11th Chemistry (EM) - Sample

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CONTENTS
Unit Volume - I Page No.
1 5
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2 34
l.i
3 54
4 73
da
5 88
6 104
8
ka 128
159
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Volume - II
9 187
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10 213
11 238
.k
12 Basic concepts of Organic Reactions 269

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13 282
14 312
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15 338
Govt. Supplementary Exam - August 2022 353

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Govt. Exam - March 2023 357
Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

UNIT
1 BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

AND CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS
Part I – Evaluation (Book Back Questions)
I. Choose the best answer 3. Assertion : Two mole of glucose contains
12.044 × 1023 molecules of glucose
1. 40 ml of methane is completely burnt
n
using 80 ml of oxygen at room Reason : Total number of entities present
temperature. The volume of gas left after in one mole of any substance is equal to
l.i
cooling to room temperature is 6.02 × 1022
a) 40 ml CO2 gas (a) both assertion and reason are true and
b) 40 ml CO2 gas and 80 ml H2O gas the reason is the correct explanation of
c) 60 ml CO2 gas and 60 ml H2O gas assertion
da
d) 120 ml CO2 gas (b) both assertion and reason are true but
Ans: a) 40 ml CO2 gas reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion
Solution :
(c) assertion is true but reason is false
CH4(g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (I)
Content
Stoichiometric
coefficient
1
CH4
2
O2
1
CO2
ka (d) both assertion and reason are false
Ans: c) assertion is true but reason is false
Solution :
Correct reason : Total number of entities
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present in one mole of any substance is
Volume of reactants 40 mL 80 mL equal to 6.022 × 1023.
allowed to react
4. Carbon forms two oxides, namely car-
Volume of reactant 40 mL 80 mL 40 mL
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bon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The
reacted and product
equivalent mass of which element
formed
remains constant?
Volume of gas after - - 40 mL
.k
a) Carbon
cooling to the room b) oxygen
temperature c) both carbon and oxygen
Since the product was cooled to room d) neither carbon nor oxygen
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temperature, water exists mostly as liquid. Ans: b) oxygen

Hence, option (a) is correct. Solution :
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Reaction 1 :
2. An element X has the following isotopic
2C + O2 → 2 CO
composition 200X = 90 %, 199X = 8 % and
202 2 x 12g carbon combines with 32g of
X = 2 %. The weighted average atomic
oxygen. Hence,
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mass of the element X is closest to

(a) 201 u (b) 202 u Equivalent mass of carbon = 2 x 12 x 8 = 6
32
(c) 199 u (d) 200 u Reaction 2 :
C + O2 → CO2
Solution : Ans: d) 200 u 12g carbon combines with 32g of oxygen.
(200 x 90) + (199 x 8) + (202 x 2) = 199.96 Hence,
=
100 12
200 u Equivalent mass of carbon = 32 x 8 = 3

UNIT - 1 5 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations
5. The equivalent mass of a trivalent metal 100% pure 84g MgCO3 on heating gives
element is 9 g eq–1 the molar mass of its 44g CO2.
anhydrous oxide is Given that 1g MgCO3 on heating gives
a) 102 g b) 27 g 0.44g CO2.
c) 270 g d) 78 g Therefore, 84g MgCO3 sample on heating
Ans: a) 102 g gives 36.96g CO2
Solution : Percentage of purity of the sample =
Let the trivalent metal be M3+
n
100% x 36.96g CO = 84%
2
Equivalent mass 44gCO 2
= mass of the metal / valance factor
l.i
9g eq–1 = mass of the metal / 3 eq Percentage of impurity = 16%
Mass of the metal = 27g 8. When 6.3 g of sodium bicarbonate is
Oxide formed M2O3 ; added to 30 g of acetic acid solution, the
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Mass of the oxide = (2 × 27) + (3 × 16) residual solution is found to weigh 33 g.
= 102g The number of moles of carbon dioxide
released in the reaction is
6. The number of water molecules in a drop
of water weighing 0.018 g is a) 3 b) 0.75
a) 6.022 × 1026 b) 6.022 × 1023
c) 6.022 × 1020
Solution :
d) 9.9 × 1022
Ans: c) 6.022 × 1020 ka c) 0.075
Solution :
d) 0.3
NaHCO 3 + CH 3COOH Ȣ CH 3COONa + H2 O + CO 2 ȡ

6.3 g + 30g Ȣ 33g
Ans: c) 0.075
+ x
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Weight of the water drop = 0.018g
No. of moles of water in the drop The amount of CO2 released x = 3.3g
= Mass of water / molar mass No. of moles of CO2 released = 3.3/44 = 0.075
= 0.018 / 18 = 10-3 mole mol
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No. of water molecules present in 1 mole of 9. When 22.4 litres of H2 (g) is mixed with
water = 6.022 × 1023 11.2 litres of Cl2 (g), each at 273 K at 1 atm
No. water molecules in one drop of water
.k
the moles of HCl (g), formed is equal to

(10-3 mole)
= 6.022 × 1023 × 10-3 = 6.022 x 1020 a) 2 moles of HCl (g) b) 0.5 moles of HCl(g)
7. 1 g of an impure sample of magnesium c) 1.5 moles of HCl(g)

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carbonate (containing no thermally d) 1 moles of HCl (g)

decomposable impurities) on complete Ans: d) 1 moles of HCl (g)
thermal decomposition gave 0.44 g of
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carbon dioxide gas. The percentage of Solution :

impurity in the sample is H2(g) + Cl2 (g) → 2 HCl (g)
a) 0 % b) 4.4 % Content H2(g) Cl2(g) HCl
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c) 16 % d) 8.4 % (g)
Ans: c) 16% Stoichiometric 1 1 2
Solution : coefficient
MgCO3 → MgO + CO2 ↑ No. of moles of 22.4 L 11.2L -
MgCO3 : (1×24) + (1×12)+(3×16) = 84g reactants allowed to (1mol) (0.5mol)
react at 273 K and 1
CO2 : (1×12) + (2×16) = 44g
atm pressure
No. of moles of re- 0.5 0.5 1 13. Which one of the following represents
actant reacted and 180g of water? QY-2019 AUG-2021
product formed a) 5 Moles of water

Amount of HCl formed = 1 mol b) 90 moles of water
23
6.022 x 10
10. Hot concentrated sulphuric acid is a c) molecules of water
180
moderately strong oxidising agent. Which
of the following reactions does not show d) 6.022 x 1024 molecules of water
Ans: d) 6.022 x 1024 molecules of water
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oxidising behaviour?
a) Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O Solution :
l.i
No. of moles of water present in 180g.
b) C + 2H2SO4 → CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
= Mass of water / Molar mass of water
c) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl
= 180g / 18g mol-1 = 10 moles
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d) none of the above One mole of water contains
Ans: c) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl
= 6.022 × 1023 water molecules
Solution : 10 mole of water contains
+2 −1 +1 + 6 −2 +2 +6 −2 +1 −1
BaCl 2 + H2 SO4 Ba S O4 + 2HCl = 6.022 × 1023 × 10 = 6.022 × 1024
11. Choose the disproportionation reaction

among the following redox reactions.
a) 3Mg(s) + N2(g) → Mg3N2 (s)
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water molecules
14. 7.5 g of a gas occupies a volume of 5.6 litres
at 0ºC and 1 atm pressure. The gas is
HY-2018 MAY-2022
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b) P4(s) + 3NaOH + 3H2O → PH3(g) +
a) NO b) N2O
3NaH2PO2(aq) c) CO d) CO2
c) Cl2(g) + 2KI(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + I2 Ans: a) NO
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d) Cr2O3(s) + 2Al(s) → Al2 O3(s) + 2Cr(s) Solution :
Ans: b) P4(s) + 3NaOH + 3H2O → PH3(g) + 7.5 g of gas occupies a volume of 5.6 liters
at 273K and 1 atm pressure. Therefore, the
.k
3NaH2PO2(aq)
mass of gas that occupies a volume of 22.4
Solution : liters
0 3 1 7.5g

