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Lab Experiment

This lab experiment demonstrates double sideband amplitude modulation (DSB-AM) generation using a DSB/SSB transmitter trainer board. The experiment involves: 1) Generating a DSB signal by multiplying a message signal with a carrier signal using a balance modulator circuit. 2) Demodulating the DSB signal by multiplying it with the original carrier signal and passing it through a low-pass filter to recover the original message signal. 3) Taking oscilloscope plots at different stages to observe the DSB signal generation and demodulation processes. The plots are then verified by the teaching assistant.

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Rashid Khurshid
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48 views14 pages

Lab Experiment

This lab experiment demonstrates double sideband amplitude modulation (DSB-AM) generation using a DSB/SSB transmitter trainer board. The experiment involves: 1) Generating a DSB signal by multiplying a message signal with a carrier signal using a balance modulator circuit. 2) Demodulating the DSB signal by multiplying it with the original carrier signal and passing it through a low-pass filter to recover the original message signal. 3) Taking oscilloscope plots at different stages to observe the DSB signal generation and demodulation processes. The plots are then verified by the teaching assistant.

Uploaded by

Rashid Khurshid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Experiment number 01

Introduction to MATLAB commands

What Is MATLAB?
MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates
computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where
problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. Typical
uses include:

The MATLAB System


The MATLAB system consists of five main parts:

The MATLAB language.

This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements, functions,


data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programming features. It allows
both "programming in the small" to rapidly create quick and dirty throw-away
programs, and "programming in the large" to create complete large and complex
application programs.

The MATLAB working environment.

This is the set of tools and facilities that you work with as the MATLAB user or
programmer. It includes facilities for managing the variables in your workspace
and importing and exporting data.

Handle Graphics.

This is the MATLAB graphics system. It includes high-level commands for two-
dimensional and three-dimensional data visualization, image processing,
animation, and presentation graphics.

The MATLAB mathematical function library.

This is a vast collection of computational algorithms ranging from elementary


functions like sum, sine, cosine, and complex arithmetic, to more sophisticated
functions like matrix inverse, and fast Fourier transforms.

The MATLAB Application Program Interface (API).

This is a library that allows you to write C and Fortran programs that interact with
MATLAB. It include facilities for calling routines from MATLAB (dynamic
linking), calling MATLAB as a computational engine, and for reading and writing
MAT-files.

Exercise 01

F(t) =e-t .cos(2 πt )

a) Make an inline function of f(t)


b) Find f(0) and f(1)
c) Find f(t) at t=2,-1,0,1,2

Solution

a)
c)

Exercise 02

Plot a cosine waveform

A(*t)=Acos(2 π ft)

Where A=2.5,f=1,φ =0;

Solution
Waveform
Exercise 03

Plot a cosine waveform

A(t)=Asin(2 π ft+φ)

Where A = 3.5,f=2, ,φ=0;


Solution

waveform
Lab Experiment number 02
Fourier series

Objective :
To understand Fourier series representation of periodic signals.

Theory:
Procedure:

 First, I opened the software MATLAB.


 Then, I opened the new script in the MATLAB.
 Then, I write the code in the new script.
 Run the code and I observed the waveform for the Fourier series.

MATLAB Result:


Lab Experiment number 03
Fourier transform

The generalization of the complex Fourier series is known as the Fourier transform. The term
“Fourier transform” can be used in the mathematical function, and it is also used in the
representation of the frequency domain. The Fourier transform helps to extend the Fourier series
to the non-periodic functions, which helps us to view any functions in terms of the sum of simple
sinusoids

Fourier Transform Formula

Discrete Fourier Transform

Discrete Time Fourier Transform

The discrete time Fourier transform is a mathematical tool which is used to convert a
discrete time sequence into the frequency domain. Therefore, the Fourier transform
of a discrete time signal or sequence is called the discrete time Fourier
transform (DTFT).
Mathematically, if x(n)x(n) is a discrete time sequence, then the discrete time
Fourier transform of the sequence is defined as 
MATLAB

FUNCTION
OUTPUT

MB
Lab Experiment number 04
Double side band

Objective:

To perform double side band AM generation

Apparatus:

 Oscilloscope
 Connecting wire
 DSB/SSB AM transmitter st2201

Theory:
1 Introduction

In communication systems information is transmitted from one place to another using electrical
signals (telephone, TV and radio broadcast etc.). Usually the information bearing signals (message
signals) are not suitable for transmission due to its propagation qualities (a large wavelength). Also,
since these signals generally exist in the same frequency range it is necessary to transmit them using
different frequency allocations to avoid interference. One of the methods used to solve these
problems is linear modulation, which is merely the frequency translation of the spectrum of the
information (or message) signal to a usually much higher frequency. The translated spectrum can be
modified before transmission in different forms resulting in different linear modulation schemes.
Specifically, there are four linear modulation methods: double-sideband (DSB) (also known as
double-sideband .

Dsb signal generation


DSB-SC is generated by a mixer. This consists of a message signal multiplied by a carrier signal.

1.1 Demodulation of DSB signals


For Demodulation is done by multiplying the DSB-SC signal with the carrier signal (with the
same phase as in the modulation process) just like the modulation process. This resultant
signal is then passed through a low pass filter to produce a scaled version of the original
message signal

Lab procedure GENERAL INSTRUCTION:

1 • Load the virtual instrument TIMEFREQ.VI by double-clicking the shortcut located in the
computer desktop.

2 • To avoid damage to the integrated circuits, keep the power supply off during the assembling
of the circuits.

3 • After taking each plot make sure to ask your TA to verify that your results are correct. This also
serves to monitor your progress and performance. Your TA have the correct plots from actual
circuits so you can compare yours.

4 Turn on power to the DSB/SSB transmitter trainer board.

5 Turn the balance pot ,in the balance modulator & band pass filter circuit I block, to its fully
clockwise position.it us this block that we will use to perform double-side band amplitude
modulation

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