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QM2 HM5

1. The document outlines 7 homework problems involving scattering theory. Problem 1 involves solving the integral equation for a separable potential and obtaining the scattering amplitude using Born approximation. 2. Problem 2 examines scattering from a repulsive spherical potential, deriving the s-wave phase shift and total cross section in limits of high and low energy. 3. Problem 3 involves deriving the s-wave scattering cross section for a particle scattering from a delta-function shell potential in the low energy limit.

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117 views2 pages

QM2 HM5

1. The document outlines 7 homework problems involving scattering theory. Problem 1 involves solving the integral equation for a separable potential and obtaining the scattering amplitude using Born approximation. 2. Problem 2 examines scattering from a repulsive spherical potential, deriving the s-wave phase shift and total cross section in limits of high and low energy. 3. Problem 3 involves deriving the s-wave scattering cross section for a particle scattering from a delta-function shell potential in the low energy limit.

Uploaded by

jog1
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Homework Set 5 — Scattering 2

Due May 26, 2021

1. For the non-local separable potential

hr0 |V |ri = λv(r)v(r0 ), (1)

with v vanishing at large radius, determine the integral equation of Ψ+ (r) and solve as much
as possible. Discuss the Born series for this potential and obtain the scattering amplitude in
the first Born approximation.

2. Consider the 3D repulsive potential



V r<a
0
V (r) = (2)
0 r>a

with V0 > 0. A particle with energy E = ~2 k 2 /2m < V0 is incident upon the potential.

(a) Derive the phase shift for the s-wave.


(b) How does the phase shift behave for V0 → ∞?
(c) Derive the total cross section in the limit of very low energy

3. Consider a particle of mass m which scatters in 3D from a potential which is a shell at radius
a:
V (r) = −Cδ(r − a). (3)

Derive the s-wave expression for the scattering cross section in the limit of very low energy.

4. Prove for a central potential

m2 sin2 k|x − x0 |
Z Z
σtot ' 3
dx d3 x0 V (r)V (r0 ) (4)
π~4 k 2 |x − x0 |2

in each of the following ways.

1
(a) By integrating the differential cross section computed using the first-order Born approx-
imation.
(b) By applying the optical theorem to the forward-scattering amplitude in the second -
order Born approximation. [Note that f (0) is real if the first-order Born approximation
is used.]

5. A free particle of mass m traveling with momentum p along the z-axis scatters off the
potential
V (r) = V0 δ (3) (r − ẑ) − δ (3) (r + ẑ)
 
(5)
dσ
(a) Calculate the differential cross section dΩ
in the Born approximation.
(b) Under which assumptions is this approximation valid?

6. Consider the (non-relativistic) scattering of a particle of mass m and charge e from a fixed
R
charge distribution ρ(r). Assume that the charge distribution is neutral, i.e., d3 rρ(r) = 0,
and that is spherically symmetric, ρ(r) = ρ(r). Define the second moment of the distribution
as
Z
A = d3 rr2 ρ(r). (6)

(a) Use the Born approximation to derive the differential cross section
(b) Derive the expression for forward scattering, θ = 0.
(c) Assume that ρ(r) is for a neutral hydrogen atom in its ground state. Calculate A,
assuming that the nucleus does not recoil.

7. Consider the (non-relativistic) scattering of an electron of mass m and momentum k through


dσ
an angle θ. Calculate the differential cross-section dΩ in the Born approximation for the
spin-dependent potential
2
V = e−µr [A + B~σ · r], (7)

where ~σ are the Pauli matrices and µ, A, B are constants. Assume that the initial spin is
polarized along the incident direction and sum over all final spins.

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