Minor Project Report On: "Economies of Ipl"

Minor Project Report
On
“ECONOMIES OF IPL”
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the
Award of the Degree of BBA 2021-2024
Under the Guidance of: Submitted By:

Dr Bharti Chaudhary Harshit Goel
Associate Professor 08714701721
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies

(A unit of Maharaja Agrasen Technical Education Society)
Affiliated to GGSIP University; Recognized u/s 2(f) of UGC
Recognized by Bar Council of India; ISO 9001 : 2015 Certified Institution
Maharaja Agrasen Chowk, Sector 22, Rohini, Delhi-110086
CERTIFICATE FROM THE
INSTITUTE GUIDE
This is to certify that the minor project titled Economies of IPL is an academic work done by Harshit Goel
submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of BBA at Maharaja
Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi, under my guidance & direction.
To the best of my knowledge and belief the data & information presented by him/her in the project has not
been submitted earlier.
Signature:
Name of the Guide: Dr Bharti Chaudhary
Designation: Associate Professor

STUDENT DECLARATION
This is to certify that I have completed the Minor Project report titled Economies of IPL under the guidance
of Dr Bharti Chaudhary in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Degree of BBA at Maharaja
Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi. This is an original piece of work & I have not submitted it
earlier elsewhere.
Date: 10th June 2023 Signature:
Place: Name: Harshit Goel
Enrolment number: 08714701721

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Project work is never the accomplishment of an individual rather it is an amalgamation of the efforts, ideas
and co-operation of a number of entities.
I would like to thank GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY for giving
an opportunity to work on a valuable project.
The completion of the project study that follows, seemed to be a distant goal had it not been for the
contribution of Dr. Bharti Chaudhary for allowing me to work on a very intrinsic part on Economies of IPL.
I thank her for the ideas and basic concepts she delivered and shared with me, as they helped me a lot in
accomplishing this project of mine.
Harshit Goel
4th Semester, BBA

PREFACE
The primary focus of this project will be to analyse and understand the key drivers of the IPL's
economic growth. We will explore the revenue streams that fuel the tournament, such as
broadcasting rights, sponsorship deals, ticket sales, merchandise, and licensing agreements.
Furthermore, we will examine the strategies employed by franchises to monetize their teams
and the impact of player auctions and contracts on the financial dynamics of the league.
In addition to the financial aspects, we will also delve into the socioeconomic implications of
the IPL. We will investigate the league's contribution to the Indian economy, including its role
in promoting tourism, creating employment opportunities, and fostering infrastructure
development. Furthermore, we will explore the IPL's influence on the growth of cricket as a
sport and its impact on the overall sporting culture in India.
To provide a comprehensive understanding of the economies of the IPL, we will utilize a

range of research methodologies, including data analysis, case studies, interviews, and
literature reviews. We will draw upon a diverse set of sources, including academic research,
industry reports, news articles, and expert opinions, to present a well-rounded analysis of the
subject matter.
It is our hope that this project will contribute to the existing body of knowledge surrounding
the economics of sports and provide valuable insights into the functioning and impact of the
IPL. By shedding light on the economic mechanisms behind the IPL's success, we aim to
facilitate informed discussions and foster a deeper understanding of the interplay between
sports, economics, and society.
We extend our gratitude to all the individuals and organizations who have provided their
support and expertise throughout this project. Their contributions have been invaluable in
shaping the content and ensuring its accuracy.
SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction to The Industry
Chapter 2 Introduction to the topic
Chapter 3 Research Methodology

 Meaning of Research
 Objectives of the study
 Scope of the study
 Research Design & Types of Research Design (Exploratory or Descriptive)
 Sample size, Sampling technique
 Data Collection/Data Sources
o Primary Source: Questionnaire, Interview
o Secondary Source: Ex: Financial Reports, magazines,
newspapers, annual report of the company, internet etc.
Chapter 4 Data Analysis & Interpretation
Chapter 5 Findings & Observations
Chapter 6 Suggestions & Conclusion
References & Bibliography (Articles & Research Papers)
Annexure – Questionnaire
6
CHAPTER 1
“INTRODUCTION TO THE CRICKET”
BEAUTY OF CRICKET
CRICKET
7
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at
the centre of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each
comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking
the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets,
while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from
leaving the field and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are
"out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and
dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat,
but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the
crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and
the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire
and match referee in international matches. They communicate with two off-field scorers
who record the match's statistical information.
Forms of cricket range from Twenty20, with each team batting for a single innings of 20
overs (each "over" being a set of 6 fair opportunities for the batting team to score) and the
game generally lasting three hours, to Test matches played over five days. Traditionally
cricketers play in all-white kit, but in limited overs cricket they wear club or team colours.
In addition to the basic kit, some players wear protective gear to prevent injury caused by
the ball, which is a hard, solid spheroid made of compressed leather with a slightly raised
sewn seam enclosing a cork core layered with tightly wound string.
The earliest reference to cricket is in Southeast England in the mid-16th century. It spread
globally with the expansion of the British Empire, with the first international matches in
the second half of the 19th century. The game's governing body is the International
Cricket Council (ICC), which has over 100 members, twelve of which are full members
who play Test matches. The game's rules, the Laws of Cricket, are maintained by
Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in London. The sport is followed primarily in South
Asia, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Southern Africa and the West Indies.
[1]
Women's cricket, which is organised and played separately, has also achieved
international standard. The most successful side playing international cricket is Australia,
8
which has won seven One Day International trophies, including five World Cups, more
than any other country and has been the top-rated Test side more than any other country.
HISTORY OF CRICKET
There is a consensus of expert opinion that cricket may have been invented during Saxon or
Norman times by children living in the Weald, an area of dense woodlands and clearings in
south-east England. The first reference to cricket being played as an adult sport was in 1611,
and in the same year, a dictionary defined cricket as a boys' game. There is also the thought
that cricket may have derived from bowls, by the intervention of a batsman trying to stop the
ball from reaching its target by hitting it away.
Village cricket had developed by the middle of the 17th century and the first English “county
teams” were formed in the second half of the century, as “local experts” from village cricket
were employed as the earliest professionals. The first known game in which the teams use
county names is in 1709.
In the first half of the

18th Century cricket
established itself as a
leading sport in London
and the south-eastern
counties of England. Its
spread was limited by the
constraints of travel, but
it was slowly gaining popularity in other parts of England and Women’s Cricket dates back
to the 1745, when the first known match was played in Surrey.
In 1744, the first Laws of Cricket were written and subsequently amended in 1774, when
innovations such as lbw, a 3rd stump, - the middle stump and a maximum bat width were
added. The codes were drawn up by the “Star and Garter Club” whose members ultimately
9
founded the famous Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1787. MCC immediately became
the custodian of the Laws and has made revisions ever since then to the current day.
Rolling the ball along the ground was superseded sometime after 1760 when bowlers began
to pitch the ball and in response to that innovation the straight bat replaced the old “hockey-
stick” style of bat. The Hambledon Club in Hampshire was the focal point of the game for
about thirty years until the formation of MCC and the opening of Lord's Cricket Ground in
1787.
Cricket was introduced to North America via the English colonies as early as the 17th
century, and in the 18th century it arrived in other parts of the globe. It was introduced to the
West Indies by colonists and to India by British East India Company mariners. It arrived in
Australia almost as soon as colonisation began in 1788 and the sport reached New Zealand
and South Africa in the early years of the 19th century.
RISE OF INTERNATIONAL CRICKET

When the Imperial Cricket Conference (as the ICC was originally called) was founded in
1909, only England, Australia and South Africa were members. However, the West Indies
(1928), New Zealand (1930) and India (1932) became Test nations before the Second World
War and Pakistan (1952) soon afterwards. Cricket soared in popularity in these countries
with the advent of Test Cricket and domestic competitions gradually became more
formalized with the West Indies formulating an island-based First-Class competition, New
Zealand continuing their Plunkett Shield that has origins back to 1906, India introducing the
Ranji trophy in 1934 and Pakistan founding the Quaid-e-Azam trophy in 1953.
Women’s cricket also took its first significant international steps at the start of the 20th
century and the first ever Test Match was played between England and Australia in 1934.
The founding of the International Women’s Cricket Council in 1958 (since merged with ICC
in 2005), further developed the Women’s game and it was in 1973 that the first Cricket
10
World Cup of any kind took place. The Women’s World Cup was hosted by England who
went on to claim the inaugural cup with captain Rachel Heyhoe-Flint leading the way.
After a postwar boom, slow play and lower numbers of runs characterized the 1950s, and this
defensive nature of county cricket led to progressively decreased attendance. In response, in
1963 English county teams began playing a version of cricket with games of only one
innings each and a maximum number of overs per innings. Limited-overs cricket grew in
popularity and, in 1969 a national league was created which consequently caused a reduction
in the number of matches in the County Championship
In 1970 South Africa were suspended indefinitely from international cricket competition due
to apartheid and so - starved of top-level competition, the South African Cricket Board began
funding so-called “rebel tours” for international players to form teams and tour South Africa.
The rebel tours continued into the 1980s but when it became clear that apartheid was ending
South Africa was welcomed back into international sport in 1991. South Africa played in the
1992 World Cup and then soon after played their ‘return’ Test Match against the West Indies
in Barbados in April.
The first limited-over international match