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P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O PH3 + 3NaH2PO2 × 22.4L = 30g

5.6L
12. The equivalent mass of potassium Molar mass of NO (14 + 16) = 30g
permanganate in alkaline medium is
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15. Total number of electrons present in 1.7 g

MnO–4 + 2H2O + 3e– → MnO2 + 4OH– of ammonia is AUG - 2022
a) 31.6 b) 52.7 6.022 ´ 1022

a) 6.022 × 1023 b)
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c) 79 d) None of these 1.7

Ans: b) 52.7
6.022 ´ 10 24
6.022 ´ 1023
c) d)
Solution : 1.7 1.7
The reduction reaction of the oxidising Solution : Ans: a) 6.022 × 1023
agent (MnO4-) involves gain of 3 electrons. No. of electrons present in one ammonia
Hence the equivalent mass = (Molar mass (NH3) molecule (7 + 3) = 10
of KMnO4)/3 = 158.1/3 = 52.7.
No. of moles of ammonia = c) the definition of mass in units of grams

Mass 1.7g d) the mass of one mole of carbon
Ans: d) the mass of one mole of carbon
Molar mass 17gmol 1
19. Two 22.4 litre containers A and B contains
0.1mol
8 g of O2 and 8 g of SO2 respectively at 273
No. of molecules present in 0.1 mol of K and 1 atm pressure, then
ammonia = 0.1 × 6.022 × 1023 = 6.022 × 1022 a) Number of molecules in A and B are
n
No. of electrons present in 0.1 mol of same
ammonia = 10 × 6.022 × 1022 = 6.022 × 1023 b) Number of molecules in B is more than
16.
The correct increasing order of the that in A.
l.i
oxidation state of sulphur in the anions c) The ratio between the number of
2- 2- 2- 2-
SO4 , SO3 , S2O4 ,S2O6 is molecules in A to number of molecules
2- 2- 2- 2-
in B is 2 : 1
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a)
SO3 < SO4 < S2 O4 < S2 O6 d) Number of molecules in B is three times
b)
2-
SO4 < S2 O4 < S2 O6 < SO3
2- 2- 2-
greater than the number of molecules in A.
2- 2- 2- 2- Ans: c) The ratio between the number of
c)
S2 O4 < SO3 < S2 O6 < SO4 molecules in A to number of molecules
2- 2- 2- 2-
d) in B is 2 : 1
S2 O6 < S2 O4 < SO4 < SO3
Solution :
3 4
2-
Ans: c) S2 O4 < SO3 < S2 O6 < SO4
5 6
2- 2-
ka
2-
Solution :
No. of moles of oxygen = 8g/32g
= 0.25 moles of oxygen
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S2 O 42 S O 23 S 2 O 26 S O 24 No. of moles of sulphur dioxide = 8g / 64g
= 0.125 moles of sulphur dioxide
17. The equivalent mass of ferrous oxalate is
Ratio between the no. of molecules
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molar mass of ferrous oxalate
a) = 0.25 : 0.125 = 2 : 1
1
20. What is the mass of precipitate formed
molar
b) mass of ferrous oxalate
when 50 ml of 8.5 % solution of AgNO3 is
2
.k
mixed with 100 ml of 1.865 % potassium

molar mass of ferrous oxalate
c) chloride solution?
3
a) 3.59 g b) 7 g
d) none of these
c) 14 g d) 28 g
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Ans: c) molar mass of ferrous oxalate Solution : Ans: a) 3.59 g

3
Solution : AgNO3 + KCl → KNO3 + AgCl
50 mL of 8.5% solution contains 4.25g of
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2+ 3+ Oxidising 3+ +4
agent
AgNO3
n = 1 + 2(1) = 3 No. of moles of AgNO3 present in 50mL of
8.5% AgNO3 solution
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18. If Avogadro number were changed from

6.022 × 1023 to 6.022 x 1020, this would = Mass/ Molar mass
change = 4.25 / 170 = 0.025 moles
a) the ratio of chemical species to each other Similarly, No. of moles of KCl present in
in a balanced equation 100 mL of 1.865% KCl solution
b) the ratio of elements to each other in a = 1.865 / 74.5
compound
= 0.025 moles
So total amount of AgCl formed is 0.025 No. of moles in 7.5g

moles (based on the stoichiometry) ethane = 7.5 / 30 = 0.25 moles
Amount of AgCl present in 0.025 moles of = 2 × 0.25 × 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms.
AgCl = no. of moles × molar mass 23. Which of the following compound (S) has/
= 0.025 × 143.5 = 3.59g have percentage of carbon same as that in
ethylene (C2H4) Qy-2019 March-2019 & 2023
21. The mass of a gas that occupies a volume
of 612.5 ml at room temperature and a) propene b) ethyne
n
pressure (250C and 1 atm pressure) is 1.1g. c) benzene d) ethane
The molar mass of the gas is Solution : Ans: a) propene
l.i
a) 66.25g mol–1 b) 44 g mol–1 Percentage of carbon in ethylene (C2H4) =
c) 24.5 g mol–1 d) 662.5 g mol–1
mass of carbon
100
Solution : Ans: b) 44 g mol–1 Molar mass
No. of moles of a gas that occupies a
da
24
100 = 85.71%
volume of 612.5 mL at room temperature 28
and pressure (25ºC and 1 atm pressure) Percentage of carbon in propene (C3H6)
= 612.5 × 10–3 L/24.5 Lmol–1 36
100 = 85.71%
= 0.025 moles

We know that,
Molar mass = Mass / no. of moles
= 1.1 g/ 0.025 mol = 44g mol–1
ka 42
24. Which of the following is/are true with
respect to carbon -12.
a) relative atomic mass is 12 u
b) oxidation number of carbon is +4 in all
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22. Which of the following contain same
its compounds.
number of carbon atoms as in 6 g of
c) 1 mole of carbon-12 contain 6.022 × 1022
carbon-12.
carbon atoms.
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a) 7.5 g ethane b) 8 g methane d) all of these
c) both (a) and (b) d) none of these Ans: a) relative atomic mass is 12 u
Solution : Ans: c) both (a) and (b) Solution :
.k
No. of moles of carbon present in 6g of

relative atomic mass of C - 12 is 12 u
C - 12 = Mass/ Molar mass
= 6/12 = 0.5 moles 25. Which one of the following is used as a
standard for atomic mass ? GMQ - 2018
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= 0.5 × 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms.

