2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

AUTOMATIC ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING

BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION AND
2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N) | 978-1-6654-7436-8/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICAC3N56670.2022.10074099

VARYING QR CODE
Aishwarya Varadannanavar Anisha Nair Amit Kumar
Dept of Computer Science Dept of Computer Science Dept of Computer Science
BMS College of Engineering BMS College of Engineering BMS College of Engineering
(affiliated to VTU) (affiliated to VTU) (affiliated to VTU)
Bangalore, India Bangalore, India Bangalore, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Ms Panimozhi K Ms Antara Roy Choudhury

Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Dept of Computer Science Dept of Computer Science
BMS College of Engineering BMS College of Engineering
Bangalore, India Bangalore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract— In educational institutions, the performance of issues. The system we have proposed consists of the combined
the student is directly related to the attendance percentage effect of QR code and biometric authentication.
of the student, which is also the factor that will decide the
eligibility of a student to write the exams of that particular II. RELATED WORK
course. Moreover, recording student attendance manually In this section, we review the already existing
by teacher intervention is a taxing and time-consuming systems for tracking and recording student attendance.
process if the strength of the class is high
To avoid this, we have implemented an automatic In the RFID based attendance system, an RC522 card
attendance taking system which involves QR codes which reader and RFID tag is used. The students/employees should
are scanned by the student to give their attendance. keep their RFID card/tag above the reader and their attendance
Biometric authentication and time limited QR codes have is given for the particular day. [1][2]
been seen as a possible way to avoid fake attendance in a
quick and easy manner.
Keywords— QR generation, Biometric authentication, The next system, which was proposed by Yazid and
Firestore database. team, was an authentication algorithm which had multiple
factors consisting of GPS, QR Code and facial recognition for
I. INTRODUCTION recording user attendance. The proposal was made mainly to
It is an established fact that for the successful and efficient prevent attendance by proxy and make the entire process more
functioning of a classroom, time management is key. In an secure and efficient. [3] A similar system was also
everyday scenario, a minimum of 5 minutes is spent in taking implemented by Lia Kamelia and team, which combined
attendance manually for all the students in the class. fingerprint module and GPS, the latter which was used to send
Also, if the strength is a large number, the formerly location to the user smartphone[4][5]. An application installed
mentioned task can get quite laborious. Adding to that is the on the teacher’s mobile, enables it to query students’ mobile
chore of calculating each student’s total attendance, using Bluetooth connection which transfers the Media Access
percentage and whether they have a shortage or not. The Control (MAC) addresses of the students to the teacher’s
traditional process of taking attendance can also lead to phone and attendance can be recorded. [6] [7]
personal errors by the faculty. Therefore, automating the
system by integrating it with technology makes it efficient and The next proposal made by Vasutan Tunbunheng
effective while simultaneously solving the aforementioned from PIM in Thailand, implemented speech recognition and

ISBN: 978-1-6654-7436-8/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 2425

Authorized licensed use limited to: Keerthika Peravali. Downloaded on May 25,2023 at 14:15:50 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

Google Forms Sheets. The system was implemented using In comparison to the RFID system, this system
student code to record late students by verifying if their doesn’t require hardware components and is much quicker.
student code was present in the Google Sheet using speech Our system also doesn’t use GPS which is sometimes
recognition [8]. A few systems [9] [10] are proposed to verify inaccurate when a mobile is inside a building. Our system is
the employee using smartphones, with fingerprint and voice comparatively simpler and easy to use and gets the whole
recognition for verification. This research, shows that process done in about a minute.
fingerprint verification has a false positive 95% and the false
negative of voice recognition is 5.88%. Wireless fingerprint
attendance system[11] based on ZigBee technology includes a III. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
terminal fingerprint acquisition module and attendance The website part of our project is created with EJS,
management module through computer. CSS, JavaScript and node JS server was used and is connected
to the firestore database. The mobile app is created with react
Paper [12] scans the QR code using mobile phone native and expo CLI was used and is also connected to the
which acts as user ID and uses fingerprint or voice recognition same firestore database.
for user verification. The proposed system in [13] aims to take
the attendance wherein the student scans the assigned QR code
by any QR scanning application which gives immediate access
to the google form with their information automatically
entered in the google form. The system, formulated by [14]
records student attendance using a QR code [15], uniquely
assigned to each student and professor. Students and
professors scan their unique code at the end of the class. This
is done using QR reading cameras installed in the classrooms.
This will ensure the attendance is recorded and other
necessary data is stored. This system presented by Fadi
Masalha and Nael Hirzallah [16] recorded the attendance
when the students scan the QR code, which was generated for
the particular class.