took place at Melbourne Cricket Ground in
11
1971 as a time-filler after a Test match had been abandoned because of heavy rain on the
opening days. The International Cricket Conference (as it was then) reacted to this
development by organising the first Men’s Cricket World Cup in England in 1975, with all
the Test-playing nations of the time taking part and West Indies triumphing at Lord’s in the
final.
In 1977 Kerry Packer signed several of the best players in the world to a privately run cricket
league outside the structure of international cricket. World Series Cricket hired some of the
banned South African players and allowed them to show off their skills in an international
arena against other world-class players. This only lasted two years, but the longer term
results of World Series Cricket have included the introduction of significantly higher player
salaries and innovations such as coloured kit and night games. It wasn’t long before many of
these innovations crossed over to international cricket.
Such was the success of the inaugural World Cup, it was decided that it would become a
regular part of the calendar with further Cricket World Cups were held in England in 1979
and 1983 before the tournament moved to India and Pakistan in 1987, which was the last
event to be played using a red ball with white clothing. 1992 dawned a new era of World Cup
Cricket with floodlights, coloured clothing and a white ball being utilised.
In 1992, the use of a third umpire to adjudicate run-out appeals with television replays was
introduced for the first time in the Test series between South Africa and India. The third
umpire's duties have subsequently expanded to include decisions on other aspects of play
such as stumpings, catches and boundaries.
The international game continued to grow with several ICC Associate and Affiliate Members
becoming involved in expanding domestic competitions and then on the international scene.
And in the closing years of the 20th century, three of those countries also became Test
nations: Sri Lanka (1982), Zimbabwe (1992) and Bangladesh (2000).
INTERNATIONAL CRICKET COUNCIL(ICC)
12
The ICC is the global governing body for cricket. Representing 108 members, the ICC
governs and administrates the game and works with our members to grow the sport. The ICC
is also responsible for the staging of all ICC Events.
The ICC presides over the ICC Code of Conduct, playing conditions, the Decision Review
System and other ICC regulations. The ICC also appoints all match officials that officiate at
all sanctioned international matches. Through the Anti-Corruption Unit it coordinates action
against corruption and match fixing.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
13
CRICKET IN INDIA
Cricket has been the most popular sport in India, it is played almost everywhere in the
country and a prominent part of the country. The Board of Control for Cricket in India
(BCCI) is the governing body of Indian cricket and conduct all domestic tournaments and
select the players for India national cricket team and India women's national cricket team.
Domestic competitions in India annually organized by BCCI include the Ranji Trophy, the
Duleep Trophy, the Vijay Hazare Trophy, the Deodhar Trophy, the Irani Trophy and the
NKP Salve Challenger Trophy. The Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 tournament
where various city-based franchises compete in a style similar to American football, is one
of the biggest sporting leagues and the biggest cricketing league in the world. In 2023 it
launched a similar league for females, the Women's Premier League (WPL).
International cricket in India does not follow a consistent pattern, unlike other cricketing
teams such as England, who tour other countries during the winter and play at home
during the summer. The Indian cricket team is one of the most successful cricket teams in
the world, having won 2 ICC World Cups, 1 ICC World Twenty20, 2 ICC Champion's
Trophies and finished runners up in the inaugural edition of the ICC World Test
Championship. The 2021 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup was initially meant to be hosted by
India. However, after the escalation of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India, the tournament
was moved by the ICC to the United Arab Emirates. The 2023 Cricket World Cup will be
hosted by India.
Indian cricketers association is the country's retired cricketer's union. It is recognized by

BCCI, but the latter do not allow any active player to be part of it or any other players
union. BCCI keep ICA's representative in its and IPL's apex council.on
Cricket is an important part of Indian culture[5] and top players, like Sachin Tendulkar,
Sourav Ganguly, Virat Kohli, MS Dhoni and Rohit Sharma often attain celebrity status
and are some of the most influential figures in the country. Cricket is often portrayed
patriotically in popular Indian films, including the Academy Award-nominated film,
Lagaan, and 83, the 2021 sports drama film about India's Cricket World Cup victory in
1983. The Indian team shares a long-standing rivalry with the Pakistani team, and India-
14
Pakistan matches are some of the most anticipated matches in the world, and one of the
most watched television broadcasts in the world.
Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)
The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) is the national governing body of
Cricket in India. Its headquarters is situated at Cricket centre near Wankhede Stadium in
Mumbai. The BCCI is the wealthiest governing body of cricket in the world.
The BCCI was formed in December 1928[dubious – discuss] and is a consortium of state
cricket associations that select their own
representatives who elect the BCCI president. Grant
Govan was the first BCCI president and Anthony De
Mello was its first secretary.[18] As of February
2023, Roger Binny is the incumbent BCCI president
and Jay Shah is secretary.[19][20] The board joined
the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1926.[2] The BCCI is an autonomous, private
organisation that does not fall under the purview of the National Sports Federation of
India and the Government of India has minimal regulation on it. It does not receive any
grants or funds from the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. The BCCI is influential in
international cricket.[21][22][23] ICC share biggest part of its revenue with the BCCI and
its IPL is worlds' wealthiest league.[24]
The BCCI has hosted multiple ICC World Cups,[a] and will host the 2023 Cricket World
Cup, the 2026 ICC T20 World cup, the 2031 ICC ODI Cricket World Cup,[b] and the
2025 Women's Cricket World Cup.[26][c]
The BCCI manages four squads that represent India in international cricket; the men's
national cricket team, the women's national cricket team, the men's national under-19
cricket team and women's national under-19 cricket team. It also governs developmental
15
India A, India B and India A women's teams.[27] Its national selection committee, which
is led by chief national selector, selects players for these teams.[d] As part of its duties,
the BCCI organises and schedules matches to be played by each of these teams, and
schedules, sanctions and organises domestic cricket in India
INDIAN CRICKET TEAM (ICT)
The Indian cricket team is an international cricket team representing India. It is governed
by the Board of Control for Cricket in India, the cricket governing body in India. The
Indian Cricket Team is currently the highest paid sports team in the world based on
sponsorships.
Debuting as test cricket team at Lord's, England on 25 June 1932, the Indian cricket team
became the sixth Test playing team. For nearly fifty years, India was weaker than most of
the other Test cricket teams, such as Australia and England, winning only 35 of the 196
matches it played during this period. The team gained strength near the end of the 50-year
period with the emergence of players such as Sunil Gavaskar and Kapil Dev and the
Indian spin quartet. The Indian team has continued to be highly ranked since then in both
Test cricket and One-day Internationals. The team won the Cricket World Cup in 1983 and
was runners-up in 2003. The current team contains many of the world's leading players,
including Sachin Tendulkar, Rahul Dravid and Anil Kumble, who hold numerous
cricketing world records.. As of October 2006, the team is ranked fourth in the ICC Test
Championship and in a tie for fourth place in the ICC ODI Championship
In men's limited-overs cricket, India made its ODI and T20I debuts in 1974 and 2006,
respectively. The team has won five major ICC tournaments, winning the Cricket World
Cup twice (1983 and 2011), the ICC T20 World Cup once (2007) and the ICC Champions
Trophy twice (2002 and 2013) and have also finished as runners-up in the World Cup once
(2003), the T20 World Cup once (2014), and the Champions Trophy twice (2000 and
2017). The team were also runners-up in the inaugural 2019–2021 ICC World Test
Championship. It was the second team after the West Indies to win the World Cup and the
first team to win the World Cup on home soil after winning the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
They have also won the Asia Cup seven times, in 1984, 1988, 1990–91, 1995, 2010, 2016
16
and 2018, whilst finishing runners-up thrice (1997, 2004, 2008). The team also won the
1985 World Championship of Cricket, defeating Pakistan in the final. Other achievements
include winning the ICC Test Championship Mace five times and the ICC Men's ODI
Team Rankings Shield once.
As of May 2023, the team is ranked first in Tests, third in ODIs and first in T20Is by the
ICC.
17
CHAPTER 2
“INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) AND
ITS ECONOMIES”
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC
18
INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)
The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a men's Twenty20 (T20) cricket league that is
annually held in India and contested by ten city-based franchise teams.The BCCI founded
the league in 2007. The competition is usually held in summer between March and May
every year. It has an exclusive window in the ICC Future Tours Programme due to fewer
international cricket tours happening during IPL seasons worldwide
The IPL is the most-popular cricket league in the world; in 2014, it was ranked sixth by
average attendance among all sports leagues.[6] In 2010, the IPL became the first sporting
event to be broadcast live on YouTube.[7][8] The brand value of the IPL in 2022 was
₹90,038 crore (US$11 billion).[9] According to BCCI, the 2015 IPL season contributed
₹1,150 crore (US$140 million) to the GDP of the economy of India.[10] In December
2022, the IPL became a decacorn valued at US$10.9 billion, registering a 75% growth in
dollar terms since 2020 when it was valued at $6.2 billion, according to a report by
consulting firm D & P Advisory.[11] Its 2023 final was the most streamed live event on
internet with 3.2 Cr viewers.[12]
In 2023 the league sold its media rights for the period of 2023–2027 for $6.4 billion to
Viacom18 and Star Sports,[13] making the IPL's value per match $13.4 million.[14] As of
2023, there have been sixteen seasons of the tournament. The present title holders are
Chennai Super Kings, who won the IPL 2023 by defeating Gujarat Titans in the final at
the Narendra Modi Stadium in Ahemedabad.
History
Winners:
2008 Rajasthan Royals
2009 Deccan Chargers
2010 Chennai Super Kings
2011 Chennai Super Kings (2)
2012 Kolkata Knight Riders
2013 Mumbai Indians
2014 Kolkata Knight Riders (2)
19
2015 Mumbai Indians (2)
2016 Sunrisers Hyderabad
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
under CC BY 2021 Chennai Super Kings (4)
2022 Gujarat Titans
Background
The Indian Cricket League (ICL) was founded in 2007 with funding provided by Zee
Entertainment Enterprises. The ICL was not recognised by the Board of Control for
Cricket in India (BCCI) or the International Cricket Council (ICC), and the BCCI was not
pleased with its committee members joining the ICL executive board.To prevent players
from joining the ICL, the BCCI increased the prize money in its domestic tournaments and
imposed lifetime bans on players joining the ICL, which the BCCI considered a rebel
league.[17][18]
Foundation
On 13 September 2007,[19] following India's victory at the 2007 T20 World Cup,[20] the
BCCI announced a franchise-based Twenty20 cricket (T20) competition called Indian
Premier League. The first season was due to start in April 2008 in a "high-profile
ceremony" in New Delhi. BCCI vice-president Lalit Modi, who led the IPL effort, gave
details of the tournament, including its format, prize money, franchise revenue system,
and squad composition rules. It was also announced the IPL would be run by a seven-man
governing council composed of former India players and BCCI officials and that the two
top IPL teams would qualify for that year's Champions League Twenty20. Modi also said
20
the BCCI had been working on the idea for two years and that the IPL was not started as a
"knee-jerk reaction" to the ICL.[19] The league's format was similar to that of the English
Premier League and the National Basketball Association in the United States. According
to Modi: "The IPL has been designed to entice an entirely new generation of sports fans
into the grounds throughout the country. The dynamic Twenty20 format has been designed
to attract a young fan base, including women and children."
To choose team owners for the new league, an auction of franchises was held on 24
January 2008; the reserve prices of the franchises were around $400 million.[18] At the
end of the auction, the winning bidders and the cities in which the teams would be based:
Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata, Mohali, and Mumbai.[18] The
franchises were sold for a total of $723.59 million.[21] The ICL ended in 2008.[22]
Pakistani players have not been allowed to take part in the IPL following the 2008
Mumbai terrorist attacks due to Pakistan's involvement in the attacks, which angered many
Indians.[23][24][25][26][excessive citations]
Expansions and terminations
Crowd during a match of the 2023 IPL season in Kolkata, India.