No. of moles in 7.5g of ethane a) 6C12 b) 7C12
= 7.5/30 = 0.25 moles c) 6C13 d) 6C14
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= 2 × 0.25 × 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms. Ans: a) 6C12

II. Write brief answer to the following questions
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26. Define relative atomic mass. 27. What do you understand by the term
The relative atomic mass is defined as the mole?
ratio of the average atomic mass factor to
One mole is the amount of substance
the unified atomic mass unit.
of a system, which contains as many
Relative atomic mass (Ar) : elementary particles as there are atoms in
Average mass of the atom 12g of C-12 isotopes.
=
Unified atomic mass
28. Define equivalent mass. (iii) Boric acid [H3BO3]

GMQ - 2018 QY - 2018 & 19 May - 2022 B = 1 x 11 = 11
Gram equivalent mass of an element, H = 3 x 1 = 3
compound or ion is the mass that combines
O = 3 x 16 = 48
or displaces 1.008 g hydrogen (or) 8g
oxygen or 35.5g chlorine. 62
29. What do you understand by the term Molar mass of Boricacid : 62g mol–1
oxidation number ? (iv) Sulphuric acid [H2SO4]
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Oxidation number is defined as the S = 1 x 32 = 32
imaginary charge left on the atom when all H = 2 x 1 = 2
l.i
other atoms of the compound have been
O = 4 x 16 = 64
removed in their usual oxidation states that
are assigned according to set of rules. 98
Molar mass of H2SO4 = 98g mol–1
30.
Distinguish between oxidation and
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reduction. HY - 2019 March 2023 32. The density of carbon dioxide is equal to
Oxidation Reduction 1.965 kgm–3 at 273 K and 1 atm pressure.
1. Addition of Removal of Oxygen
Oxygen
Calculate the molar mass of CO2.
2.
3.
4.
Removal of
Hydrogen
Loss of Electrons
Increases in
Addition of
Hydrogen
Gain of Electrons
Decreases in
ka Given :
The density of CO2 at 273K and
1 atm pressure = 1.965 kgm–3
Molar mass of CO2 = ?
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Oxidation number Oxidation number At 273 K and 1 atm pressure,
31. Calculate the molar mass of the following 1 mole of CO2 occupies a volume of 22.4 L
compounds.
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Mass of 1 mole of CO 2 = 1.965Kg ×22.4L
i) Urea [CO(NH2)2] 1m3
ii) Acetone [CH3COCH3] 3 -3 3
iii) Boric acid [H3BO3] = 1.965×10 g × 22.4 × 10 m = 44.01 g
.k
1m 3
iv) Sulphuric acid [H2SO4]
molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g mol–1
(i) Urea [CO(NH2)2]
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33. Which contains the greatest number of

N = 2 x 14 = 28 moles of oxygen atoms
H = 4 x 1 = 4 i) 1 mol of ethanol ii) 1 mol of formic acid
C = 1 x 12 = 12
iii) 1 mol of H2O
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O = 1 x 16 = 16
Given :
60
Molar mass of urea : 60g mol–1 Compound Given no. No. of oxygen
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(ii) Acetone [CH3COCH3] of moles atoms

C = 3 x 12 = 36 Ethanol - C2H5OH 1 1 × 6.022 × 1023
H = 6 x 1 = 6 Formic acid - 1 2 × 6.022 × 1023
HCOOH
O = 1 x 16 = 16
Water - H2O 1 1 × 6.022 × 1023
58
Molar mass of acetone = 58g mol–1 Answer : Formic acid
34. Calculate the average atomic mass of naturally occurring magnesium using the following
data
Isotope Isotopic atomic mass Abundance

(%)
Mg24 23.99 78.99
Mg25 24.99 10.00
Mg26 25.98 11.01
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Solution :
Average atomic mass = (78.99×23.99) + (10×24.99) + (11.01× 25.98)
l.i
100
2430.9
= = 24.31u
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100
35. In a reaction x + y + z2 → xyz2 identify the Limiting reagent if any, in the following reaction
mixtures.
(a) 200 atoms of x + 200 atoms of y + 50 molecules of z2
(b) 1mol of x + 1 mol of y+3 mol of z2
(c) 50 atoms of x + 25 atoms of y+50 molecules of z2
(d) 2.5 mol of x + 5 mol of y + 5 mol of z2
Solution :
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Reaction : x + y + z2 → xyz2
Number of moles of reactants Number of moles of reactants
allowed to react consumed during reaction Limiting
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Question
reagent
x y z2 x y z2
200 200 50 50 50 50
a) z2
.k
atoms atoms molecules atoms atoms molecules

b) 1 mol 1 mol 3 mol 1 mol 1 mol 1 mol x and y
50 25
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c) 50 atoms 25 atoms 25 atoms 25 atoms y

molecules molecules
d) 2.5 mol 5 mol 5 mol 2.5 mol 2.5 mol 2.5 mol x
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36. Mass of one atom of an element is 6.645 x 10-23 g. How many moles of element are there in
0.320 kg.
Solution :
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Given : mass of one atom = 6.645 × 10-23g

∴ Mass of 1 mole of atom = 6.645 × 10-23g × 6.022 × 1023 = 40g
∴ number of moles of element in 0.320 kg = = = 8 mol
37. What is the difference between molecular mass and molar mass? Calculate the molecular
mass and molar mass for carbon monoxide.
Solution :
Molecular mass Molar mass
1. The relative molecular mass is defined as the Molar mass is defined as the mass of a one
ratio of the mass of a molecule to the unified mole of a substance.
atomic mass unit.
2. The relative molecular mass of any compound Molar mass of a compound is equal to sum of
n
can be calculated by adding the relative the relative masses of its constituents.
atomic masses of its constituent atoms.
l.i
3. It is expressed in ‘u’ It is expressed in gmol–1
Molecular mass of CO = 12 + 16 = 28 u Molar mass of CO = 28 gmol–1
38. What is the empirical formula of the following ? QY - 2018
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i) Fructose (C6H12O6) found in honey
ii) Caffeine (C8H10N4O2) a substance found in tea and coffee.
Solution :
Compound
Fructose
Caffeine
Molecular formula
C6H12O6
C8H10N4O2
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Empirical formula
CH2O
C4H5N2O
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39. The reaction between aluminium and ferric oxide can generate temperatures up to 3273 K
and is used in welding metals. (Atomic mass of Al = 27 u Atomic mass of O = 16 u)
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2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe; If, in this process, 324 g of aluminium is allowed to react with
1.12 kg of ferric oxide.
i) Calculate the mass of Al2O3 formed.
.k
ii) How much of the excess reagent is left at the end of the reaction?
Solution :
2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe
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Reactants Products
Al Fe2O3 Al2O3 Fe
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Amount of reactant allowed to react 324g 1.12 kg - -

Number of moles allowed to react 3 - -
=12 mol 1.12 10 = 7mol
324
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27 160
Stoichiometric Co-efficient 2 1 1 2
Number of moles consumed during reaction 12 mol 6 mol - -
Number of moles of reactant unreacted - 1 mol 6 mol 12 mol
and number of moles of product formed
Molar of Al2O3 formed

= 6 mol x 102g mol 2 3
-1 Al O

= 612 g (2×27)+3(×16)
54+48= 102

Excess reagent = Fe2O3
Amount of excess reagent left at the end of the reaction = 1 mol x 160 g mol–1
Fe2O3
n

= 160 g (2×56)+(3×16) = 160 g
112+48= 160
l.i

40. How many moles of Ethane is required to produce 44 g of CO2(g) after combustion ?
Solution : QY - 2019
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Balanced equation for the combustion of ethane
C2H6 + 7/2 O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O ⇒ 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O
To produce 4 moles of CO2, 2 moles of ethane is required
∴ To produce 1 mole (44 g) of CO2 required

2 mol ethane
number of moles of ethane = 4 mol CO x 1 mol CO2

2
ka
= 1/2 mole of ethane = 0.5 mole of ethane
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41. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidising agent. It oxidises ferrous ion to ferric ion and reduced
itself to water. Write a balanced equation.
Solution :
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1 2
H 2O2 Fe 2 Fe 3 + + H 2 O 2+ 3+
H 2O2 + 2Fe Ȣ Fe + H 2 O
H O + 2Fe2+ +2H + Ȣ 2Fe3++ 2H O
2 2 2
.k

(1e ×2) 1e
42. Calculate the empirical and molecular formula of a compound containing 76.6% carbon,
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6.38 % hydrogen and rest oxygen its vapour density is 47. MAR - 2019 SEP -2020 AUG - 2022
Solution :
Element Percentage Atomic mass Relative number of atoms Simple ratio Whole no.
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76.6 6.38
C 76.6 12 = 6.38 =6 6
12 1.06
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6.38 6.38
H 6.38 1 = 6.38 =6 6
1 1.06
17.02 1.06
O 17.02 16 = 1.06 =1 1
16 1.06
Empirical formula = C6H6O 2 vapour density

