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Clause Phrase of Reason

This document provides information about adverbial clauses of concession and phrases of concession in English grammar. It defines various conjunctions and phrases used to indicate concession, including although, though, even though, despite, in spite of, however. It also discusses clauses and phrases of reason or cause using conjunctions like because, since, as, for, because of, due to. Several examples and exercises are provided to illustrate the use of these structures.

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kieu anh nguyen
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246 views3 pages

Clause Phrase of Reason

This document provides information about adverbial clauses of concession and phrases of concession in English grammar. It defines various conjunctions and phrases used to indicate concession, including although, though, even though, despite, in spite of, however. It also discusses clauses and phrases of reason or cause using conjunctions like because, since, as, for, because of, due to. Several examples and exercises are provided to illustrate the use of these structures.

Uploaded by

kieu anh nguyen
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF CONCESSION / PHRASES OF CONCESSION

* Adverbial Clauses of concession: Mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ bắt đầu bằng: although, though,
even though, even if, however, whatever, despite, in spite of
- Although
Though + clause
Even though
Even if

- In spite of the fact that + clause

- However + Adj/adv + S + V, Main clause


(dù đền đâu, dù thế nào)

- However / Nevertheless / on the other hand / on the contrary + clause (Tuy nhiên)

- Adj/Adv + As + (S) + V, Main clause (Tuy)

- No matter + interrogative word + S + V, Main clause


(who, what/what + noun, how/ how + adj/adv, when, where, why)

- Whatever (bất luận, dù thế nào) = no matter what +


(noun) + S+ V, Main clause

*Phrases of concession:
- Despite
In spite of +
N/ NP/ Gerund

* Clauses of reason / cause: Mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ lý do bắt đầu bằng: because, since, as, for, because of,
due to, on account of
- Because
Since
As
For + clause
Seeing that
Now that

*Phrases of reason / cause:


- Because of
Due to + N / NP / Gerund
On account of

* Case 1:
Because + S(pron) + Be + Adj

Because of + Possessive + N
determiner
(my, his, her…)
* Case 2:
Because + S(noun) + Be + Adj

Because of + Adj + N

* Case 3:
Because + S + V + Adv

Because of + Possessive + Adj + N


determiner
(my, his, her…)

* Case 4:
Because + S1 + V1 …, S2 + V2 …
(S1= S2)

Because of + V-ing …, S2 + V2 …

* Case 5:
Because + S1 + V1 …, S2 + V2 …
(S1 # S2)

Because of + Possessive form + V-ing…, S2 + V2 …


* Case 6:
Because + S1 + V1 …

Because of + N + of + N
* Case 7:
Because + There + Be + Adj/N

Because of + N/ Adj-ness

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with because (of), although, in spite of


1. Hefty died ……………she had a stroke
2. ……………she was rich, she didn’t own a house
3. She could not sleep ……………the noise
4. The workers went on strike ……………the working conditions were bad
5. James never says a hard word to Ruth ……………his love for her
6. ……………her wealth, she is not happy
Exercise2: Combine the sentences, using the conjunctions in brackets
1. He is very rich, but he isn’t happy (though)
2. You do any job. You should do it devotedly (no matter)
3. He often tell lies, but many people still believe him ( although)
4. Anything happens. She always keep calm ( whatever)
5. His life was hard but he was determined to study well (as)
6. She was wise and experienced, but she was taken in (however)
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, using the conjunctions in parentheses in place of
although/though/no matter
7. Although it got dark, they continued with their work (as)
8. Although the weather was bad, we set off on our trip ( however)
9. Although he is powerful, he won’t avoid dying some day ( no matter)
10. Though our country has had certain kinds of economic difficulty, we have been able to increase
our exports every year (whatever)
Exercise 4: Rewrite the sentences, replacing the clauses of concession or reason by phrases
11. Although many people know the harm of smoking, they can’t give it up
12. He was not successful though he tried his best
13. However bad the weather was, we decided to set off on our trip
14. Although it got dark, they kept on working
15. She was angry because he behaved badly
16. Because of my teacher’s clear explanation, I understood this mathematical problem very well
17. Their project hasn’t been finished because of the lack of money
18. He caused a serious accident because of driving so fast
19. Because of the development of medical science, people can live longer
20. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough
Exercise 5: Choose the best answer
21. Our meeting started half an hour late ……… an earthquake
A. since B. on account C. because of D. for
22. Although the traffic was bad, I managed to arrive on time
A. Despite of the traffic, I managed to arrive on time
B. In spite the traffic, I managed to arrive on time
C. In spite of the traffic, I managed to arrive on time
D. In spite of the traffic, I manage to arrive on time
23. ….. his old age, Mr Brown goes jogging every day
A. In spite B. Although C. However D. Despite
24. She applied for the job as a personal manager ….. she liked meeting people
A. in spite of B. because C. although D. because of
25. ……... they thought the exams had been easy, they all failed
A. Although B. Even though C. though D. All are correct
26. …… the excellent service, they didn’t leave a tip to waiters
A. Despite B. because of C. Although D. because
27. He didn’t get a job …… everyone thought he was the best man for it
A. and B. because C. even though D. since
28. ….. cars cause pollution, people still want them
A. In spite B. Despite C. While D. although
29. It was cold and wet. ….., David put on his swimming suit and went to the beach
A. Therefore B. Despite C. Although D. Nevertheless
30. I got to class on time ……. I had missed my bus
A. even though B. nevertheless C. because D. despite

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