On 21 March 2010, new franchises Pune Warriors India and Kochi Tuskers Kerala joined
the league before the fourth season in 2011. Sahara Adventure Sports Group bought the
Pune franchise for $370 million while Rendezvous Sports World bought the Kochi
franchise for $333.3 million. On 11 November 2011, Kochi Tuskers Kerala were
terminated when they failed to pay the BCCI the 10% bank guarantee element of the
franchise before the 2011 season began.
On 14 September 2012, after the 2009 champion team, the Deccan Chargers could not find
new owners, the BCCI announced the team would be terminated.[29] On 25 October, an
auction for the replacement franchise was held; Sun TV Network won the bid for the
Hyderabad franchise.[30] The team was named Sunrisers Hyderabad.[31]
Pune Warriors India withdrew from the IPL on 21 May 2013 over financial differences
21
with the BCCI.[32] The BCCI officially terminated the franchise on 26 October 2013
because the franchise failed to provide the necessary bank guarantee.[33]
On 14 June 2015, it was announced two-time champions Chennai Super Kings and the
inaugural season champions Rajasthan Royals would be suspended for two seasons
following their role in a spot-fixing and betting scandal.[34] On 8 December 2015,
following an auction, it was announced Pune and Rajkot would replace Chennai and
Rajasthan for two seasons.[35] The replacement teams were Rising Pune Supergiant and
Gujarat Lions.[36]
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the venue for the 2020 season was moved and games
were played in the United Arab Emirates.[37][38] In August 2021, the BCCI announced
two new franchises, which would be based in two of the six cities shortlisted by the BCCI
– Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Cuttack, Guwahati, Ranchi and Dharamshala – would join the
league starting from the 2022 season.[39][40] In closed bidding held on 25 October,
RPSG Group and CVC Capital won bids for the teams. RPSG paid ₹7,000 crore (US$880
million) for Lucknow and CVC won Ahmedabad for ₹5,200 crore (US$650 million).[41]
[42] The teams were subsequently named Lucknow Super Giants and Gujarat Titans.
Many IPL team owners have expanded their business by buying teams in various leagues
around the world, such as SA20 of South Africa, Caribbean Premier League (CPL). They
branded their teams with similar names to their IPL teams.[43]
Administration
The IPL headquarters is situated inside the Cricket Centre next to Wankhede Stadium in
Churchgate, Mumbai. The IPL Governing Council is responsible for the league's
functions, including tournament organization. Its members are:[44]
Arun Singh Dhumal – Chairman

Jay Shah – Secretary of the BCCI
Ashish Shelar – Treasurer, BCCI
Avishek Dalmiya
22
Pragyan Ojha – Indian Cricketers' Association's representative
Alka Rehani Bhardwaj – Comptroller and Auditor General of India nominee.
23
Rules
The IPL has many rules that vary from those of the International T20 cricket format and
other T20 leagues:
1. IPL games incorporate television timeouts. Each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute

"strategic timeout" during each inning; one must be taken by the bowling team between
the ends of the sixth and ninth overs. One must be taken by the batting team between the
ends of the thirteenth and sixteenth overs. To indicate the strategic timeout, the on-field
umpire will raise his hand in the air and tap his wrist. A penalty may be imposed if the
umpires find teams misusing this privilege.
2. Since the 2018 season, the Decision Review System (DRS) has been used in all IPL
matches, allowing each team two chances per innings to review an on-field umpire's
decision.[61] From the 2023 season, players can review wides and no-balls, which is not
the case in other men's cricket tournaments.
3. If the bowling team does not complete its overs in the allocated time, it may place only
four fielders outside of the fielding restrictions circle for the remainder of the innings,[62]
or the match referee may punish bowling team's captain after the game. In a season on
first offense captain will receive a 12 lakh rupee fine, on second offence 24 lakh rupee
fine additionally along with captain all team members including substitute that is Impact
player also will be fined with 6 lakh rupee or 25% of their match fees (whichever is
lesser), if at third time again the team bowled with slow over-rate in the same season, then
the captain will be suspended for next one match, also he will be penalized with 30 lakh
rupee fine and rest of the team will be penalized with 12 lakh each or 50% match fees
(whichever is lesser). These penalties will remain the same for subsequent offenses.
4. Teams can use a substitute, who is termed as an "impact player," from a list of up to
five players named as possible substitutes. The substitution can be made before the start of
innings, when a wicket falls, when a batter retires, or at the end of an over. This rule is
borrowed from Football and the NBA. Both teams can introduce a substitute once per
match. If a batsman gets out and the bowling team decides to make a substitution in the
24
middle of the over, the substitute bowler cannot bowl the remaining balls of that over. The
replaced player cannot participate in the match, even as a substitute fielder. Teams can
introduce an overseas player as a substitute if they have included fewer than four overseas
players in their playing eleven.[64][65] The onfield umpire indicates substitution is taken
to the audience by making 'X symbol' by his arms.
5. In a match, participating teams can declare their playing eleven to the match-referee
before or after the toss.
6.A penalty of five runs will be imposed if a fielder or wicketkeeper makes an unfair
movement while the bowler is bowling, before the ball reaches the batsman. The ball will
be designated as dead ball.
7.Teams can incorporate a maximum of four overseas players in the playing eleven.[65]
Teams must include twenty-five players in their squad, in which they can include up to
eight overseas players.[67]
25
Teams
Current teams
Locations of the ten IPL teams
26
Regi Home Deb Capta Head
Team City State
on ground ut in coach
M. A.
Chennai
Tamil Chidambar M. S. Stephen
Super Chennai South 2008
Nadu am Dhoni Fleming
Kings
Stadium
Arun
Delhi New David Ricky
Delhi North Jaitley 2008
Capitals Delhi Warner Ponting
Stadium
Narendra
Gujarat Ahmedab Hardik Ashish
Gujarat West Modi 2022
Titans ad Pandya Nehra
Stadium
Kolkata
West Eden Nitish Chandrak
Knight Kolkata East 2008
Bengal Gardens Rana ant Pandit
Riders
BRSABV
Lucknow
Uttar Ekana KL Andy
Super Lucknow North 2022
Pradesh Cricket Rahul Flower
Giants
Stadium
Mumbai Maharash Wankhede Rohit Mark

Mumbai West 2008
Indians tra Stadium Sharma Boucher
Punjab Mohali Punjab North Inderjit 2008 Shikhar Trevor

Kings Singh
27
Regi Home Deb Capta Head
Team City State
on ground ut in coach
Bindra
Dhawan Bayliss
Stadium
Sawai
Rajasthan Sanju Kumar
Jaipur Rajasthan North Mansingh 2008
Royals Samson Sangakara
Stadium
Royal
M.
Challeng
Bangalor Chinnaswa Faf du Sanjay
ers Karnataka South 2008
e my Plessis Bangar
Bangalor
Stadium
e
Rajiv
Sunrisers Gandhi Aiden
Hyderaba Brian
Hyderaba Telangana South Internation 2013 Markra
d Lara
d al Cricket m
Stadium
Rivalries
Throughout the history of the tournament rivalries have been formed by competition between
teams
El Clásico of the IPL

Main article: Chennai Super Kings–Mumbai Indians rivalry
28
Chennai Super Kings–Mumbai Indians rivalry is a cricket rivalry between the teams
of Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians. The two teams have played each other 36
times in IPL and 2 times in CLT20 which is the most number of times any two IPL teams
have faced off each other, with the Mumbai Indians having more victories (21).. They are the
two most successful teams in the league winning a combined 10 titles out of the 16 IPL
seasons.
South Indian Derby
The South Indian Derby is a game between the two South Indian teams, the Royal
Challengers Bangalore and Chennai Super Kings. The rivilary stems from the Kaveri River
water dispute between the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The rivalry is also called
"Kaveri derby".
Northern Derby
The Northern Derby is a game between the two North Indian teams, the Rajasthan

Royals and Punjab Kings. The rivalry between these teams is a long standing rivalry in the
IPL. It is typically known to be a high scoring encounter. In 25 matches between the 2 teams,
the Royals have come out on top 14 times, while the Kings have won 11.
Tournament seasons and results