Molar mass
=
94
n=
Calculated empirical formula mass
2 47
= =1
94
∴ Molecular formula ( C6H6O) × 1 = C6H6O
43. A Compound on analysis gave Na = 14.31% S = 9.97% H= 6.22% and O= 69.5% calculate
n
the molecular formula of the compound if all the hydrogen in the compound is present
in combination with oxygen as water of crystallization. (molecular mass of the
l.i
compound is 322). March-2023
Solution :
Element % Relative number of atoms Simple ratio
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14.31 0.62
Na 14.31 = 0.62 =2
23 0.31
H
9.97
6.22
9.97
32
6.22
ka
= 0.31
= 6.22
0.31
0.31
6.22
=1
= 20
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1 0.31
69.5 4.34
O 69.5 = 4.34 = 14
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16 0.31
Empirical formula = Na2 SH20 O14 Na2 SH20 O14

.k
Molar mass 322 = (2 × 23) + (1 × 32) + (20 × 1) + 14(16)

n= = = 1 = 46 + 32 + 20 + 224
Calculated empirical formula mass 322 = 322
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Molecular formula = Na2SH20O14

Since all the hydrogen in the compound present as water
∴ Molecular formula is Na2SO4.10H2O
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44. Balance the following equations by oxidation number method. QY 2019 March-2023
(i) K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + I2 + H2O

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(ii) KMnO4 + Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH

(iii) Cu + HNO3 → Cu (NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O
(iv) KMnO4 + H2C2O4 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O
Solution :
6 1 3 0
(i) K 2 Cr2 O7 + K I + H 2 SO 4 K 2 SO 4 + Cr 2 (SO 4 )3 + I 2 + H 2 O
- -
2×3e 1e
⇒ K2Cr2O7 + 6KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + I2 + H2O
⇒ K2Cr2O7 + 6KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + 3I2 + H2O
n
⇒ K2Cr2O7 + 6KI + 7H2SO4 → 4K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + 3I2 + 7H2O
l.i
7 4 4 6
(ii) K M nO4 + Na 2 SO + M nO2 + Na 2 SO 4 + KOH
3
da
3e- 2e-
⇒ 2KMnO4 + 3Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH
-
⇒ 2KMnO4 + 3Na2SO3 → 2MnO2 + 3Na2SO4 + KOH

0
⇒ 2KMnO4 + 3Na2SO3 + H2O → 2MnO2 + 3Na2SO4 + 2KOH
5 2 4
iii) Cu+ H N O C u (NO ) + N O + H O
3 3 2 2 2
ka
vi
2e- 1e- QY 2019
⇒ Cu + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O

⇒ Cu + 2HNO3 + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
al
⇒ Cu + 4HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O

7 3 2 4
.k
iv) K M nO +H
4 2 C 2 O 4 + H 2SO 4 K 2 SO 4 + M nSO 4 + C O 2 + H 2O
5e- 1e- ×
2
w
⇒ 2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O

⇒ 2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 10CO2 + H2O
w
⇒ 2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 10CO2 + 8H2O
45. Balance the following equations by ion electron method.

w
(i) KMnO4 + SnCl2 + HCl → MnCl2 + SnCl4 + H2O + KCl

(ii) C2O42– + Cr2 O72– → Cr3+ + CO2 (in acid medium)
(iii) Na2 S2 O3 + I2 → Na2 S4O6 + NaI
(iv) Zn + NO3– → Zn2+ + NO (in acid medium)
Solution :
i) Half reaction are
+7
MnO-4 Mn 2+ ................. (1)

and Sn2+ → Sn4+ ............... (2)
(1) ⇒ MnO4– + 8H+ + 5e– → Mn2+ + 4H2O
n
(2) ⇒ Sn2+ → Sn4+ + 2e–
l.i
(1) 2 2MnO- +16H+ + 10e
- 2Mn2+ + 8H O
4 2
(2) 5 5Sn 2+
5Sn 4+ +10e -
da
(1) + (2) ⇒ 2MnO–4 + 5Sn2++16H+→2Mn2++5Sn4+ +8H2O
⇒ 2KMnO-4 + 5SnCl2+ 16HCl → 2MnCl2 + 5SnCl4+ 8H2O
3 4
ii) C O 2- C O ................ (1)
2 4
6
7
3
2
Cr2 O 2- Cr ................ (2)
(1) ⇒ C2O42– → 2CO2 + 2e–

ka ............. (3)
vi
Cr2O72– + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O ............... (4)
(3) × 3 ⇒ 3C2O42– → 6CO2 + 6e– ............... (5)
al
Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O ........... (4)
(5) + (4) Cr2O72– + 3C2O42– + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 6CO2 + 7H2O

.k
iii) Na2 S2 O3 + I2 → Na2 S4O6 + Nal

S2O32– → S4O62– ........... (1)
w
Half reaction I2 → I– ............. (2)

(1) 2S O 2 S O 2 + 2e
- ..........(3)
2 3 4 6
w
-
(2) I2 2e 2I- ..........(4)
(3) + (4) ⇒ 2S2O32- + I2 → S4O62- + 2I-
w
2Na2S2O3+ I2 → 2Na2S4O62 + 2NaI

iv) Zn + NO3- → Zn2+ + NO

0
Z n →Zn2+ ............... (1)
+5 - +2
N O →NO ............... (2)
3
(1) ⇒ Zn → Zn2+ + 2e– ........... (3)

(2) ⇒ NO3– + 3e– + 4H+ → NO + 2H2O ......... (4)
(3) 3 3Zn -
3Zn 2+ + +6e ......... (5)
- 8H 2NO+4H O ............(6)

(4) × 2 2NO3- + 6e
2
3Zn 2 2NO + 4H O
(5) + (6) ⇒ 3Zn 2NO3- 8H

2
n
III. Evaluate Yourself
l.i
1. By applying the knowledge of chemical classification, classify each of the following into
elements, compounds, or mixtures.
i) Sugar ii) Sea water iii) Distilled water iv) Carbon dioxide
da
v) Copper wire vi) Table salt vii) Silver plate viii) Naphthalene balls
Solution :
i) Element - Copper wire, Silver plate
ii) Compound - Sugar, distilled water, carbon dioxide, Table salt, Naphthalene balls.
iii) Mixture - Sea water
2. Calculate the relative molecular mass of the following.
i) Ethanol (C2H5OH)
ka
ii) Potassium permanganate (KMnO4)
vi
iii) Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) iv) Sucrose (C12H22O11)
Solution :
i) C2H5OH : (2×12)+(5×1) + (1×16) + (1×1) = 46 g
al
ii) KMnO4 : (1×39) + (1×55) + (4×16) = 158 g

iii) K2Cr2O7 : (2×39) + (2×52) + (7×16) = 294 g
.k
iv) C12H22O11 : (12×12) + (22×1) + (11×16) = 342 g

3. a) Calculate the number of moles present in 9g of ethane.
b) Calculate the number of molecules of oxygen gas that occupies a volume of 224 ml at
w
273 K and 3 atm pressure.

