European Multidisciplinary Journal of

Modern Science
EUROPEAN MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF MODERN SCIENCE
MS ISSN 2750-6274 https://emjms.academicjournal.io Volume: 16 | Mar-2023

Types and Characteristics of Translation

Alisherova Dilshoda Azizxon qizi

Student of Uzbekistan State World Languages University

Annotation: This article is devoted to a broad coverage of the field of translation, the types and
qualities, stages, and processes of translation. General problems that appear in translation studies are also
discussed.

Keywords: types of translation, fields of translation, dictionaries, language, adequate translation,

creative translation, literal translation, idiom translation, history of translation.

Introduction: Translation is a type of literary work that consists in re-creating a text in one
language in another language. Translation is the most important form of international
communication. Depending on the nature of the original and restored text, it is divided into
artistic translation, scientific translation and other types. According to the way of reflecting
the original copy, it can have such forms as tafsir, tabdil, sharh. Translation arose in ancient
times due to the need for communication between people of different tribes. This type of
spoken language, called Tilmochlik is still preserved today.
HISTORY OF LITERATURE AND METHODOLOGY
Over time, the requirements for translation are updated. But its creative character, the art of
re-creation, does not change. The scope and development of a language depends on the
educational level of each nation and, in turn, it effectively affects the social thinking of the
nation. The term "translation" refers to the process of translation from one language to
another, as well as the finished work of translation. Translation is not copying; the translator's
aesthetic need leaves a mark on the Translation beyond his control. If the writer artistically
expresses his observations from life events in the language, the translator re-embodys the
original text in a new language. To do this, he must have a thorough knowledge of the reality
mentioned in the work at the level of the author. Translation has a great influence on the
development of the literature of every nation, because the history of translation is equal to the
history of literature. Translation has long been developed in Uzbek literature. In the works of
Mahmud Koshgari, Rabguzi, Qutb, Navoi, Babur, Munis, Ogahi and others, translation
occupies a large place. Among the 20th century Uzbek writers, Cholpon, Gafur Ghulam,
Oybek, Abdulla Qahhor, Mirtemir, Shaikhzada, Mirzakalon Ismaili, Askad Mukhtar, Erkin
Vahidov, Abdulla Oripov, Muhammad Ali and others were also effective in the field of
literary translation. In the field of artistic translation, M. Osim, N. Alimuhamedov, Sh.
Shomuhamedov, K. Kakhdorova, O. Sharopov, Sh. Tolipov, V. Rozimatov, K.
Mirmuhamedov, A. Rashidov, M. Hakimov, I. Gafurov, M. Mirzoidov, G. Torabekov, T.
Alimov and others are known as professional translators. Great progress has been made in the
translation of scientific-technical and socio-political literature into Uzbek. Translators such as
R. Abdurakhdyunov, V. Rahimov, A. Shomahmudov, and Z. Tincherova contributed a lot to
this. In Uzbekistan, translation studies were formed as a special science in the second half of
the last century. By the end of the century, about 10 types of science and more than 50
candidates of science were developed in this field. Professor J. Sharipov's researches were
mainly dedicated to showing the place of translation in the history of our literature, while

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Professor F. Salomov mainly dealt with the issues of modern translation studies, showed the
influence of language and literary traditions on the translation process. And N. Komilov
researched past and present translations of classical genres. Uzbek translation studies
developed mainly in the literary direction. Human aspects of translation began to develop
later - after the direct translation from many foreign languages into Uzbek was opened. We
have also acquired sufficient information in the field of translation. According to the
performance of translation, it is divided into written and oral types. In turn, according to the
cost of written translation:
 Works of art;
 Scientific literature;
 Official documents;
 Journalistic articles;
 Translation of movies;
Each of these again has its own internal divisions. Literary translation includes translation of
prose, poetry, drama, and works. Scientific literature consists of translations of studies in
various fields of science: linguistics, literary studies, HISTORY, philosophy, mathematics,
physics, chemistry, biology, economics, etc. Official office documents include: letters,
decisions, statements, orders, patently, etc. Journalistic materials include articles, messages,
Feletons, essays, pamphlets, publicisms, and all materials in the periodical press and mass
media. The translation of movies also consists of artistic, scientific and documentary films.
Interpreting is also widespread, and the language of translation covers the range from
exchange of views between heads of state on internationally important financial, political and
economic topics to simple conversations. According to the character of oral translation:
 Simultaneous translation;
 Sequential translation;
 To explain;
 Read and translate;
 Read and tell;
 Listen and tell
Simultaneous translation is considered one of the most difficult and important types of
interpretation, in which, unlike sequential translation, the translator simultaneously translates
the speaker's speech in the original language into the target language. Those who conduct
simultaneous translation are called simultaneous interpreters or synchronists.Usually, the
practice of simultaneous translation is carried out with the help of special equipment.
Whispering techniques are sometimes used for individual listeners. The possibility of
simultaneous translation in modern languages is about 50%. In it, the words correspond to the
proportion of words that do not contain any new information, while some information is not
fully received by the listeners. Consecutive translation is oral information in one language
after giving it is to translate it into another language. Translator general thoughts of the
speaker or at least the main paragraphlistens and then interprets the speech using notes taken
while listening (notetaking).The interpreter thus speaks sequentially on behalf of the main
speaker. Some speakers say a few sentences and thenthey offer to translate to a translator.
The translator writes brieflyhe can work without taking and he remembers what said keeps
Thus was; consecutive translation of the speaker's speech the request is fulfilled after
listening. Information in this situation it is necessary to remember all its contents. Continuous
translation negotiations, conferences, statesmen and political personalitiesit is used during

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meetings and accompanying the delegation. The problem of serial translation is enough in
scientific literaturenot discussed. According to the time of consecutive translation divided
into 2 stages.The first stage includes the speaker's speech and that's it the interpreter can
record a short speech at the stage. In the second step, the translator records the message
translates using Human memory remembers all the words (information).can't stay The
translator finds a logical chain of thought in the textand it is important to reveal the semantic
basis of the speaker's speech.So, keep in mind the words of the translator dictionaryfor
understanding the whole text and the basis of the sentencefinding a semantic basis that helps
to remember itneeds to be translated). To explain is to read something and tell its content
orally. It is called reading and translating literature on a certain topic. Reading something and
simply telling its content is part of reading and telling. Listening and speaking means
explaining what you hear in another language to people who don't know the language.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, a translation can usually be seen as a collection of simple
words. However, at its core lies a complex process that is difficult for the student to
understand at first glance. In addition, the translator needs to work more on himself,
repeatedly analyze and study the finer points of the word.
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