Main articles: List of Indian Premier League seasons and results and List of Indian Premier
League records and statistics
With five titles each, Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians have won the most in the
league's history , the Kolkata Knight Riders have won two; and Rajasthan Royals, Deccan
Chargers, Sunrisers Hyderabad and Gujarat Titans have all won the title once.
As of 2023, the current champions are Chennai Super Kings, who defeated Gujarat Titans by
five wickets in the 2023 IPL final to secure their fifth title.
Records and statistics

Main article: List of Indian Premier League records and statistics
Here is a list of Indian Premier League records. All records are based on statistics
at espncricinfo.com.
Batting Records
29
Most runs Virat Kohli (RCB) 7,263
Highest average Devon Conway (CSK) 48.63
175* vs Pune Warriors

Highest score Chris Gayle (RCB)
India (23 April 2013)
210* vs Kolkata Knight

Highest partnership Quinton de Kock & KL Rahul (LSG)
Riders (18 May 2022)
Most sixes Chris Gayle (KKR/RCB/PBKS) 357
Shikhar
Most fours 750
Dhawan (DD/MI/DC/SRH/PBKS)
Most hundreds Virat Kohli (RCB) 7
Most fifties David Warner (DD/SRH) 65
Bowling Records
Most wickets Yuzvendra Chahal (MI/RCB/RR) 187
Lowest average Lasith Malinga (MI) 19.79
Best strike rate Lungi Ngidi (CSK) 12.9
30
Best economy rate Rashid Khan (SRH/GT) 6.49
6/12 vs Sunrisers
Best bowling figures Alzarri Joseph (MI)
Hyderabad (6 April 2019)
Fielding
Most dismissals
MS Dhoni (CSK/RPS) 180
(wicket-keeper)
Most stumpings
(wicket-keeper)
Most catches (wicket-

keeper)
Most catches (fielder) Suresh Raina (CSK/GL) 109
Other Records
Most matches MS Dhoni (CSK/RPS) 250
Most matches as
captain
Most matches won as a

captain
31
Team Records
263/5 (20) vs Pune

Highest total Royal Challengers Bangalore Warriors India (23 April
2013)
49 (9.4) vs Punjab
Lowest total Royal Challengers Bangalore
Kings (23 April 2017)
Awards
Orange Cap
The Orange Cap (presently also known as the Aramco Orange Cap for sponsorship reasons),
introduced in 2008, is awarded to the highest run-getter at the end of each season. It is an
ongoing competition; the highest-run getter wears the cap during fielding throughout the
tournament. The eventual winner keeps the cap for the season. Brendon McCullum was the
first player to wear the Orange Cap and Shaun Marsh the inaugural winner of the award.
Australian batsman David Warner has won the award thrice, more than any other player, in
2015, 2017 and 2019 respectively. Shubman Gill of Gujarat Titans scored 890 runs
throughout the 2023 season is the present holder of the award.
Purple Cap
The Purple Cap is awarded to the highest wicket-taker at the end of each season. It is
transferred to the bowler who leads in the wicket-takes table and is eventually bestowed upon
the winner, who keeps the cap for the season.Bhuvneshwar Kumar and Dwayne Bravo are
the only players to have won the award twice.Yuzvendra Chahal of the Rajasthan
Royals who took twenty-seven wickets during the 2022 season is the present holder of the
award.
Most Valuable Player
The Most Valuable Player award was called the "Man of the Tournament" until the 2012
season. The IPL introduced the Most Valuable Player rating system in 2013, the leader of
32
which was named the Most Valuable Player at the end of the season. Shubman Gill won the
award in 2023.
Fair Play Award
The Fair Play Award is given after each season to the team with the best fair play record. The
winner is decided based on the umpires' points to the teams. After each match, the two on-
field umpires and the third umpire score the performance of both teams. The 2022 winners
were Rajasthan Royals. The 2023 winners were Delhi Capitals.
Emerging Player Award
The Emerging Player Award was presented for the "best under-19 player" in 2008 and the
"best under-23 player" in 2009 and 2010, being called "Under-23 Success of the
Tournament". In 2011 and 2012, the award was known as "Rising Star of the Year," and in
2013, it was called "Best Young Player of the Season." Since 2014, the award has been
called the Emerging Player of the Year. In 2016, Mustafizur Rahman of Bangladesh was the
first and only foreign player to win the Emerging Player of the Year award. The 2022 winner
was Umran Malik. The 2023 winner was Yashasvi Jaiswal
Maximum Sixes Award
The Maximum Sixes Award is presented to the player who hits the most number of sixes at
the end of the season. Jos Buttler of the Rajasthan Royals won this award in 2022 with forty-
five sixes in seventeen innings.
Controversies
Strategic Timeouts
In its 3rd season, the IPL introduced a new rule: "strategic timeout" of seven minutes and
fifty seconds duration in each inning. Franchises and Sachin Tendulkar disapproved of it.
Many saw it as BCCI's use of 'extended drinks break' to earn money; it faced widespread
backlash. Then IPL president said the rule is intended to allow teams to make strategies amid
the game. Still, critics disagreed with this argument and said the strategic time-out is a way to
generate money. Later, the BCCI reduced its duration but still applied it.
These timeouts boost the IPL revenue; every 10-second slot gets sold for ₹5 lakhs or
more. Due to these time-outs, an IPL match halts four times for more than 10 minutes. As
33
per Sunil Gavaskar, along with many other reasons, Strategic Timeouts (ST) delay the IPL
matches, and they did not end at the stipulated time of 3 hours 10 minutes, instead end after 4
hours. Amid Super Giants against Mumbai Indians eliminator game 2023, on-air he
uttered, "How many times batsmen get out after a strategic timeout," indicating it plays a role
in immediate fall of wickets.
Some cricketers have criticized strategic timeouts for interrupting the flow of play. In the
past, it even faced a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) with the possibility that ST breaks were
being used by bookies to connect with the players. In the past, IPL's stakeholders admitted
that STs are unavoidable because it gives BCCI and broadcasters additional time for more
ads. In 2013, after a spot-fixing matter, then-president N. Shrinivasan got sacked due to a
pending inquiry, and Jagmohan Dalmia got appointed as interim president. Dalmia expressed
openly that he wants to end STs and take other measures to restrain malpractices in IPL.
Rajasthan Royals ownership despute
In April 2010, IPL president Shashank Manohar said in a press conference that we (IPL)

don't know who the owners of Rajasthan Royals (RR) and Punjab team are. I did not
find Shilpa Shetty in the papers. She says she is an owner of Rajasthan Royals. The initial bid
for RR was made by a person named Manoj Bhandale. After that, other firms from Mauritius
were added as share holders. In response, Shilpa Shetty tweeted that she was a proprietor of
RR. Regarding the Punjab team, the IPL president revealed that in the team bidding event,
only Preity Zinta was interested in buying that team. She said she would form a firm. She did
it and signed bid agreement with BCCI. However, Preity does not have a single share in his
name in that firm. Manohar alleged that Shetty and Zinta violated the agreement as prior
permission of BCCI is mandatory before transferring ownership shares with other people.
N. Srinivasan-CSK
In 2010, an e-mail leaked in Indian media, according to an Economic Times article, said

former IPL president Lalit Modi helped then-BCCI president N Shrinivasan to buy Andrew
Flintoff in the auction for his team Chennai Super Kings (CSK). Shrinivasan was criticized
for owning an IPL team due to his conflict of interests. Former BCCI president A.
Muthiah filed a lawsuit against Shrinivasan in the Supreme Court of India; he claimed
Shrinivasan altered the BCCI's rules to allow himself to purchase a team. The Lodha
Committee banned CSK from the IPL for two years when their team principal, Gurunath
Meiyappan, was found guilty of betting and providing inside information to bookies. The
34
supreme court criticized Shrinivasan for buying an IPL team while serving as BCCI
president; a judge commented; "How can a BCCI chief own a team?". However he still own
the team and his daughter Rupa Gurunath often appear in stadiums amid CSK's games.
Ravindra Jadeja
In 2010, the BCCI banned Ravindra Jadeja from the IPL for one year after he violated the
IPL guidelines by not signing a renewal contract with his team Rajasthan Royals, and instead
negotiated a more lucrative contract with other teams through back door.
Aussie players dispute with their board
Due to the BCCI giving one-tenth of foreign players' salaries to their respective country's
national cricket boards, a dispute between Australian cricketers and Cricket Australia started.
The Australian Cricketers' Association also opposed the arrangement.
Shashi Tharoor, Sunanda Pushkar Kochi team ownership
In 2010, the IPL president revealed that the Minister of State for External Affairs Shashi
Tharoor's friend Sunanda Pushkar have sweat equity share in Rendezvous Sports
World (RSW), the proprieter of Kochi Tuskers Kerala team. Opposition BJP agitated against
Congress party. Later it was revealed that Pushkar has ₹70 Cr. equity in RSW. Tharoor
offered to leave his equity but many within Congress felt that by doing this Tharoor pleaded
guilty. Due to pressure, Congress demanded his resignation. He was the first minister
of United Progressive Alliance 2 who got slammed for his illigal moves.
IPL Spot Fixing
In the 2012 IPL spot-fixing case, the BCCI gave a lifetime ban to Deccan Chargers player TP
Sudhindra and suspended four other players. In a sting operation, Pune Warriors
India player Mohnish Mishra was recorded stating IPL franchise owners pay their players
through black money. His franchise later said Mishra had apologized for his incorrect
statement. On 20 May 2012, police detained Rahul Sharma and Wayne Parnell when they
caught during a raid at a rave party at a suburb of Mumbai; both players denied taking drugs
or drinking alcohol. However it was later proven that in reality, they had taken banned drugs
after police tested their urine and blood samples in a lab.
In the 2013 IPL spot-fixing and betting case, Delhi police arrested players Ajit
Chandila, Ankeet Chavan and S Sreesanth on allegations of spot-fixing; they received a
lifetime ban from the BCCI. Police also arrested Gurunath Meiyappan, Chennai Super
35
Kings' team principal and son-in-law of then BCCI president N. Shrinivasan for illegally
betting on IPL matches and passing team information to the bookmakers.
The Supreme Court of India appointed Lodha Committee banned Rajasthan Royals (RR)