Solution :
a) Molar mass of ethane, C2H6 = (2 x 12) + (6 x 1) = 30 g mol-1
w
n = mass / molar mass = 9g / 30 mol-1= 0.3 mole

b) At 273 K and 1 atm pressure 1 mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4L
∴ number of moles of oxygen, that occupies a volume of 224 ml at 273 K and 3 atm pressure.
w
1 mole x 0.224 L x 273K x 3 atm = 0.03 mole

=
273 K x 1 atm x 22.4L
1 Mole of oxygen contains 6.022x 1023 molecules
0.03 mole of oxygen contains = 6.022 x 1023 x 0.03
= 1.807 x 1022 molecules of oxygen
4. a) 0.456g of a metal gives 0.606g of its chloride Calculate the equivalent mass of the metal.
b) Calculate the equivalent mass of potassium dichromate. The reduction half-reaction in
acid medium is Cr2O2–7 + 14H+ + 6e– → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O
Solution :
a) Mass of the metal = 0.456g
Mass of the metal chloride = 0.606g
0.456g of the metal combines with 0.15g of chlorine.
Mass of the metal that combines with 35.5g of chlorine is 0.456 × 35.5 = 107.92g eq–1
n
0.15
Molar mass
l.i
b) Equivalent mass of an oxidising agent = number of moles of electrons gained by
one mole of the reducing agent
-1
294.18 mol 1
49.0g eq
da
-1
6 eq mol
5. A compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition C=54.55%, H = 9.09%,

O = 36.36%. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
Solution :
Element
C
Percentage
Composition
54.55%
Atomic
Mass
12
ka
Relative no. of atoms= Percentage
Atomic mass
54.55 / 12 = 4.55
Simple ratio
4.55/2.27 = 2
vi
H 9.09% 1 9.09 / 1 = 9.09 9.09 / 2.27 = 4
O 36.36% 16 36.36 / 16 = 2.27 2.27 / 2.27 = 1
al
6. Experimental analysis of a compound containing the elements x,y,z on analysis gave the
following data. x = 32%, y = 24%, z = 44%. The relative number of atoms of x,y, and z are 2,
1 and 0.5, respectively. (Molecular mass of the compound is 400 g) find out.
.k
i) The atomic masses of the element x,y,z ii) Empirical formula of the compound and
iii) Molecular formula of the compound.
Solution :
w
Relative no. of atoms= Atomic mass =

Percentage Percentage Percentage
Element Simple ratio
Composition Atomic mass Relative no. of atoms
w
X 32% 2 16 4
Y 24% 1 24 2
Z 44% 0.5 88 1
w
Empirical formula (X4Y2Z)
calculated empirical formula mass = (16×4) + (24×2) + 88

= 64 + 48 + 88 = 200
Molar mass 400
n= n = =2
Calculated empirical formula mass 200
∴ Molecular formula (X4Y2Z)2 = X8Y4Z2
7. The balanced equation for a reaction is given below 2x + 3y → 4l + m. When 8 moles of

x react with 15 moles of y, then
I) Which is the limiting reagent?
ii) Calculate the amount of products formed.
iii) Calculate the amount of excess reactant left at the end of the reaction.
Solution :
n
Reactant Products
Content
x y l m
l.i
Stoichiometric coefficient 2 3 4 1
No. of moles allowed to react 8 15 - -
da
No. of moles of reactant reacted and product formed 8 12 16 4
No. of moles of un-reacted reactants and the product formed - 3 16 4
Limiting reagent : x

Product formed : 16 moles of l & 4 moles of m
Amount of excess reactant : 3 moles of y
ka
8. Balance the following equation using oxidation number method
vi
As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O → H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO GMQ - 2018
Solution :
+3 -2 +5 +5 +6 +2
al
As 2S3 + HNO 3 →H 3AsO 4+ H 2SO4+NO
_ _ _
2 × 2e 3 × 8e 3e
.k
_ + _
4e 24e
_
28e
w
Equate the total no. of electrons in the reactant side by cross multiplying,
⇒ 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 → H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO
Based on reactant side, balance the products
w
⇒ 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 → 6H3AsO4 + 9H2SO4 + 28 NO

Product side : 36 hydrogen atoms & 88 oxygen atoms
w
Reactant side : 28 hydrogen atoms & 84 oxygen atoms

Difference is 8 hydrogen atoms & 14 oxygen atoms
∴ Add 4H2O molecule on the reactant side. Balanced equation is,
3As2S3 + 28HNO3 + 4H2O → 6H3AsO4 + 9H2SO4 + 28 NO
IV. PROBLEMS -(2/3/5 Marks)

BOOK EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. An acid found in Tamarind on analysis shows the following percentage composition : 32%
Carbon: 4% Hydrogen : 64% Oxygen. Find the empirical formula of the compound.
Solution :
Molar Relative no. of Simplest ratio
Element Percentage Simplest ratio
n
Mass moles (in whole nos)
32 2.66
C 32 12 = 2.66 =1 2
l.i
12 2.66
4 4
H 4 1 =4 = 1.5 3
1 2.66
da
64 4
O 64 16 =4 = 1.5 3
16 2.66
The empirical formula is C2H3O3
Solution :
Atomic
ka
2. An organic compound present in vinegar has 40% carbon, 6.6% hydrogen and 53.4% oxygen.
Find the empirical formula of the compound.
Relative no. of Simplest ratio

vi
Element Percentage Simplest ratio
Mass moles (in whole no)
40 3.3
C 40 12 = 3.3 =1 1
al
12 3.3
6.6 6.6
H 6.6 1 = 6.6 =2 2
1 3.3
.k
53.4 3.3
O 53.4 16 = 3.3 =1 1
16 3.3
w
The empirical formula is CH2O3

5
3. How many moles of hydrogen (H) is 3 moles of H 2 10 moles of NH
required to produce 10 moles of ammonia? 3
w
2 moles of NH3
Solution :
= 15 Moles of hydrogen are required
The balanced stoichiometric equation for
4.
Calculate the amount of water
the formation of ammonia is
w
produced by the combustion of 32g of

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g) methane. QY-2018
As per the stoichiometric equation, to Solution :

produce 2 mole of ammonia, 3 moles of CH4(g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
hydrogen are required ∴ to produce 10 As per the stoichiometric equation,
moles of ammonia. Combustion of 1 mole (16g) CH4 produces
2 moles (2 x 18 = 36g) of water.
C H4 22.4 litres of chlorine gas are required.

(12) +(4 × 1) = 16g mol
-1 ∴ To produce 11.2 litres of HCl,
22.4 L Cl2 1
H2 O 11.2 L of HCl
44.8 L of HCl
-1
4
(2×1) + (1×16) = 18g mol = 5.6 litres of chlorine are required.

Combustion of 32g CH4 produces 7. Calculate the percentage composition
36 g H2O of the elements present in magnesium
n
= 32 g CH 4 = 72 g of water carbonate. How many kilogram of CO2
16 g CH 4
can be obtained by heating 1 kg of 90%
l.i
5. How much volume of carbon dioxide is pure magnesium carbonate.
produced when 50 g of calcium carbonate Solution :
is heated completely under standard The balanced chemical equation is
conditions?
da
MgCO3

MgO CO 2
Solution :
The balanced chemical equation is, Molar mass of MgCO3 is 84g mol-1
CaCO3 (s) Δ CaO(s) + CO 2 (g) Mass of the element in the compound
Molar mass of the compound
100
Ca CO3
(40) +(12) + (3×16) = 100 g mol

As per stoichiometric equation, 1 mole
(100g) CaCO3 on heating produces 1 moles
-1
ka

% of Mg =
% of C =
24
84
12
84
×100=28.57%
×100=14.29%
vi
CO2. % of O = 100 - (% of Mg + %C)
At STP, 1 mole of CO2 occupies a volume = 100 - (28.57+14.29)
of 22.71 litres. = 100 - 42.86
al
∴ At STP, 50g of CaCO3 on heating % of O = 57.14%

produces, 90% of pure of 1kg MgCO3
22.71 litres of CO2 × 50 g CaCO3
.k
90
100g CaCO3 = 1kg = 0.9kg
2 100

MgCO3
MgO CO 2
= 11.35 litres of CO2
w
As per equation, 84g of pure MgCO3 on

6. How much volume of chlorine is required
heating gives 44g of CO2
to form 11.2L of HCl at 273 K and 1 atm
pressure? 0.9 kg of pure MgCO3 on heating
w
Solution : 44g 0.9kg

= 0.471kg of 2CO2
0.471kgCO
The balanced equation for the formation of 84g
HCl is 8. In a process
w
H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g) 646g of ammonia is allowed to react with

As per the stoichiometric equation, under 1.144kg of CO2 to form urea.
given conditions, 1. If the entire quantity of all the reactants is
To produce 2 moles of HCl, not consumed in the reaction which is the
1 mole of chlorine gas is required limiting reagent?
To produce 44.8 litres of HCl,
2. Calculate the quantity of urea formed and unreacted quantity of the excess reagent.

