ANSWER SCHEMA OF TEST 2 DAC 21502

1. Rainfall distribution can be defined as:

A) Length of rainfall occurs

B) Rainfall fallen over drainage area

C) Ground is saturated due to previous rain

D) Rainfall amount

2. Water flows from most distant point to outlet can be labeled as:

A) Time to peak

B) Lag time

C) Concentration time

D) Base time

3. Time of concentration can be defined as:

A) Base time, lag time and inflow time

B) Time of stream flow, shallow flow and overland flow

C) Frequency, area and rainfall per unit time

D) Daily pan evaporation, wind movement and air temperature

4. Name two (2) concepts of lumped approach:

A) Input and output

B) Translation and storage

C) Sloped and planar

D) Shape and size

5. Discharge of stream flow can be described as:

A) Gallon / area

B) Gram X velocity

C) Liter / hour

D) Hectare / second

6. Definition of stream gauging is:

A) Measuring velocities up to 4 m/s

B) Known as direct determination

C) Important branch of surface runoff

D) Measuring length of wire until 25 m

7. Identify a stream flow measurement.

A) Area-volume method

B) Hydraulic radius technique

C) Slope area method

D) Hydrometry

8. State two (2) features adopted in area velocity method:

A) Unable accessible and stable reach

B) Site straight and stream cross section is defined

C) Gauging site has backwater effects and stable reach

D) Area of cross section at selected section and few years are

9. Give two (2) activities of Mid-section Method.

A) Sectional gauges and determine stream length

B) Survey markings and current meter

C) Measure depth and average velocity

D) Divide cross-section into subsections and measure air flow

10. Discharge estimation will be more accurate if:

A) More section line markings

B) More subsection used

C) Easy accessible

D) Well-defined

11. Two (2) components of hydrograph can be expressed as:

A) Transpiration and precipitation

B) Interflow and baseflow

C) Groundwater and impermeable

D) Hail and snow

12. Two (2) physical characteristics which affecting hydrograph shape are:

A) Rainfall intensity and rainfall time

B) Precipitation type and precipitation amount

C) Basin shape and drainage area

D) Land and forest

13. Hydrograph characteristics are:

A) Crest, rising slope and descending side

B) Recession limb, rising limb and crest

C) Rising, crest and limb

D) Rising limb, base, recession limb

14. Give a method to separate direct run-off.

A) Fixed Section Method

B) Variable Slope Method

C) Empiric Line Method

D) Intersection with Recession Method

15. Assumption in unit hydrograph can be described as:

A) Best time is depends on effective rainfall duration

B) Rainfall cumulative will occur with constant intensity

C) Rainfall is distributed uniformly (effective rainfall)

D) Watershed is formed from a few sub watersheds with inlet and outlet

16. Give a significance of unit hydrograph.

A) Catchment area

B) Structure design

C) Flow forecasting models

D) Wind records
17. Procedures to estimate unit hydrograph are:

A) Plot hyetograph and plot unit hyetograph

B) Calculate runoff volume and calculate area

C) Separate baseflow and plot hydrograph

D) Straight line and section method

18. Slope-area method can be classified as:

A) Hydraulic structures

B) Direct determination of stream flow

C) Indirect determination of stream flow

D) Velocity determination of stream flow

19. Give an equation which related to slope-area method.

A) Rational Method Equation

B) Manning's Equation

C) Peak Flow Equation

D) Deconvolution Equation

20. Identify two (2) types flow structures for indirect stream flow determination.

A) Catchment and watershed

B) Base weir and rectangular notch

C) Hydraulic radius and channel slope

D) Cross section and flume

21. Refer Table 1, calculate the first trial Φ index (cm/hour) if total runoff is 1.3 cm and total
rainfall is 3.5 cm.

Table 1

Time (hour) 1 2 3 4 5
Rainfall Intensity (cm/hour) 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3

A) 2.2 cm/hour

B) 0.37 cm/hour

C) 0.44 cm/hour

D) 22 cm/hour

22. Refer Table 2, calculate the time of rainfall excess (hours) for third trial Φ index (cm/hour)
if total runoff is 1.3 cm.

Table 2

Time (hour) 1 2 3 4 5
Rainfall Intensity (cm/hour) 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3

A) 5 hours

B) 4 hours

C) 3 hours

D) 2 hours
23. Refer Table 3, determine the range of Φ index (cm/hour) for the second trial if total rainfall
is 3.5 cm.

Table 3

Time (hour) 1 2 3 4 5
Rainfall Intensity (cm/hour) 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3

A) 0.9 < Φ index < 1.1

B) 0.7 < Φ index < 0.9

C) 0.5 < Φ index < 0.7

D) 0.3 < Φ index < 0.5

24. Refer Table 4, derive the PEXCESS (cm) if Φ index is 0.475 cm.

Table 4

Time (hour) 1 2 3 4 5
Rainfall Intensity (cm/hour) 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3

A) (0.3 - 0.475)(1) + (0.7 - 0.475)(1) + (1.1 - 0.475)(1) + (0.9 - 0.475)(1) + (0.5 - 0.475)(1)

B) (0.7 - 0.475)(1) + (1.1 - 0.475)(1) + (0.9 - 0.475)(1) + (0.5 - 0.475)(1)

C) (1.1 - 0.475)(1) + (0.9 - 0.475)(1) + (0.5 - 0.475)(1)

D) (0.9 - 0.475)(1) + (0.5 - 0.475)(1)

25. Refer Table 5, calculate the total rainfall (cm) if catchment area is 15 hectare.

Table 5

Time (hour) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Rainfall Intensity (cm/hour) 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.7

A) 6.5 cm

B) 7.1 cm

C) 7.3 cm

D) 6.9 cm

26. Refer Table 6, calculate the return period, T for the first rank of data.

Table 6

Rank, m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
P (mm) for 5 min 59 55 53 51 45 43 41 37 35 33 31
P (mm) for 10 min 77 75 71 65 59 57 55 51 47 43 41

A) 10

B) 11

C) 12

D) 13
27. Refer Table 7, calculate intensity value (in/hour) for 45 minutes precipitation.

Table 7

Precipitation (in) of Duration

Return Period
15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min
20 0.69 1.09 2.09 3.03
10 0.61 0.93 1.73 2.91

A) 2.71 in/hour

B) 2.19 in/hour

C) 2.79 in/hour

D) 3.03 in/hour

28. Refer Table 8, determine the descending value for 15 minutes precipitation.

Table 8

Precipitation (mm) of Duration:

Year
5 min 10 min 15 min 20 min
2015 15 31 51 71
2016 17 33 55 73
2017 11 27 59 71
2018 19 35 53 79
2019 13 31 57 77

A) 19 mm, 17 mm, 15 mm, 13 mm, 11 mm

B) 35 mm, 33 mm, 31 mm, 31 mm, 27 mm

C) 79 mm, 77 mm, 73 mm, 71 mm, 71 mm

D) 59 mm, 57 mm, 55 mm, 53 mm, 51 mm

29. Refer Table 9, calculate value precipitation depth (in) for 45 minutes precipitation at 10-
year frequency.

Table 9

Precipitation (in) of Duration

Rank Return Period
15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min
1 0.69 1.09 2.09 3.03 12
2 0.61 0.93 1.73 2.91 6
3 0.53 0.85 1.59 2.79 4

A) 0.59 in

B) 1.97 in

C) 1.67 in

D) 2.99 in

30. Refer Table 10, calculate value precipitation depth (in) for 15 minutes at 5-year frequency.

Table 10

Precipitation (in) of Duration

Rank Return Period
15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min
1 0.69 1.09 2.09 3.03 12
2 0.61 0.93 1.73 2.91 6
3 0.51 0.81 1.59 2.79 4

A) 0.65 in

B) 0.97 in

C) 0.56 in

D) 1.61 in
31. Calculate time of shallow concentration (s) for 775 ft length with 3.9 ft/s of velocity.

A) 3022.5 s

B) 198.7 s

C) 0.005 s

D) 3.3 s

32. Refer Table 11, calculate composite runoff coefficient.

Table 11

Surface Type Area, A (km2) Runoff Coefficient, C AXC

Wooded 1.5 0.9 1.35
Grass 13.5 0.3 4.05
Impervious 11 0.25 2.75
Total Area 26 ƩAXC 8.15

A) 1.451

B) 0.483

C) 0.313

D) 3.191
33. Refer Table 12, calculate hydraulic radius (m).

Table 12

Wetted Wetted
Channel Area Channel Channel Slope
Item Channel Area Channel
(m2) Perimeter (m) (%)
(m2) Perimeter (m)
Value 55 25 27 15 0.55

A) 2.037 m

B) 1.667 m

C) 3.667 m

D) 0.925 m

34. Refer Table 13, calculate peak runoff, QP (ft3/s) for a 20-year storm using Rational Method.

Table 13

Item ƩArea Areaforested Arearesidential I10year I20year

Cforested Cresidential Ccomposite
(acre) (acre) (acre) (in/hr) (in/hr)
Value 33 25 8 0.15 0.3 0.19 1.71 2.69

A) 66 ft3/s

B) 0.64 ft3/s

C) 16.87 ft3/s

D) 10.73 ft3/s
35. Refer Table 14, calculate the time of concentration (min).

Table 14

Shallow
Overland Stream
Time base Time To Time of Concentrated
Item Flow Time Flow Time
(min) Peak (min) Lag (min) Flow Time
(min) (min)
(min)
Value 19 17.9 3.7 3.9 3.85 3.95

A) 26.55 min

B) 25.75 min

C) 40.6 min

D) 52.3 min

36. Refer Table 15, calculate stream velocity (m/s).

Table 15

Depthwater Ns Averagewidth Time

Item a b Revolution
(m) (Rev./s) (m) (s)
Value 0.65 0.03 3.3 0.73 1.7 73 100

A) 0.475 m/s

B) 0.021 m/s

C) 0.505 m/s

D) 0.671 m/s
37. Refer Table 16, calculate discharge (m3/s) at middle segment.

Table 16

W2 W3 Y2 V2 Time
Item Ns
(m) (m) (m) (m/s) (s)
Value 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.39 0.77 100
1

A) 1.55 m3/s

B) 7.25 m3/s

C) 1.95 m3/s

D) 18.55 m3/s

38. Refer Table 17, calculate discharge (m3/s).

Table 17

Depth Areaaverage Velocityaverage Widthaverage Revolutions Time

Item
(m) (m2) (m/s) (m) (s)
Value 1.9 4.3 0.37 2.3 97 150

A) 31708.9 m3/s

B) 2.179 m3/s

C) 1.591 m3/s

D) 5.013 m3/s
39. Refer Table 18, calculate the stream discharge (m3/s)

Table 18

C0 C1 C2 q
Item
(g/m3) (g/m3) (g/m3) (m3/s)
Value 1.1 X 10-10 3.3 X 10-3 5.9 X 10-9 19 X 10-6

A) 0.0033 m3/s

B) 10828996 X 10-6 m3/s

C) 0.00000000579 m3/s

D) 0.0000019 m3/s

40. Refer Table 19, calculate number of days.

Table 19

Area Inflow Outflow Precipitation Natural Evaporation

Item
(km2) (m3/s) (m3/s) (m) basin (m)
Value 13579 0.77 0.55 0.07 0.8 0.01

A) 6.71 days

B) 5.37 days

C) 950.53 days

D) 6.41 days