terms to one side of the inequality sign by applying the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division Properties of Inequalities. You should have only zero on one side of the inequality sign. Solve the associated equation using an appropriate method. This solution or solutions will make up the set of critical values. At these values, sign changes occur sl in the inequality. Plot the critical values on a number line, Use closed circles for s and > inequalities, and use open circles 0 for < and > inequalities. Test each interval defined by the critical values. If an interval satisfies the inequality, then it is part of the solution. Ifit does not satisfy the inequality, then itis not part of the solution. Example: Solve 3x + §(x +1) < 4x-1 and graph the solution 3x + (x41) 5 4x~4 en 3x4 6x+6 S$ 4x-4 Distributive Property 8x45 < 4x-1 Combine Like Terms Subtract 4x from both sides, add 1 to both sides using 4x46 <0 Addition and Subtraction P: i eee action Properties of Inequality 4x = 8 Addition Property of Equali : = d ‘quality x= 56/4 = -3/2 Division Property of Equality Plot the critical value Test interval 2 est et Test interval t eee Saat ot th 2 ga 0 1 2 CONTINUED. ., From MathMctivation, ~~ Per t com Persson Grave Fo oa Hdicaton Fr Nan Po Pape