The balanced equation is 2NH3 + CO2 → H2NCONH2+ H2O
Solution :
1. The entire quantity of ammonia is consumed in the reaction. So ammonia is the limiting
reagent. Some quantity of CO2 remains unreacted, so CO2 is the excess reagent.
Reactants Products
NH3 CO2 Urea H2O
n
Stoichiometric coefficients 2 1 1 1
l.i
Number of moles of reactants allowed to 646 1144
react 17 44
M ass - -
n= = 38 = 26
da
M olar m ass
moles moles
Actual number of moles consumed during 38 19
- -
reaction Ratio (2:1) moles moles
No. of moles of product thus formed - - 19 moles 19 moles
No. of moles of reactant left at the end of the
reaction
2. Quantity of urea formed
ka - 7 moles - -
vi
= number of moles of urea formed × molar mass of urea
= 19 moles x 60 g mol-1
= 1140 g = 1.14 kg
al
Excess reagent leftover at the end of the reaction is carbon dioxide.
Amount of carbon dioxide leftover
= number of moles of CO2 left over × molar mass of CO2
.k
= 7 moles x 44g mol-1 = 308 g.

Part-II – GMQ & GOVT. EXAM QUESTION AND ANSWERS
w
I. Choose the correct answer 2. Match the List I with List II correctly by
using the code given below the list.
1. The equivalent mass of a divalent metal QY - 2018
element is 10g eq–1. The molar mass of its
w
anhydrous oxide is GMQ-2018 List I

List II (Amount
a) 46g b) 36g (No. of moles)
c) 52g d) none of these
w
A 0.1 mole 1 4480 ml of CO2

Ans: c) 52 g B 0.2 mole 2 200 mg of hydrogen gas
Solution :
Atomic mass of divalent metal is equal C 0.25 mole 3 9 ml of water
to 2 multiple of atomic mass of metal + 2 1.51 × 1023 molecules of
D 0.5 mole 4
multiple of atomic mass of oxygen. oxygen
a) A - 2, B - 3,C - 4, D - 1
3 moles of H2 5
b) A - 4, B - 3, C - 1, D - 2 = ´ 10 moles of NH3
c) A - 3, B - 1, C - 4, D - 2 2 moles of NH3

d) A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3
= 15 moles of hydrogen are required
Ans: d) A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3
Solution : 3. Define limiting reagent.
Number of moles is equal to Mass / Molar GMQ-2018 QY-2018 AUG - 2022
mass Number of moles is equal to Volume When a reaction is carried out using
n
molar volume. non-stoichiometric quantities of the
3. The oxidation number of chromium in reactants, the product yield will be
l.i
dichromate ion is QY - 2018 determined by the reactant that is
a) + 4 b) + 6 completely consumed. It limits the further
c) + 5 d) 0 reaction from taking place and is called as
the limiting reagent.
da
Ans: b) + 6
4. The empirical formula of glucose is : 4. What is combination reaction ? Give
HY - 2019 example. HY-2019
a) CH2O b) CHO When two or more substance combine to
c) CH2O2 d) CH3O2 form a single substance, the reactions are
a) 0.46 g

b) 4.6 g
Ans: a) CH2O
5. The relative molecular mass of ethanol is
SEP - 2020
ka combination reactions.
Oxidation
+4
vi
c) 460 g d) 46 g 0
Ans: d) 46g C + O2 CO2
II. Two and Three Marks Questions
0 –2
al
Reduction
1. Write the electronic concept of oxidation
and reduction reactions. QY - HY - 2018
The process can be explained on the basis 5. Define basicity. Find the basicity of
.k
of electrons. The reaction involving loss of ortho-phosphoric acid. SEP - 2020
electron is termed oxidation. (i) Basicity : The number of replaceable

Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e– (loss of electron-oxidation). hydrogen atoms present in a molecule of
w
The reaction involving gain of electron is the acid is referred to as its basicity.
termed reduction. (ii) Basicity of ortho-phosphoric acid - H3PO4
Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu (gain of electron- H
w
reduction). O O
2. How many moles of hydrogen is required
to produce 10 moles of ammonia ? H P
w
H
HY-2018
O O
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
To produce 2 moles of ammonia, 3 moles of The number of Hydrogen atoms bonded
hydrogen are required to the oxygen atoms in this compound is 3.
Therefore, the basicity of ortho-phosphoric
To produce 10 moles of ammonia
acid is 3.
III. PROBLEMS CH3 and its mass is 15

Now to calculate n we have 30/15 = 2
1. Statement 1: Two mole of glucose contains
12.044 × 1023 molecules of glucose so molecular formula is CH3 × 2 = C2H6
Statement 2 : Total number of entities 5. X2 + 3Y2 → 2XY3 In this reaction 2 moles
present in one mole of any substance is of X2 and 4.5 moles of Y2 react to give
equal to 6.02 × 1022. products. Which is the limiting agent and
Whether the above statements are true ? calculate the no. of moles of X2. Y2 and XY3
n
Is there any relation between these two in the reaction mixture? QY - 2019
statements ? GMQ-2018
Solution: X2 + 3Y2 → 2XY3
Solution:
l.i
The statements 1 & 2 are true. But there is No. of moles 2 4.5 ?
no relation between statement 1 and SC 1 3 2
statement 2. ratio 2/1 4.5/3 -
2(ER) 1.5(LR) -
da
2. Calculate the total number of electrons nX 2 nY2 nXY3
present in 17g of ammonia. GMQ-2018 mole - mole = = =
Solution: 1 3 2
No. of electrons present in one ammonia 2 4.5 nXY3
= = = = 3moles
(NH3) molecule (7 + 3) = 10 1 3 2
No. of moles of NH3 =

=
Mass
Molar mass
17g
17g mol -1
= 1 mol
ka No. of moles of 2XY3 = 3 moles.
6. Calculate the equivalent mass of H2SO4.
Solution: MAR - 2019
vi
–1
H2SO4 basicity = 2eq mol
No. of molecules present in 1 mol of NH3 Molar mass of H2SO4= (2× 1)+(1 × 32)+(4 × 16)
= 6.023 × 1023
= 98 g mol–1
No. of electrons present in 1 mol of NH3
al
= 10 × 6.023 × 1023
98
Gram equivalent of H2SO4 = = 49 g eq–1.
= 6.023 × 1024 2
7. A compound having the empirical formula
.k
3. Calculate the oxidation states of oxygen in

C6H6O has the vapour density 47. Find its
H2O2 and KO2. QY - 2019 MAR - 2019
Molecular formula. March - 2019
Solution: Solution:
w
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is –1 Empirical Formula = C6H6O