The system formulated in [17] consisted of using a

CCTV camera to monitor presence and absence of students in Fig No: 1 Representation of attendance taking in classroom
class and automatically marking their attendance. Another
paper [18] describes a methodology where video clips of the In this section, we detail the exact phases in the working of the
classroom are captured and stored in a database, and these automatic attendance system.
clips are converted to frames/images, after which a face As coherently explained in the previous section, the system
detection algorithm is run. Convenient and data reliant consists of two applications depending on the user:
Automatic attendance management system [19] is developed A. Web application
to make a portable device for managing the students'
The website for the automatic attendance system has
attendance using Face Recognition technology. A web
been developed specifically for teachers and admins (the
application for attendance system [20] that uses face
developers of the system).
recognition. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used for
For conducting and recording the attendance, the
face detection in the image captured, for facial embedding
teacher first has to register on the website, giving the
deep metric learning is used and K-NN to classify student's
necessary credentials such as USN, name, university email
faces.
address and a password. On entering these details, teacher
information will be stored securely in the firebase cloud (with
Our proposed system uses biometric data stored on
the password encrypted).
the student’s individual mobile. Kaspersky agrees that
biometrics like the iPhone's Face ID and Android’s
Fingerprint and FaceID are safer than storing it with a service
provider, even if the data has been under encryption.
Ineffectively secured and stored can be stolen easily by
hackers who may breach the system. Then the refreshing QR
code ensures that the students who are not physically present
in the class cannot give the attendance by scanning the QR
code forwarded by those who are physically present in the
classroom.

2426

Authorized licensed use limited to: Keerthika Peravali. Downloaded on May 25,2023 at 14:15:50 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

B. Mobile application
The mobile application for the attendance system has
been developed to be used by the students. After installing the
app, the students need to create an account on their phones
using the university email address and a password. Also, to
ensure that only one account has been registered on one
phone, this process has to be done with the admin key, which
is accessible only to the admins. This is only a one-time
process, once the student has created an account and logged
in, they will remain logged in until the user wishes to sign out
for any reason. Again, to do this they need the admin key. This
ensures that multiple accounts cannot be used at the same
time, keeping it more secure.
Fig No: 2 Website Login Page
After registration, the teacher’s specific timetable has
to be entered and stored in the database. This task is
undertaken by the admins, through the website itself. The
admin portal is only accessible to the admins, using a key and
a password.

Fig No: 3 Admin Page

Once all the necessary data has been added, the Fig No: 5 Application Login and Sign Out Page
teacher simply has to login every time they want to take
attendance. On logging in, it will be redirected to a teacher To give attendance for the current class, students
portal displaying all the classes the teacher is responsible for. have to scan the QR code generated by the teacher from the
Based on the timestamp of logging in, current class will be website, for that specific class. To open the QR scanner,
displayed, along with the button to generate QR code. students have to give their biometrics (fingerprint for android
and Face ID for iOS) stored on their phone. Only after the
biometrics have been authenticated, then only will the QR
scanner open. Once the student scans the QR code, the socket
io make connection with the server and it verifies user and
their attendance will be marked in the Cloud Firestore
database, in the respective collection and document. Before
scanning QR code, expo CLI makes certain that the attendance
has not already been marked in the cloud, preventing users
from giving attendance a second time.

Fig No: 4 Teacher Home Page

2427

Authorized licensed use limited to: Keerthika Peravali. Downloaded on May 25,2023 at 14:15:50 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

Fig No: 7 QR scanning through App

Fig No: 6 Application Screens
Professors can also view the attendance for each class
Most importantly, to certify that students do not they take, which is displayed on the teacher portal on the
forward the QR code to their classmates who are not website.
physically present in the class, the barcode refreshes every
fifteen seconds, rendering a new one, making the previous C. Pseudocode
code invalid. Every QR code generated is stored in the cloud
as a document, with a field named “valid”, with the value as 1 a) The teacher generates the QR code for the particular
or 0. Once a new QR code is rendered, the previous one class being taken using the website, this is done by the website
becomes invalid, i.e. “valid” field updates to 0. While giving generating a random key and displaying the QR code
attendance, expo checks if the QR code is valid or not before embedded with the generated key. This is also stored in the
marking the student. Once the teacher closes the window and firestore database.
the attendance of all the students has been marked, the QR b) The student has to scan the QR code before the
keys are deleted from the cloud. teacher stops displaying the QR code.

2428

Authorized licensed use limited to: Keerthika Peravali. Downloaded on May 25,2023 at 14:15:50 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2022 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N)