and Chennai Super Kings (CSK) for two years due to the RR proprietor and CSK team
principal Meiyappan was found guilty of betting and bringing IPL and the game into
disrepute. After this, BCCI banned Meiyappan from involving in the game.
Justice R.M.Lodha said due to all this fixing-betting matter, the reputation of the game has
been hurt quite grievously, "Disrepute has been brought to cricket, the BCCI, and the IPL to
such an extent that there are doubts abound in the public whether the game is clean or not."
He further elaborated his Committee's observations and said it had proved beyond doubt that
Gurunath Meiyappan, the CSK's team principal, was heavily involved in betting on his team.
Slow Over Rates
IPL frequently gets criticism due to the slow pace of its matches. During the 2023 season, Jos
Buttler mentioned on Twitter to speed up the pace of the play. An IPL match should end
within 3:10 hours of the stipulated time, but it often ends after 4 hours. As per Gavaskar,
strategic timeouts, reserve players running on the field with drinks and messages amid
games, and batsmen asking for helmet results in these delays. Field umpires sometimes
penalize teams by restricting them to field just four fielders outside the 30-yard area, or
match referee penalizes by cutting captain's - team members' match fees, but it has not solved
the problem. Games often run at a slow speed and finish late. Millions of viewers feel that
IPL matches should be fast-paced.
ECONOMIES OF IPL
36
Title sponsorship
Title sponsorship fees
Sponsor Period Estimated annual sponsorship fee
DLF 2008–2012 (US$5.0 million)
Pepsi 2013–2015 (US$9.9 million)
2016–2017 (US$12.5 million)
Vivo
2018–2019 (US$55.1 million)
Dream11 2020 (US$27.8 million)
Vivo 2021 (US$55.1 million)
Tata 2022–2023 (US$42.0 million)
From 2008 to 2012, the IPL title sponsor was DLF, India's largest real estate developer,
which bid (US$25 million) for the rights for five seasons. After the 2012
season, PepsiCo bought the title sponsorship rights for (US$50 million) for the next five
seasons but terminated the deal in October 2015, two years before the expiry of the contract,
due to the two-season suspension of the Chennai and Rajasthan franchises from the
league. The BCCI transferred the title sponsorship rights for the remaining two seasons of the
contract to Chinese smartphone manufacturer Vivo for (US$25 million).
In June 2017, Vivo retained the rights for the next five seasons from 2018 to 2022 with a
winning bid of (US$280 million). On 4 August 2020, Vivo rescinded the title sponsorship
rights due to the military stand-off between India and China at the Line of Actual Control in
July 2020. The withdrawal was also a result of Vivo's market losses due to the ongoing
COVID-19 pandemic; Vivo intended to return as the title sponsor for the following three
years. Dream11 bagged the title sponsorship for the 2020 IPL for an amount
of (US$28 million). Vivo returned as the title sponsor for the 2021 IPL season but withdrew
again, and was replaced by the Tata Group for the next two seasons. InsideSport reported the
BCCI would receive (US$62 million) for the 2022 and 2023 seasons from title sponsors.
Vivo had previously agreed to pay a higher amount for the last two seasons of its sponsorship
contract due to the league's expansion from the 2022 season. According to InsideSport, due
37
to the new deal's structure, Tata would pay (US$42 million) per year while Vivo would pay
the deficit of (US$20 million) per season.
Saudi Aramco brought the rights to advertise on the Purple and Orange caps in 2022.
Payments to foreign national boards
The BCCI pays ten percent of the auctioned value of a player to their respective cricket
board. In January 2018, IPL chairman Rajiv Shukla said the IPL would double the amount
paid to cricket boards that made their players available for an entire season. In
2022, Australian Cricketers' Association expressed its unhappiness about this.
Brand value
The IPL tournament rapidly grew in value between 2016 and 2018. Financial experts valued
the IPL at US$4.16 billion in 2016; that number grew to $5.3 billion in 2017 and
$6.13 billion in 2018. A report from Duff & Phelps said one of the contributing factors in the
rapid growth of the IPL's value was a new television deal with Star India Private Limited,
which engaged more viewers because the IPL was transmitted to regional channels in eight
languages; under the previous deal, the transmissions were limited to sports networks with
English-language commentary.
According to an independent report conducted by Brand Finance, a London-based company,

after the conclusion of the 2017 Indian Premier League, the IPL's business value grew by
37% to an all-time peak of $5.3 billion, exceeding the five-billion-dollar mark for the first
time in a season. According to the company's director Savio D'Souza:
Now in its 11th season, the Indian Premier League is here to stay. The league has delivered
financially for the players, franchisees, sponsors, and India as a whole, prompting a strong
desire among stakeholders to value it appropriately. To ensure continued development,
management, and team owners must explore innovative ways of engaging fans, clubs, and
sponsors.
In December 2022, the IPL became a decacorn valued at US$10.9 billion, registering a 75%
growth in dollar terms since 2020 when it was valued at $6.2 billion, according to a report by
consulting firm D & P Advisory.
38
Brand value
Year
2023 2022 2021

Team
Brand Brand
Brand value Ref Ref Ref
value value
Mumbai Indians (US$1.2 billion) $83M $80M
Kolkata Knight
(US$1.1 billion) $77M $66M
Riders
Chennai Super
(US$1.1 billion) $74M $76M
Kings
Royal Challengers (US$983.5 million

$68M $50M
Bangalore )
(US$993.1 million
Delhi Capitals $62M $56M
)
Rajasthan Royals (US$959.5 million $61M $34M

)
39
Brand value
Year
2023 2022 2021

Team
Brand Brand
Brand value Ref Ref Ref
value value
Sunrisers (US$930.7 million
$49M $52M
Hyderabad )
(US$815.5 million
Gujarat Titans $47M N/A
)
(US$887.5 million
Punjab Kings $45M $36M
)
Lucknow Super
(US$1.0 billion) $32M N/A
Giants
In 2022, the BCCI took insurance of (US$630 million) for the IPL. This insurance policy
involves all stakeholders, including broadcasters, ancillary services providers, and sponsors.
The BCCI is covered in the case of any revenue losses due to weather, riots, and other
unforeseen events.
Broadcasting
2008–2017: Sony Pictures Networks
The IPL's broadcast rights were held by a partnership between Sony Pictures

Networks (SPN) and World Sport Group (WSG) under a ten-year contract valued at
40
US$1.03 billion; SPN held domestic rights in India while WSG handled international
distribution. The initial plan was for twenty percent of these proceeds to go to the IPL, eight
percent as prize money and seventy-two percent would be distributed to the franchisees from
2008 until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares. In March 2010,
however, the IPL decided not to go public and list its shares. As of the 2016 season, Sony
Max, Sony Six, and Sony ESPN served as the IPL's domestic broadcasters; Max and Six
aired broadcasts with commentary in Hindi, SIX also aired broadcasts
in Bengali, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu, while Sony ESPN aired broadcasts in English. SPN
also produced Extraaa Innings T20, a combination of a post-match show with an
entertainment talk show featuring celebrity guests.
The IPL became a major television property within India; Sony Max is typically the most-
watched television channel in the country during the tournament, and by 2016, annual
advertising revenue exceeded (US$150 million). Viewership numbers were expected to
increase further during the 2016 season due to the industry adoption of the new Broadcast
Audience Research Council audience measurement system, which calculates viewership in
both urban and rural markets rather than only urban markets.
2018–2022: Star Sports and Hotstar
On 4 September 2017, it was announced the IPL's then-current digital rights holder Star
India had acquired the global media rights to the IPL under a five-year contract beginning in
2018. The contract was valued at ₹163.475 billion (US$2.55 billion), a 158% increase over
the previous deal, and the most expensive broadcast rights deal in the history of cricket. The
IPL sold the rights in packages for domestic television, domestic digital, and international
rights; although Sony held the highest bid for domestic television and Facebook made a
US$600 million bid for domestic digital rights – which US media interpreted as a sign
Facebook was interested in pursuing professional sports rights – Star was the only bidder
from the shortlist of 14 to make bids in all three categories.
Star Sports broadcast matches on television and Hotstar streamed matches in India and other