2 (+ 1) + 2x = 0 ; ⇒ 2x = – 2 ; ⇒ x = – 1 Molar mass
Super oxides such as KO2 is = –1/2 n=
calculated empirical formula mass
w
+ 1 + 2x = 0 ; ⇒ 2x = – 1 ; ⇒ x = – 1/2.
2 ´ vapour density 2 ´ 47
4. Calculate the empirical and molecular = = =1
94 94
formula of the compound containing 80%
Carbon, 20% Hydrogen. If the molecular Molecular formula (C6H6O)×1=C6H6O
w
mass of the compound is 30 then determine 8. Calculate the oxidation number of

the molecular formula. QY - 2019 underlined elements. MAY - 2022
Solution: (i) CO2 (ii) H2SO4
For C ⇒ 80/12 = 6.6 i) CO2 = X + 2(–2) = 0 ⇒ X = + 4
for H ⇒ 20/1 = 20 now divide 6.6 and 20 by
ii) H2SO4 = 2(+1) + X + 4(–2) = 0
6.6 to get simple whole no. ratio of C and H
which will come 1:3 so empirical formula is 2 + X – 8 = 0, X = + 6
Part-III – ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

I. Choose the best answer Solution :
a) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO Reactant Product
1. Which of the following contains maximum
number of molecules at STP? Mg O2 MgO
a) 100 cc of CO2 b) 150 cc of N2 Stoichiometric
2 1 2
c) 50 cc of SO2 d) 200 cc of NH3 Coefficient
n
Solution : Ans: d) 200 cc of NH3 1 0.56
d) 22,400cc of any gas at STP contains same No. of moles allowed 24 32 -
to burnt
number of molecules ie., 6.022 × 1023.
l.i
= 0.0416 = 0.0175
Hence, larger volume at STP, greater is the mol mol
number of molecules. No. of moles of
reactant reacted and 0.035 0.0175 0.035
da
2. Number of atoms of oxygen present in product formed
10.6g Na2CO3 will be No. of moles of un-
a) 6.02 x 1022 b) 12.04 x 1022 reacted and product 0.0066 - 0.035
c) 1.806 x 1023 d) 31.80 x 1028 formed
Solution : Ans: c) 1.806 × 1023 Mass of Mg left in excess = 0.0066 x 24 = 0.16 g
c) Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106g mol-1
No. of moles of Na2CO3
= 10.6 = 0.1 mol

ka 5. The volume of CO2 released at STP on
heating 9.85g of BaCO3 (Atomic mass,
Ba=137) will be
vi
106 a) 1.12 l b) 2.24 l
= 0.1 × 6.022 x 1023 molecules c) 4.06 l d) 0.84 l
Solution : Ans: a) 1.12 l
= 3 × 0.1 × 6.022 × 1023 atoms of O
al
d) BaCO3 → BaO + CO2
= 1.806 × 1023 (M.M of BaCO3 = 197g mol-1)
3. Which has maximum number of atoms? As per equation, 197g of BaCO3 gives
.k
a) 1gm atom of Nitrogen 1mol of CO2 ie., 22.4L

b) one mole of water 22.4L ´ 9.85
9.85g of BaCO3 gives = = 1.12L
c) one mole of sodium 197
w
d) one molecule of H2SO4 6. How many moles of magnesium

Solution : Ans: c) one mole of sodium phosphate, Mg3(PO4)2 will contain
c) 1gm atom nitrogen = 14g; 1mole Na = 23g 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?
w
One mole H2O = 18g a) 1.25 × 10–2 b) 2.5 × 10–2

98 c) 0.02 d) 3.125 × 10–2
One molecules of H2SO4 = g
6.022 ´ 1023 Solution : Ans: d) 3.125 × 10–2
w
4. 1g of magnesium is burnt with 0.56g 6. b) 1 mol of Mg3(PO4)2 contains 8 moles of

oxygen atoms
oxygen in a closed vessel. Which reactant
is left in excess and how much? ∴ 8 moles of oxygen atoms
a) Mg 0.16 g b) O2, 0.16 g = 1 mole of Mg3(PO4)2
c) Mg, 0.44 g d) O2, 0.28 g 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms = 1/8 × 0.25
Ans: a) Mg 0.16g = 3.125 × 10-2 mol of Mg3(PO4)2
7. The total number of atoms of all elements Solution :

present in one mole af ammonium c) 1 mole (NH4)2Cr2O7 contains 2 atoms of N
dichromate is 8 atoms of H
a) 19 b) 6.023 x 1023 2 atoms of Cr and 7 atoms of O
23
c) 114.437 x 10 d) 84.322 x 1023
Ans: c) 114.437 × 1023 So, total (2 + 8 + 2 + 7) x 6.022 x 1023
= 114.437 × 1023
8. 25.4g of I2 and 14.2g of Cl2 are made to react completely to yield a mixture of ICl and ICl3.
n
Calculate the moles of ICl and ICl3 formed
a) 0.1, 0.1 b) 0.2, 0.2 c) 0.1, 0.2 d) 0.2, 0.1
l.i
Ans: c) 0.1, 0.2
Solution :
da
c) I2 + 2Cl2 → ICl + ICl3 Reactant Product
I2 Cl2 ICI ICI3

Stoichiometric coefficient 1 2 1 1
No. of moles allowed to react
No. of moles of reactant reacted and

product formed
ka 25.4
254
= 0.1
0.1 mol
14.2
71
= 0.2 mol
0.2 mol
-
0.1
-
0.1
vi
No. of moles of unreacted reactant and
- - 0.1 0.1
product formed
Solution :
al
9. The amount of Zinc required to produce
224ml of H2 at STP on treatment with dil. b) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
H2SO4 will be As per equation, 100g of CaCO3 on heating
gives 44g of CO2
.k
a) 6.5 g b) 0.65 g ∴ 10g of CaCO3 on heating gives

44 ´ 10
= 4.4g
c) 65 g d) 0.065 g 100
Ans: b) 0.65 g 11. Volume occupied by one molecule of
w
Solution : water (Density = 1 g cm-3)

b) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2 a) 9 x 10-23 cm3 b) 6.023 x 10-23 cm3
At STP, 22, 400 ml of H2 is liberated from c) 3 x 10-23 cm3 d) 5.5 x 10-23 cm3
w
65g of Zn with H2SO4 Ans: c) 3 × 10–23 cm3

∴ 224ml of H2 is liberated from Solution :
65 ´ 224 Mass
= 0.65g of Zn
w
22400 c) Density =
Volume
10. 10 g of CaCO3 gives on strong heating 1 gram
CO2 and quick lime. The mass of quick Volume = -3
= 1cm 3
lime is 1 gram cm
a) 5 g b) 4.4 g Volume occupied by
c) 5.6 g d) 4 g 1 gram water = 1 cm3
Ans: b) 4.4 g
6.022 ´ 1023 Solution :

(or) Volume occupied by b) Let the atomic mass of metal is M
18
molecules of water = 1cm3 Element % Atomic mass Relative number of moles
M 50 M 50/M = 1
Thus, Volume occupied by 1 molecule of O 50 16 50/16 = 2
water
Since the formula MO2
1 ´ 18
is = 3 × 10-23 cm3.
n
50
6.022 ´ 1023 M1

12. One mole of magnesium nitride on the 50 2

l.i
16
reaction with an excess of water gives.
Atomic mass of metal = 32
a) two moles of ammonia
For second oxide
b) one mole of nitric acid
da
c) one mole of ammonia Element % Atomic Relative number Simplest
d) two moles of nitric acid mass of moles ratio
Ans: a) two moles of ammonia 40 1.25
M 40 32 = 1.25 =1
Solution : 32 1.25
a) Mg 3 N 2 + 6H 2O ® 3Mg ( OH )2 + 2NH3
13. A compound made up of two elements A
and B is found in contains 25% A (atomic
mass = 12.5) and 75% B (atomic mass = 37.5).
ka
O 60 16
Formula for second oxide is MO3