c) Once the teachers stop the display, the QR code [6] Bhalla, Vishal, et al. "Bluetooth based attendance management system."
International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology (IJIET)
becomes invalid and attendance can’t be given using the 3.1 (2013): 227-233.
generated QR codes anymore. Moreover, the QR code
refreshes every fifteen seconds after which the QR codes [7] M. M. Islam, M. K. Hasan, M. M. Billah and M. M. Uddin,
become invalid. "Development of smartphone-based student attendance system," 2017 IEEE
Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC), 2017, pp. 230-
d) Once the student scans a QR code, this key is used to 233, doi: 10.1109/R10-HTC.2017.8288945.
check if the QR code is a valid one existing in our database or
not. If valid, that means attendance can be given. [8] Vasutan Tunbunheng “Automatic Attendance System for late students
using speech recognition corresponding with google forms and sheets 2017
e) The key has the details of the teacher taking the class, 10th International Conference on Ubi-media Computing and Workshops (Ubi-
timings and subject details. Media). IEEE, 2017.
f) The students’ authentication details are used to map
[9] B. Soewito, F. L. Gaol, E. Simanjuntak and F. E. Gunawan, "Smart
the email ID in the register to the respective USN and the mobile attendance system using voice recognition and fingerprint on
teacher’s attendance sheet is populated with the students’ smartphone," 2016 International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its
USNs, hence giving the attendance for that particular class Applications (ISITIA), 2016, pp. 175-180, doi:
conducted. 10.1109/ISITIA.2016.7828654.

g) The attendance details stored in the database can now [10] Q. Shafi, J. Khan, N. Munir and N. K. Baloch, "Fingerprint verification
be retrieved by the teachers whenever required. over the network and its application in attendance management," 2010
International Conference on Electronics and Information Engineering, 2010,
pp. V2-555-V2-559, doi: 10.1109/ICEIE.2010.5559744.

[11] Vivek, L. Rajasekar1 S. "Wireless fingerprint attendance system using

IV. CONCLUSION ZigBee technology." International Journal of Power Control Signal and
Computation (IJPCSC) Vol3. No1 (2012).
Nowadays educational institutions have been finding methods
to incorporate new technologies for improving the quality of [12] Kumar, B. Dinesh, and S. Kareemulla. "Smart Mobile Attendance
education. As everything is moving towards digitization, this System for Employees Using QR Scanner." Asian Journal of Applied Science
system will replace the traditional method. In this paper we and Technology (AJAST) 1.5 (2017): 35-39.
have proposed a system that integrates QR code and biometric [13] Wei, Xiong, et al. "QR Code Based Smart Attendance
authentication. This research reveals that the QR code can be System." International Journal of Smart Business and Technology 5.1 (2017):
used as an effective method of recording attendance replacing 1-10.
the manual process.
[14] Nuhi, Asri, et al. "Smart attendance system using qr code." 2020 9th
Making use of the QR scanners, which are a popular Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2020.
feature of smartphones, the whole system is simple and
affordable. This completely eliminates fake attendance of the [15] Khang Jie Liew, Tee Hean Tan, et al. “QR Code-Based Student
students who are not attending the class. Attendance System.” 2021 2nd Asia Conference on Computers and
Communications (ACCC). IEEE, 2021

[16] Masalha, Fadi, and Nael Hirzallah. "A students attendance system using
References QR code." International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and
Applications 5.3 (2014): 75-79.
[1] Koppikar, Unnati, et al. "IoT based smart attendance monitoring system
[17] Muthunagai. R, Muruganandhan. D , et al. “Classroom Attendance
using RFID." 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Information
Monitoring Using CCTV.” 2020 International Conference on System,
Technology (ICAIT). IEEE, 2019.
Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN). IEEE, 2020.
[2] Soumil Nitin Shah and Abdelshakour Abuzneid. “IoT Based Smart
[18] Ahmedi, Aziza, and Suvarna Nandyal. "An automatic attendance system
Attendance System (SAS) Using RFID” 2019 IEEE Long Island Systems,
using image processing." The International Journal Of Engineering And
Applications and Technology Conference (LISAT). IEEE, 2019.
Science (IJES) 4.11 (2015): 1-8.
[3] Yazid, Asim Balarabe, et al. "Four-factors authentication algorithm for
[19] S. Bhattacharya, G. S. Nainala, P. Das and A. Routray, "Smart
preventing fake attendance." 2019 15th International Conference on
Attendance Monitoring System (SAMS): A Face Recognition Based
Electronics, Computer and Computation (ICECCO). IEEE, 2019.
Attendance System for Classroom Environment," 2018 IEEE 18th
International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), 2018,
[4] Lia Kamelia, Eki Ahmad Dzaki Hamidi, et al. “Real-Time Online
pp. 358-360, doi: 10.1109/ICALT.2018.00090.
Attendance System Based on Fingerprint and GPS in the Smartphone.” 2018
4th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics (ICWT). IEEE,
[20] Sutabri, Tata, Ade Kurniawan Pamungkur, and Raymond Erz Saragih.
2018.
"Automatic attendance system for university student using face recognition
based on deep learning." International Journal of Machine Learning and
[5] L. Kamelia, E. A. D. Hamidi, W. Darmalaksana and A. Nugraha, "Real-
Computing 9.5 (2019): 668-674.
Time Online Attendance System Based on Fingerprint and GPS in the
Smartphone," 2018 4th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics
(ICWT), 2018, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ICWT.2018.8527837.

2429

Authorized licensed use limited to: Keerthika Peravali. Downloaded on May 25,2023 at 14:15:50 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.