markets. In September 2018, Star and mobile carrier Jio reached a five-year sub-licencing
agreement under which all domestic cricket matches aired by Hotstar would also be available
via the Jio TV service for Jio Prime mobile subscribers. Throughout the 2019 season,
international streaming viewership on Hotstar broke records, exceeding 10 million
41
concurrent viewers multiple times. The 2019 final broke these records, peaking at
18.6 million concurrent streaming viewers.
2023–2027: Star Sports and JioCinema
The next cycle of IPL media rights will last from 2023 to 2027 and was put to auction. In this
auction, the broadcasting rights were divided into four packages. Package A was for
domestic television rights, and Package B was for domestic digital rights. Package C was for
the digital rights of eighteen non-exclusive matches, and Package D was for international
television and digital rights, further divided into four groups. On 13 June 2022, it was
reported the packages for domestic television and streaming rights had fetched at
least ₹397.75 billion (nearly US$5.1 billion) in total, doubling the value of the 2018–2022
contract.
The next day, it was announced that Star Sports had renewed its contract for television rights
by winning package A, and that a Viacom18 consortium had exclusively acquired the
streaming rights by winning both Package B and C. The two contracts for Package A and B
are cumulatively valued at around US$6.2 billion; with the new contracts, the IPL overtook
the Premier League in English football as the second highest-valued sports media property
worldwide, behind only the NFL, whose new media contracts taking effect in the 2023
season cumulatively fetched US$111 billion.
In February 2023, Viacom18 announced it would stream the 2023 IPL for free
on JioCinema with feeds in 12 languages, including English and regional languages, and
in 4K resolution. The same month, The Walt Disney Company reported its loss of the IPL
42
had contributed to a net loss of 2.4 million Disney+ subscribers worldwide, primarily in
India.
Ahead of the 2023 IPL, Star launched HD feeds of Star Sports 1 in Tamil and Telugu and
announced its free-to-air channel Star Utsav Movies would carry twelve matches. It was
anticipated viewership of Star Sports' broadcasts may not be heavily impacted by the Jio deal
due to its existing market reach (including as rights holder of India's home matches) and
viewers who preferred linear television due to being less familiar with over-the-top services,
or concerns over technical issues associated with such services. JioCinema reported the IPL
had 1.4 billion views on the service over the opening weekend, which was higher than the
entirety of the 2022 season on Disney+ Hotstar. The 2023 final set a record for the most
concurrent viewers of a livestreamed event, peaking at over 32 million viewers (surpassing a
record of 25.3 million set by Hotstar during the 2019 Cricket World Cup).
List of broadcasters
In June 2022 media-rights auction, Sky Sports and Viacom18 acquired the rights for the UK,
Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, while Times Internet gained the rights for the
Middle East, North Africa, and the US.
Territory Channels and Online streaming Years
Star Sports 2023–2027
India
Jio Cinema (Internet) 2023–2027
T Sports, GTV 2022
Bangladesh
T Sports App 2023
Afghanistan Ariana Television Network 2022
Africa SuperSport 2023
43
Kayo Sports, Fox Sport's
Australia 2023
Foxtel (Internet)
Indonesia Vidio (Internet) 2023–present
Ireland
Sky Sports, DAZN 2023–present
United Kingdom
Middle East 2023
North Africa:
 Algeria
 Egypt Times Internet
 Libya 2023
 Morocco
 Tunisia
 Mauritania
 Sudan
New Zealand Sky Sport 2021–present
South Africa Super Sports 2023
Sub-Saharan Africa Super Sport 2021–present
United States Willow TV 2023
44
IPL AUNCTION
The TATA IPL 2023 Player Auction saw a total of 80 players sold and INR 1,67,00,00,000
spent collectively amongst the ten franchises in Kochi. The auction was heavily dominated
by the all-rounders, who were in massive demand. English all-rounder Sam Curran, who was
the buzz of the town even before his name went under the hammer, smashed an all-time
record and became the most expensive player in the history of IPL auctions. The all-rounder
announced his return to the Punjab Kings with a topmost bid of INR 18.50 Crore.
Meanwhile, Cameron Green and Ben Stokes earned big after being bought by Mumbai
Indians for INR 17.50 Crore and Chennai Super Kings for 16.25 Crore respectively. Indian
batting star Mayank Agarwal made his way to the Sunrisers Hyderabad for INR 8.25 crore
along with explosive English batter Harry Brook who made merry at the auction too. Pace
sensation Shivam Mavi became the most expensive bowler after defending champions
Gujarat Titans acquired his services for INR 6 crores. The intriguing mind games and intense
bidding wars were just glimpses of the upcoming action-packed TATA IPL 2023.
45
SPONSERSHIP ON TEAM’S UNIFORM
The sponsorship of individual teams is a significant source of revenue for IPL franchises.
Sponsors invest in teams to gain brand visibility and reach a wider audience. While the exact
revenue figures may vary depending on the popularity and performance of the teams, here
are some common types of sponsorships that contribute to team revenues in the IPL:
1. Title Sponsorship: Each team in the IPL typically has a title sponsor, which is the
primary sponsor and holds the naming rights of the team. This sponsorship category
often generates substantial revenue for teams.
2. Kit Sponsorship: Teams have sponsors who provide financial support in exchange for
their brand logo to be displayed on the team's jerseys and other cricketing apparel. Kit
sponsorships can be a significant source of revenue for IPL teams.
3. Official Partnerships: Teams enter into partnerships with various brands as official
sponsors in different categories such as banking, telecommunications, automotive,
beverages, and more. These partnerships involve financial support and promotional
activities.
4. On-ground Advertising: Sponsors can purchase advertising spaces within the team's
home stadium, including signage boards, LED displays, and other branding
opportunities during matches. This form of sponsorship contributes to team revenue.
5. Digital Sponsorship: With the growing digital presence of IPL teams, sponsors can
secure digital sponsorship deals. This includes brand promotions on team websites,
social media platforms, and mobile applications, providing additional revenue
streams.
6. Merchandise and Licensing: Teams generate revenue by selling official team
merchandise, including jerseys, caps, accessories, and other branded items. Licensing
agreements with manufacturers and distributors contribute to the team's overall
revenue.
7. Associate Sponsors: Teams may have associate sponsors who support specific aspects
of their operations, such as training facilities, travel, and logistics. These sponsorships
provide financial assistance to teams.
46
OVERALL IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY
1. Significant rise in GDP: IPL has been contributing massive profits to the GDP of
India. Huge scale branding, crazy fan
support, and tremendous fan following
worldwide have led to a constant rise in the
GDP. As per KPMG’s survey report, the 60-
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed day tournament yielded INR 11.5
under CC BY-SA-NC
billion(USD 182 million). BCCI had appointed the KPMG
sports advisory group to undertake this survey.
2. Boosts Tourism: Apart from 32 international players, there is a massive boost in the

revenue generated from international
tourism. As per one of the most
reputed travel companies Cox &
Kings, the IPL led to a whopping
30% increase in travel revenue.
People from all over the world travel This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
to
different states and cities of India during the season. India has been ranked 11th in the Asia
Pacific region and 34thin the list of most attractive travel destinations worldwide.
3.Generates New Jobs: The Indian Premier League generates job employment at a large
scale and effectively leads to India’s economic
development. The employment is generated from
companies, their stakeholders, sports personalities,
emerging athletes, etc. The report submitted by
the UN General Assembly for Peace and
Development highlighted an economic value of $3.2
billion created by IPL. The market for sports
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
under CC BY-NC-ND
47
equipment and gadgets has also witnessed a huge rise, with market size increasing to 40
billion Indian rupees.
4. Media Exposure and

Viewership: As per the data
collection of economic times of
India, the T20 contest in 2019 broke
all its previous records in the
viewership department, and TV
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
viewing made a record of 462 million clocks and a watch time of 338 billion minutes was
recorded in the 12th edition. The cricket league has garnered sponsorship from various
reputed companies globally, namely coca-cola, Maruti Suzuki, PhonePe, MRF, etc.
5. Cultural Diversity: Social media frenzy during the IPL season is very common. A lot of
activities occur during the tournament as people from
all over the world visit India. There are a lot of after-
parties and events held in the different cities hosting
the twenty-over matches. Foreign tourists from several
countries such as Bangladesh, Australia, Canada, Sri
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed Lanka, England, etc., arrive and try to make the most
under CC BY
of the celebratory season.
6. Hotel & Restaurant Business: During the IPL season, there’s a surge in travel business
and accommodation business, and eating ventures. The number of check-ins increases during
the 60-day tournament, and travellers from worldwide
love to experiment with different Indian
cuisines. Creates a good amount of revenue as teams
also provide their players with luxury hotels and
48
restaurants access along the the teams , some die heart fans also took rooms in the same
hotel to meet the players .
7.Increase in Tax Contribution: Before the onset of IPL, BCCI was considered a charitable
organization, thus was never asked to pay taxes. IPL had been termed as a commercial
activity from the time of its commencement; therefore, BCCI was required to pay tax
contributions, resulting in an increased amount of revenue for the government.
Goods and Services Tax (GST) : The sale of tickets for IPL matches attracts GST. The GST
rate varies depending on the ticket price category. The tax collected on ticket sales
contributes to the overall tax revenue.
Entertainment Tax: In certain states, IPL matches may be subject to entertainment tax. This
tax is levied on the ticket prices and contributes to the tax revenue of the respective state
government.
Income Tax: IPL players, team owners, and other individuals involved in the tournament, such
as coaches and support staff, earn income from their participation. They are required to pay
income tax on their earnings, which contributes to the overall tax revenue.
Sponsorship and Advertising Tax: IPL teams engage in sponsorship and advertising activities
to generate revenue. The income earned from these activities is subject to taxation, and the
tax paid contributes to the overall tax revenue.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
49
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 Meaning of Research
 Objectives of the study
 Scope of the study
 Research Design (Meaning) & Types of Research Design (Exploratory or

Descriptive)
 Sample size, Sampling technique
 Data Collection/Data Sources:

 Primary Source: Questionnaire, Interview
 Secondary Source: reports, magazines
50
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
51
METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is a way of explaining how a researcher intends to carry out their
research. It's a logical, systematic plan to resolve a research problem. A methodology details
a researcher's approach to the research to ensure reliable, valid results that address their aims
and objectives. It encompasses what data they're going to collect and where from, as well as
how it's being collected and analysed.
A research methodology gives research legitimacy and provides scientifically sound findings.
It also provides a detailed plan that helps to keep researchers on track, making the process
smooth, effective and manageable. A researcher's methodology allows the reader to
understand the approach and methods used to reach conclusions.
Having a sound research methodology in place provides the following benefits:
 Other researchers who want to replicate the research have enough information to do
so.
 Researchers who receive criticism can refer to the methodology and explain their
approach.
 It can help provide researchers with a specific plan to follow throughout their
research.
 The methodology design process helps researchers select the correct methods for the
objectives.
 It allows researchers to document what they intend to achieve with the research from
the outset.
Types of research methodology
When designing a research methodology, a researcher has several decisions to make. One of
the most important is which data methodology to use, qualitative, quantitative or a
combination of the two. No matter the type of research, the data gathered will be as numbers
or descriptions, and researchers can choose to focus on collecting words, numbers or both.
Here are the different methodologies and their applications:

52
Qualitative
Qualitative research involves collecting and analysing written or spoken words and textual
data. It may also focus on body language or visual elements and help to create a detailed
description of a researcher's observations. Researchers usually gather qualitative data through
interviews, observation and focus groups using a few carefully chosen participants.
This research methodology is subjective and more time-consuming than using quantitative
data. Researchers often use a qualitative methodology when the aims and objectives of the
research are exploratory. For example, when they perform research to understand human
perceptions regarding an event, person or product.
Quantitative
Researchers usually use a quantitative methodology when the objective of the research is to
confirm something. It focuses on collecting, testing and measuring numerical data, usually
from a large sample of participants. They then analyze the data using statistical analysis and
comparisons. Popular methods used to gather quantitative data are:
 Surveys
 Questionnaires
 Test
 Databases
 Organizational records
This research methodology is objective and is often quicker as researchers use software
programs when analysing the data. An example of how researchers could use a quantitative
methodology is to measure the relationship between two variables or test a set of hypotheses.
I have used qualitative methodology for this research paper for collecting data.
Basically, I have performed convenience sampling for gathering the data due to time
constraint which helped me to get data within a week through online survey which I
had circulated in my sports community groups as well as to my classmates having some
connect and enthusiasm towards cricket, especially IPL. My sample size is 79.
53
Objectives of Study
1. Revenue Generation: One of the primary objectives of the study is to understand the
revenue generation model of the IPL. This involves analysing the sources of income such
as broadcasting rights, sponsorship deals, ticket sales, merchandising, and franchise
ownership fees. Understanding how the IPL generates revenue helps in evaluating its
economic impact and sustainability.
2. Economic Impact: The study aims to assess the overall economic impact of the IPL on
the Indian economy. This includes analysing the direct and indirect contributions of the
league to employment generation, tourism, hospitality, advertising and marketing
industries, and other related sectors. Evaluating the economic impact helps in
understanding the league's significance in terms of job creation and economic growth.
3. Franchise Valuation: Another objective is to analyse the valuation of IPL franchises.
This involves studying the factors that determine the financial worth of each team, such as
brand value, player salaries, sponsorship deals, and team performance. Understanding
franchise valuation helps in assessing the financial health and market position of
individual teams within the IPL ecosystem.
4. Sponsorship and Branding: The study aims to evaluate the impact of IPL sponsorship
and branding on businesses. This involves analysing the effectiveness of sponsorship deals
and their return on investment for brands. Understanding the impact of IPL sponsorship
and branding helps businesses make informed decisions regarding their marketing
strategies and partnerships.
5. Player Salaries and Auctions: The study also focuses on analysing player salaries and
the IPL auction system. This includes evaluating the trends in player remuneration, the
impact of salary caps, and the strategies employed during player auctions. Understanding
player salaries and auctions helps in assessing the league's financial structure and the
value placed on player talent.
6. Governance and Regulations: Lastly, studying the economies of the IPL involves
examining the governance and regulatory frameworks governing the league. This includes
analysing the role of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), franchise
ownership rules, revenue sharing models, and other regulations. Evaluating governance
and regulations helps in understanding the league's structure and its impact on economic
outcomes.
54
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
In qualitative research, there are various sampling techniques that you can use when
recruiting participants. The two most popular sampling techniques are purposeful and
convenience sampling because they align the best across nearly all qualitative research
designs. Sampling techniques can be used in conjunction with one another very easily or can
be used alone within a qualitative dissertation.
Convenience Sampling: This is a sampling technique that qualitative researchers use to

recruit participants who are easily accessible and convenient to the researchers. Oftentimes
this may include utilizing geographic location and resources that make participant
recruitment convenient. An example of this would be a teacher who wanted to examine the
perceptions of teachers about a policy change and decided to utilize a school within the
district he or she worked in to recruit participants. Another example would be a professional
who is a member of a professional organization and wanted to recruit participants through
contact information available to members of that organization. Both examples would be
convenient to each researcher but would also require obtaining permissions to recruit
participants (from the district and professional organization respectively).
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND
55
Chapter 3
Data interpretation and analysis
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND
56
AGE AND GENDER OF RESPONDENTS
# Most of the respondents are between the age of 18-23 , very few are above 23 .
Gender Count of Gender

Male 54
Female 21
Grand Total 75
Male accounts for the majority of

'Gender'.
21
54
# Most of the respondents are male respondents.
57
Revenue Stream for IPL Franchises
Count of Which of the

Which of the following is a revenue stream for IPL following is a revenue stream
franchises? for IPL franchises?
Sale of team merchandise 43
Prize money from previous tournaments 17
Government subsidies 13
Membership fees from fans 6
79
Grand Total
Sale of team merchandise accounts

for the majority of 'Which of the fol-
lowing is a revenue stream for IPL
franchises?'. Sale of team merchandise
Prize money from previous
tournaments
8%
Government subsidies
16% Membership fees from fans
54%
22%
58
Growth Of Entertainment Industry
Count of How does IPL

contribute to the growth
How does IPL contribute to the growth of the entertainment of the entertainment
industry? industry?
By attracting global investors to the industry 23
By providing a platform for celebrities to endorse products 13
By limiting opportunities for actors and artists 12
By organizing film festivals during the tournament 11
Grand Total 59
59
Significant Source Of Revenue For IPL
Count of Which of the following

Which of the following is a significant source of revenue is a significant source of revenue
for IPL? for IPL?
Ticket sales 45
Donations 16
Government grants 11
Membership fees 7
Grand Total 79
Ticket sales accounts for the majority of 'Which

of the following is a significant source of revenue
for IPL?'.
11
45
16
60
Tourism
How does IPL impact the tourism industry in India? responses

It promotes domestic and international tourism during the tournament. 52
It leads to a decrease in tourist arrivals. 12
It has no effect on the tourism industry. 8
It discourages travel and tourism activities. 7
Grand Total 79
It promotes domestic and interna-

tional tourism during the tourna-
ment. accounts for the majority of
'How does IPL impact the tourism
industry in India?'.
It promotes domestic and in- It leads to a decrease in
ternational tourism during tourist arrivals.
the tournament.
It has no effect on the It discourages travel and
tourism industry. tourism activities.
7; 9%
8; 10%
12;
15% 52;
66%
61
Tax on IPL Tickets
Which tax revenue is generated through IPL ticket sales? responses

Goods and Services Tax (GST) 52
Value Added Tax (VAT) 16
Property tax 6
Corporate tax 5
Grand Total 79
Goods and Services Tax (GST) accounts for

the majority of 'Which tax revenue is
generated through IPL ticket sales?'.
6%
Goods and Services Tax
8% (GST)
Value Added Tax (VAT)
Property tax
20% Corporate tax
66%
62
Impact on Overall GDP of INDIA
Count of What
impact does IPL
have on the overall
What impact does IPL have on the overall GDP of India? GDP of India?
It contributes positively to the GDP through various economic activities. 62
It leads to a decline in the GDP. 8
It has no significant impact on the GDP. 7
It causes inflation, negatively affecting the GDP 2
Grand Total 79
It contributes positively to the GDP through var-

ious economic activities. accounts for the major-
ity of 'What impact does IPL have on the overall
GDP of India?'.
2
7
62
63
INTERPRETATION
 There are more male enthusiast towards cricket, especially IPL compared to women
audience of IPL.
 College students between the age of 18-23 are more involved and active (i.e., age and
IPL enthusiasm are indirectly proportional, with the increase in age , the enthusiasm
goes down and vice versa )
 Most of the people believes that the revenue for the IPL franchise mainly comes
through sales of merchandise.
 Despite, by providing celebrities a platform to endorse product IPL ensures growth of
entertainment sector, many of the people think that IPL ensures the growth of
entertainment sector by attracting global investors to the industry.
 According to the responses most of the agree that significant source of revenue in IPL
is Ticket Sales, still some people go with donations and all.
 When we talk about tourisms, a very few people disagree with a fact that IPL
promotes domestic as well as the international tourisms throughout the whole season.
 Goods and services tax (GST) is levied upon sale of IPL tickets and most of the
people quite aware about this fact.
 There is a significant positive impact of IPL on the INDIAN ECONOMY as it boasts
the economy through various economic activities such as tax revenue, creating jobs,
and almost everyone agrees with this .
64
LIMITATIONS
It was my most preferred title for research project so due to curiosity I put my whole heart on
this project. But still there are certain limitations while doing the research work. Some of the
limitations are as follows.
1.One of the biggest limitations with this project work is the time factor. As I did my project
in my sports community which is very limited to get a huge amount of responses.
2.The sample size of 79 respondents is not enough to find out the audience’s perception
cause craze for IPL in India is beyond limits for which this sample size is not adequate.
3.There might have been tendencies among the respondents to amplifying or filter their
responses under the testing.
4.In some cases, the respondent was not giving us the proper reply. He/she might think that
this is only wastage of time, or this might create some problem etc. And as a result, he/she
has given some fake answers and fills the questionnaire very casually.
5.The area of study is limited and confined to certain limitation as my sports community is
very minimal to provide a better overview of the whole population.
6.It is possible that some potential source might have remained untapped.
7.Since the result has been drawn according to the information provided by the respondents
therefore there is a chance of error.
8.The questioners were in English so many people were avoiding filling the questioners.
65
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis of the economies of IPL, it can be concluded that IPL has a
significant impact on various sectors of the economy. The tournament serves as a platform
for generating revenue, promoting business activities, and driving economic growth in
India. The following key points summarize the findings:
1. Revenue Generation: IPL contributes to revenue generation through multiple streams,

including ticket sales, broadcasting rights, sponsorships, merchandise sales, and on-ground
advertising. These revenue sources not only benefit the franchises but also contribute to
the overall economic growth.
2. Brand Visibility and Advertising: IPL provides a platform for brands to enhance their
visibility and reach a wide audience. Sponsors invest in teams, leading to increased
advertising and promotional activities. This boosts brand recognition and stimulates the
advertising and media sectors.
3. Job Creation: The IPL creates employment opportunities in various sectors, such as
event management, hospitality, media, and advertising. The tournament generates demand
for event organizers, hotel staff, media professionals, and other related roles, positively
impacting the job market.
4. Tourism Promotion: IPL acts as a catalyst for the tourism industry in India. The
tournament attracts domestic and international tourists, leading to increased hotel
bookings, travel expenditures, and overall economic activity in the tourism sector.
5. Sports Infrastructure Development: IPL contributes to the development of sports

infrastructure, including the construction and maintenance of stadiums, training facilities,
and sports-related amenities. This investment in sports infrastructure drives economic
development and fosters a culture of sports in the country.
6. Foreign Direct Investment: IPL attracts foreign direct investment through partnerships
with international sports leagues and the participation of foreign players, coaches, and
66
support staff. This infusion of foreign investment contributes to economic growth and
strengthens international collaborations.
7. Tax Revenues: IPL generates tax revenues through GST, entertainment tax, income tax,
corporate tax, and indirect taxes. The tax contributions from ticket sales, sponsorship
deals, merchandise sales, and other associated activities benefit the government and
contribute to public funds.
8. Overall GDP Impact: The cumulative effect of the revenues generated, job creation,
increased business activities, and tax contributions indicate that IPL has a positive impact
on the overall GDP of India. The tournament stimulates economic growth and supports
various sectors, leading to an overall boost in the country's economy.
67
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Promote Local Entrepreneurship: Encourage local entrepreneurs to invest in IPL

franchises or associated businesses. This can be achieved through initiatives such as
providing incentives, fostering partnerships, and offering mentorship programs to support
the growth of local businesses.
2. Strengthen Sponsorship Opportunities: Create an environment that attracts more

sponsors by providing innovative and attractive sponsorship packages. This can include
personalized branding opportunities, unique experiences for sponsors and their customers,
and increased visibility through digital platforms.
3. Focus on Grassroots Development: Invest in grassroots cricket development programs

to nurture young talent. By identifying and supporting talented individuals from an early
age, IPL can contribute to the growth of the sport and create a sustainable pipeline of
skilled players.
4. Enhance Fan Engagement: Implement initiatives that improve fan engagement and
create a more immersive experience. This can include interactive mobile applications,
virtual reality experiences, and personalized content to enhance the connection between
fans and the teams.
5. Promote Regional Representation: Encourage IPL franchises to focus on regional talent

and create a sense of identity and loyalty among local fans. This can be achieved by
prioritizing local players, showcasing regional culture and traditions, and involving local
communities in team activities.
6. Embrace Technology: Embrace technological advancements to enhance the overall

viewing experience and reach a global audience. This can involve adopting new
broadcasting technologies, leveraging social media platforms for fan engagement, and
exploring virtual reality or augmented reality experiences.
7. Collaborate with International Leagues: Explore partnerships and collaborations with
68
international cricket leagues to foster cross-border tournaments and enhance the global
appeal of IPL. This can attract foreign investment, increase viewership, and create new
revenue opportunities.
8. Invest in Infrastructure: Continuously invest in sports infrastructure, including

stadiums, training facilities, and support services, to provide a world-class experience for
players, fans, and stakeholders. This will contribute to the long-term sustainability and
growth of IPL.
9. Promote Social Responsibility: Encourage IPL franchises to actively engage in social

responsibility initiatives, such as supporting local community development projects,
promoting inclusivity and diversity, and adopting sustainable practices. This will enhance
the reputation of the tournament and generate positive social impact.
10. Conduct Research and Evaluation: Regularly conduct research and evaluation studies
to assess the economic impact of IPL, identify areas for improvement, and make data-
driven decisions.
69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites:
 https://www.wikipedia.org/
 https://www.google.com/forms/about/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMYFL0J4a1U
 https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/?from=mdr
 https://www.iplt20.com/
 https://www.bcci.tv/
 https://www.icc-cricket.com/homepage
 https://www.sportskeeda.com/
70
ANNEXURE
QUESTIONAIRE
Hello everyone,
Thank you for participating. Your responses will contribute to a research study on the
Economies of IPL.
The survey consists of multiple-choice questions and will take approximately 5 minutes to
complete. Please answer the questions to the best of your knowledge and based on your
personal experiences. Your responses will help us to carry out this study further. Your
details and responses will be kept confidential.
Thank you so much for your participation.
What is preferred gender title?

a) Male
b) Female
c) Trans
d) other
What is your current age group?

a) 18-23
b) 23-28
c) 28-33
How do ticket sales contribute to the economies of IPL?

a) Revenue generation for franchise owners
b) Boosting the local economy of host cities
71
c) Supporting the maintenance of stadiums
d) All of the above
How does merchandising benefit the economies of IPL?

a) Revenue from the sale of team merchandise
b) Job creation in the manufacturing sector
c) Brand promotion and fan engagement
d) All of the above
Which of the following is a significant source of revenue for IPL?

a) Ticket sales
b) Donations
c) Government grants
d) Membership fees
Which tax revenue is generated through IPL ticket sales?

a) Value Added Tax (VAT)
b) Goods and Services Tax (GST)
c) Property tax
d) Corporate tax
How does IPL contribute to the growth of the entertainment industry?

a) By limiting opportunities for actors and artists
b) By attracting global investors to the industry
c) By organizing film festivals during the tournament
d) By providing a platform for celebrities to endorse products
Which of the following is a revenue stream for IPL franchises?

a) Government subsidies
b) Prize money from previous tournaments
c) Sale of team merchandise
d) Membership fees from fans
72
How does IPL contribute to the growth of the digital economy?
a) By promoting traditional brick-and-mortar businesses
b) By discouraging online transactions
c) Through digital streaming services and online advertisements
d) By imposing restrictions on online platforms
Which sector benefits from the increased demand for advertisement and marketing during
IPL?
a) Real estate
b) Information technology
c) Advertising agencies and media houses
d) Manufacturing
How does IPL impact the tourism industry in India?

a) It has no effect on the tourism industry.
b) It leads to a decrease in tourist arrivals.
c) It promotes domestic and international tourism during the tournament.
d) It discourages travel and tourism activities.
How does IPL contribute to foreign direct investment (FDI)?

a) It doesn't attract any foreign investment.
b) Through partnerships with international sports leagues
c) By limiting overseas investments in the tournament
d) By discouraging foreign investors from participating
Which taxes are levied on the sale of IPL merchandise?

a) Property tax
b) Sales tax
c) Entertainment tax
d) Excise duty
How does IPL impact the advertising rates during the tournament season?
a) Advertising rates remain unchanged.
73
b) Advertising rates decrease significantly.
c) Advertising rates increase due to higher demand.
d) Advertising rates are not affected by IPL.
How does IPL contribute to the development of cricketing talent in India?

a) By limiting opportunities for young cricketers
b) By providing training scholarships to foreign players
c) Through talent scouting and nurturing young players
d) By imposing restrictions on player development programs
Which sector experiences increased demand for media and entertainment services during
IPL?
a) Agriculture
b) Banking and finance
c) Advertising and PR agencies
d) Education
What impact does IPL have on the overall GDP of India?

a) It has no significant impact on the GDP.
b) It leads to a decline in the GDP.
c) It contributes positively to the GDP through various economic activities.
d) It causes inflation, negatively affecting the GDP
74

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Minor Project Report

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the

Award of the Degree of BBA 2021-2024

Under the Guidance of: Submitted By:

Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies

Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, Delhi, under my guidance & direction.

been submitted earlier.

Name of the Guide: Dr Bharti Chaudhary

Designation: Associate Professor

Date: 10th June 2023 Signature:

Place: Name: Harshit Goel

Enrolment number: 08714701721

4th Semester, BBA

To provide a comprehensive understanding of the economies of the IPL, we will utilize a

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Chapter 1 Introduction to The Industry

Chapter 2 Introduction to the topic

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

Chapter 4 Data Analysis & Interpretation

Chapter 5 Findings & Observations

Chapter 6 Suggestions & Conclusion

References & Bibliography (Articles & Research Papers)

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

“INTRODUCTION TO THE CRICKET”

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

In the first half of the

RISE OF INTERNATIONAL CRICKET

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

The first limited-over international match

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

INTERNATIONAL CRICKET COUNCIL(ICC)

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Indian cricketers association is the country's retired cricketer's union. It is recognized by

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

INDIAN CRICKET TEAM (ICT)

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

“INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) AND

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Expansions and terminations

Crowd during a match of the 2023 IPL season in Kolkata, India.

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Arun Singh Dhumal – Chairman

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

1. IPL games incorporate television timeouts. Each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Locations of the ten IPL teams

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL

Mumbai Maharash Wankhede Rohit Mark

Punjab Mohali Punjab North Inderjit 2008 Shikhar Trevor

El Clásico of the IPL

SUBMITTED BY: HARSHIT GOEL