60
16
= 3.75
3.75
1.25
=3
vi
The simplest formula of the compound is
15. The mass of water formed by combustion
a) AB b) AB2 of 16 g of methane is
c) AB3 d) A3B a) 36 g b) 0.5 g
al
Ans: a) AB c) 22 g d) 18 g
Ans: a) 36 g
Solution :
.k
a) The simplest formula is AB Solution :

Element % Atomic Relative number Simplest a) CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
mass of moles ratio
As per equation, 16g of CH4 on
w
25
A 25 12.5 =2 1 combustion gives 2 moles of CO2 ie.,
12.5
2 × 18 = 36g
75
w
B 75 37.5 =2 1 16. The number of electrons required to

37.5
balance the following equation
NO3– + 4H+ + e– → 2H2O + NO is
14. Two oxides of a metal contain 50% and
w
40% metal (M) respectively. If the formula a) 5 b) 4

of first oxide is MO2 the formula of second c) 3 d) 2
oxide will be Ans: c) 3
a) MO2 b) MO3 Solution :
c) M2O d) M2O5 +
Ans: b) MO3
NO 3+ 4H + 3e 2H2O + NO
17. Consider the following reaction, 20. The oxidation state of S in Na2S4O6 is
5H2O2 + X ClO2 + 2OH → XCl– + YO2 + 6H2O a) 1.5 b) 2.5
a) X = 5, Y = 2 b) X = 2, Y = 5 c) 3 d) 2
c) X = 4, Y = 10 d) X = 5, Y =5 Ans: b) 2.5
Ans: b) X = 2, Y = 5 Solution :
Solution : b) Na2 S4 O6 ⇒
b) XC1O2 + 5H2O2 + XOH– → XCl– + YO2 + 6H2O 2(1) + 4x + 6 (-2) = 0
n
(Cl O + 5e-
+4
2
(
Cl - x 2 4x = 10
x 10 2.5
l.i
(H2 O 2-1 O 2+ 2e- x 5 4
(
_

2ClO2 + 5H2O2 2Cl + 5O2 21. Which is not disproportionation reaction?
Al(OC2 H5)3
da
To Balance O, Add 2H2O to RHS a) CHO COOCH 2
-
2ClO2 + 5H2O2 → 2Cl + 5O2 + 4H2O _
CHO CH2OH COO
To balance H, add 2H2O to b) + OH Ȣ
_
_
+ _
COOH COO COO
RHS and 2OH- to LHS c) NaH + H2O → NaOH + H2
2ClO2 + 5H2O2 + 2OH →
2Cl- + 5O2 + 4H2O + H2O
2ClO2 + 5H2O2 + 2 OH
-

2Cl + 5O2 + 6H2O
ka d) 3ClO– → 3ClO3– + 2Cl–
Solution :
Ans: c) NaH + H2O → NaOH + H2
vi
(X) (X) (Y) 1 1 1
c) Na H H O 2 Na O 2 H 1 H o
∴x=2 Y=5 2 2
In this reaction H atom undergo oxidation.
18. What is the equivalent mass of IO4- when
al
So, it is not disproportionation reaction.
it is converted into I2 in acid medium?
22. Which one act as both reducing and
a) M/6 b) M/7
oxidising agent?
.k
c) M/5 d) M/4
Solution : Ans: b) M/7 a) KMnO4 b) H2O2
+7 - + - O
b) 2 I O + 16H + 14 e I + 8H O c) Fe2(SO4)3 d) K2Cr2O7
4 2 2
w
2x Molar mass Ans: b) H2O2

Equivalent mass of IO 4 =
14 23. Assertion (A) : Fluorine act as the strongest
Molar mass oxidising agent

w
7 Reason (R) : Fluorine is the most

19. The oxidation state of C in fullerene (C60) electronegative element.
is a) Both A and R are true and reason (R) is
w
a) +1 b) ¼+ correct explanation of assertion

c) 0 d) 1 b) Both A and R are true but reason (R) is
Solution : Ans: c) 0 not correct explanation of assertion
c) Assertion is true but reason is false
c) fullerene (C60) exist in elemental state the
d) Reason is true but assertion is false.
oxidation state of C is Zero
Ans: b) Both A and R are true but reason (R)
is not correct explanation of assertion
24. Assertion (A) : Number of moles of H2 in 0.224 litres of hydrogen is 0.01 mole
Reason (R) : 22.4 lit of H2 at STP contains 6.023 x 1023 moles.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and reason (R) is correct explanation of assertion.
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but reason (R) is not correct explanation of assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Assertion is false but reason is true. Ans: c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
25. Match the following :
n
A 88 gram of CO2 1 0.25 mole a) A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3
B 6.022 x 1023 water molecules 2 2 moles b) A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
l.i
C 5.6 litre of CO2 at STP 3 6.023 × 1023 molecules c) A - 2, B - 4, C - 3, D - 1
D One mole of any gas 4 1 mole d) A - 4, B - 3, C - 1, D - 2
da
Ans: a) A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3
II - Two Marks Questions

1. Define amu or Unified atomic mass.
The amu or unified atomic mass is defined
as one twelfth of the mass of a carbon –12
atom in its ground state.
1 amu or 1u = 1.6605 × 10-27 kg
ka 6. Define : Molar mass.
It is defined as “the mass of one mole of
a substance” (or) The molar mass of a
compound is equal to the sum of int relative
vi
stomic masses of its constituents expressed
2. Define Avogadro number. in g mol–1.
The total number of entities present in
III. Three Marks Questions
al
one mole of any substance is equal to
6.022 × 1023. 1. Write various expression for determining
This number is called Avogadro number. the equivalent mass of acids, bases,
.k
oxidising agent and reducing agent

3. Define Molar volume.
(i) Equivalent mass of acid =
The volume occupied by one mole of any
Molar mass of the acid
substance in the gaseous state at a given
w
Basicity of the acid

temperature and pressure is called molar
volume. (ii) Equivalent mass of base =
4. Define : Basicity Molar mass of the base

w
The no. of moles of ionisable H+ ion present Acidity of the base

in 1 mole of the acid. (iii) Equivalent mass of Oxidising agent =
e.g.: basicity of H2SO4 = 2
w
Molar mass of the Oxidising agent

5. Define : Acidity Number of moles of electrons gained
The number of moles of ionisable OH– ion (iv) Equivalent mass of reducing agent =
present in 1 mole of the base.
Molar mass of the reducing agent
e.g.: acidity of NaOH = 1
Number of moles of electrons lost
2. Distinguish empirical formula and molecular formula.

Empirical Formula Molecular Formula
1. Empirical formula of a compound is the Molecular formula of a compound is the
formula written with the simplest ratio of formula written with the actual number of
the number of different atoms present in different atoms present in one molecule as
one molecule of the compound as sub- a subscript to the atomic symbol.
script to the atomic symbol
n
2. It is the simplest formula of a compound. It is the original formula of a compound.
3. We can determine the empirical formula We can calculate molecular formula from
l.i
of a compound from the % composition empirical formula.
of elements.
3. Identify the type of redox reaction for the following.
da
a) N2(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO(g) b) 4H3PO3(l) → 3H3PO4(s) + PH3(g)
c) Cu + AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + Ag d) 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
e) 2Fe(s) + 3H2O(l) → Fe2O3(s) + H2(g) f) Cl2(g) + Kl(9) → 2KCl(ag) + I2
Ans :
o o
2 2
a) N 2 g O 2g 2 NO g ⇒ Combination reaction.
3
b) 4 H 3 P O3
5 3
3H3 PO4 P H3 ⇒ Disproportionation reaction.
ka
vi
o 1 2 o
Cu NO3 2 Ag ