Superior University Lahore, Faisalabad Campus

INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN LAB

Objectives

1. To understand the rules of Digital Logic Desig Lab.

2. To understand and learn the use and functions of a digital trainer, breadboard and other
lab equipment’s.
3. To determine the logic connections, power supply and identify different ICs, pin
configuration using the data book of any IC.
4. To verify the truth tables of logic gates using TTL ICs.
5. Installing software for designing DLD Circuits.

Lab Rules

 Students must attend all scheduled laboratory sessions.

 Students are required to be punctual – late comers may be refused entry.
 Students should come prepared. Read the background information and discuss the
experiment with their colleagues.
 Students must bring the Lab manual on every time they come to the laboratory.
 Do not make walking around, chatting or noise during lab period.
 In the lab perform all steps carefully and show it to instructor for verification.
 Pre-lab questions must be answered prior to the next laboratory session.
 Answer all questions and all sections of the laboratory.
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The Breadboard

In general the breadboard consists of two terminal strips and two bus strips (often broken in the
center). Each bus strip has two rows of contacts. Each of the two rows of contacts are a node.
That is, each contact along a row on a bus strip is connected together (inside the breadboard).
Bus strips are used primarily for power supply connections, but are also used for any node
requiring a large number of connections. Each terminal strip has 60 rows and 5 columns of
contacts on each side of the center gap. Each row of 5 contacts is a node. 

    

Figure 1-1-1: The Breadboard

You will build circuit by placing the legs of components (ICs, resistors, switches…., etc) in the
holes (see figure 1-2).
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IC Pin Configuration

For Pin Configuration and pin Diagrams refer to the IC Data Handbooks. It is the responsibility
of student to get the IC data sheet well in advance before coming to the Lab. In almost all labs it
is required that student will draw the pin diagram and function table of the IC to be used in the
Lab by himself. IC data sheet handbooks are also available in the Lab.
Sometimes the chip manufacturer may denote the first pin by a small indented circle above the
first pin of the chip. Place your chips in the same direction, to save confusion at a later stage.
Remember that you must connect power to the chips to get them to work.

The 5V supply MUST NOT BE EXCEEDED since this will damage the ICs (Integrated
circuits) used during the experiments. Incorrect connection of power to the ICs could result in
them exploding or becoming very hot - with the possible serious injury occurring to the
people working on the experiment!
 
Various types of logic, representing different technologies, are available to any logic designer.
The choice of a particular family is determined by factors such as speed, cost, availability, noise
immunity and so forth. The experiments in this lab book use primarily transistor-transistor logic
or TTL. The detailed performance characteristics of TTL depend on particular sub family.
However all TTL is designed to operate from a 5V power supply, and the logic levels are the
same for all TTL integrated circuits. For any integrated circuit (IC) to function properly, power
and ground must be connected. The connection diagram for the IC shows these connections.
Figure 3. shows the connection diagram for a 7404 hex inverter, which will be used in this
experiment.

Figure.1-1-3: Pin diagram of a 7404 HEX inverter

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Pins are numbered counter clock wise from the top, starting with a notch or circle at the top or
next to pin 1; see figure 4

Circle Notch

Pin 1 Pin 14

Pin 7 Pin 8

Figure 1-1-4: Pin numbers of IC & Cut-away View

Logic Trainer

Figure 1-1-5: Logic trainer

The main parts of the logic trainer are as follows.

Regulated Power Supply: Power supply with short circuit protection that provides +5V, +12v
and -12v with power indicator and protection fuse.
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State Monitors: State monitors are simply light emitting diodes, which are used to indicate the
state of a logical output. Lighted diode represents a logic-1 and unlighted diode means logic-0.

Logic Switches: There are 8/16 logic switches are special types of switches, designed to produce
two TTL compatible logic outputs which are complement of each other.

Digital Display: State monitors are simply light emitting diodes, which are used to indicate the
state of a logical output. Lighted diode represents a logic-1 and unlighted diode means logic-0.

BCD Logic Input: If a BCD logic input is applied to the four input terminal, it will be decoded
and displayed on the corresponding seven segment display.

Breadboard: Breadboard is also provided for developing circuits. It can be extended by

connecting other pieces of breadboard.

The Digital Multi-meter (DMM)

The DMM is used for measuring dc and ac voltage and resistance. Figure shows typical test
bench and handheld DMMs.

Figure: 1-1-6 DMM

Wiring a circuit should be completed in the order described below:

 Turn the power of Digital Logic Design Trainer off before you build anything!
 Make sure the power is off before you build anything!
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 The +5V supply may be found on the left side of the Digital Logic Design Trainer.
 Connect the +5V and ground (GND) leads of the power supply to the power and ground
bus strips on your breadboard. The +5V supply may be found on the left side panel of the
Digital Logic Design Trainer with the black switch at the +5V fixed position. Before
connecting up, use a voltmeter to check that the voltage does not exceed 5V.
 Plug the chips you will be using into the breadboard. Point all the chips in the same
direction with pin 1 at the upper-left corner. (Pin 1 is often identified by a dot or a notch
next to it on the chip package)
 Connect +5V and GND pins of each chip to the power and ground bus strips on the
breadboard.
 Select a connection on your schematic and place a piece of hook-up wire between
corresponding pins of the chips on your breadboard. It is better to make the short
connections before the longer ones.
 Mark each connection on your schematic as you go, so as not to try to make the same
connection again at a later stage.
 Get one of your group members to check the connections, before you turn the power
on. 
 If an error is made and is not spotted before you turn the power on. Turn the power off
immediately before you begin to rewire the circuit.
 At the end of the laboratory session, collect you hook-up wires, chips and all equipment
and return them to the demonstrator.
 Tidy the area that you were working in and leave it in the same condition as it was before
you started.