Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Group Assessment
Task ASSIGNMENT 1

Course Code BEE 4203 Course Name

POWER ELECTRONICS
Week/Session/Year 2022/2023 Lecturer DR NORAZILA BINTI JAALAM
SESSION 1

Student Number Name Section

EC19100 IBRAHIM ADHAM BIN MOHD AZIZ Adham

EA17082 HARISON SAWITCHIARN A/L EH LIM Harison

EA19005 TENGKU AJMAL HAKIMI BIN TENGKU ROSDI Ajmal

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 BEE4203 POWER ELECTRONICS

ASSIGNMENT

Ibrahim Adham Bin Mohd Aziz Harison Sawitchiarn A/L Eh Lim Tengku Ajmal Hakimi Bin
Tengku Rosdi

INTRODUCTION
Electrical engineering's field of power electronics deals with the processing of high
voltages and currents to provide power for a range of purposes. These domains all require
consistent and dependable electric power with the appropriate requirements, from domestic
electronics to equipment in space applications. DC/DC converters, which are used in many
mobile devices like cell phones or PDAs, and AC/DC converters, which are found in computers
and televisions, are some examples of applications for power electronic systems. Power supply is
transformed from one form to another, delivering regulated and controlled power, employing
power semiconductor switches and control mechanisms. While power density, dependability,
and efficiency are crucial considerations when using power electronics, switched-mode power
supply are frequently used.

According to the definition, it may be considered a system that controls input that
controls other systems. Power electronics technology demand has increased in lockstep with the
development of human civilisation. Power electronics have become increasingly important as
contemporary technology and civilization have developed and advanced throughout time. This
theory is applicable to a wide range of professions, including electrical engineering and the
various subfields of power electronics, such as converters.

In relation to the subject at hand, we are aware that a converter is an electrical circuit that
accepts a DC input and produces a DC output of a different voltage. Usually done by using
inductive and capacitive filter components in high frequency switching action. A converter's
output might be different from the input and perform one or more tasks. The computer power
supply unit uses it to create multiple output voltages of the same polarity as the input, different
polarities, or mixed polarities. It may also be used to flip polarity and raise or decrease the
amplitude of the input voltage.

Figure 1: Power Converter Specifications

 For intermediate energy storage and voltage and current filtering, the converter makes
use of both linear and nonlinear reactive parts, such as semiconductor switches, inductors,
transformers, and capacitors. These parts account for a major portion of the converter's size,
weight, and price.

The buck, boost, and buck and boost converter circuits are the three fundamental
converter types that are frequently employed in DC to DC converters. Due to their simplicity and
use of fewer components, these designs are the most used topologies. Each has benefits and
disadvantages that decide whether it is suitable for a given application.

Converters are frequently used in electrical appliances, power supplies, and other circuits
that need a specified voltage and current level in addition to the raw energy from the supply. Any
type of required voltage is supplied by the converters at the required magnitude. The current
techniques of conversion give a choice of reliable and efficient energy to power the majority of
electronic devices and components with proper design and use of almost optimal components.
 METHODOLOGY
1. Do a simulation of one application employing dc-dc converter to deliver 5v output voltage to 5
ohm load resistor
2. By using photovoltaic panel which has minimum input voltage of 2.5v and maximum output
voltage of 3.5v into the design
3. Do a calculation of duty ratio, the average inductor current, the the value of the inductor, if the
inductor current variation must be less than 30 % of the average and the value of the
output capacitor, out if the output voltage ripple is less than 4 %
4. Simulink results are obtained and compared with theoretical calculations
5. Lastly, the importance of converters in a distributed generation system is discussed based on
understanding.

Matlab Design

Figure 2: Converter circuit with PV supply

Figure 3: The PV simulation values

Figure 4: Values of Resistor

 Figure 5: Value of Capacitor

Figure 6: Value of Diode (IGBT)

Figure 7: The pulse generator values
Main Components

Figure 8: PV with 32-degree temperature and 5.23 radiance

Figure 9: IGBT Diode

Figure 10: Diode

Figure 11: Filtering component
 RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
The study was carried out to validate the functioning of the boost converter using the
above-mentioned parameters and to compare the performance of the proposed system to the
theoretical calculation. The output voltage waveform and input voltage waveform of the
simulation are shown in the figures below.

Figure 12: Voltage Input Wave

 Figure 13: Voltage Output Wave

Calculation
Frequency = 120kHz
Vo = 5v
Vsmin = 2.5v
Vsmax = 3.5v

Duty Ratio

Vo = Vs/1-D
Vo(1-D) = Vs
1-D = Vs/Vo
D = 1 – Vs/Vo
D = 1 – 2.5v/5v D = 1 – 3.5v/5v
D = 0.5 D = 0.3

Average Indicator Current

I = Vs/(1 - D)*R

I = 2.5v/(1 - 0.5)^2*5ohm I = 3.5v/(1 - 0.3)^2*5ohm

I = 2A I = 1.43A
L min 25%
L min = [(1 - D)^2 * R] / 2f

L min = [(1 – 0.5)^2 * 5ohm] / 2*120kHz L min = [(1 – 0.3)^2 * 5ohm] / 2*120kHz
L min = 5.208microH L min = 10.208microH
L = 5.208microH + (0.25)*5.208microH L = 10.208microH + (0.25)*10.208microH
L = 6.51microH L = 12.76microH

r = 4% = 0.04
∆V/Vo = D / RCf = r
D / RCf = r
D = r*R*C*f
C = D / RCf

C = 0.5 / 0.04*5ohm*120kHz C = 0.3 / 0.04*5ohm*120kHz

C = 20.8333microF C = 12.5microF

To achieve continuous current mode, CCM, our inductor value is in fact greater than 25%
of the minimum inductor, L min. Additionally, the computation shows that the smallest current
value, I min, is greater than 0A, which allows us to analyze the simulation. These are the design
factors for boost converters that must be taken into account in order to produce a satisfactory
outcome while satisfying the criteria outlined in the question. The benefits of converters are that
they function as switches in the majority of applications, and we know that switching losses and
power loss in both ON and OFF states of the switch are extremely low. Besides, because these
devices don't have any mechanical moving parts, they have a very low failure rate and, as a
result, function incredibly well and have a long lifespan when utilized at recommended settings.
These converters can raise the voltage with the least number of parts possible.
 CONCLUSION
From the experiment that has been constructed by our team we can conclude solar panels
play a main role in the development of making a green environment. In addition, solar panels
have had a significant impact on our society by encouraging people to save more electricity. It is
also true that solar panels assist us in emergency situations like blackouts by serving as a backup
supply when there is a disruption in supply. In the experiment, we also learnt about inverters,
which are frequently used as AC drives and became accustomed to them and their operation (DC
to AC). We also learnt about the photovoltaic process, which is crucial in producing high-quality
solar panels, as well as its theory. We study the fundamental principles of the converter sections,
which include accepting dc input and producing dc output at a range of voltages. We can only
draw that conclusion.

REFERENCE
[1] “POWER ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY POWER ELECTRONICS
TECHNOLOGY.”
.https://ee.eng.usm.my/eeacad/syafrudin/nota/Lecture%20Note%20Macine%20&%20Drives
%20(Power%20Electronic%20Converter).pdf.

[2] “4. POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS 4.1. Power semiconductor switch.”

http://www.ene.ttu.ee/elektriajamid/curengcol/english/4Converters.pdf.

[3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uinB_iQjN1o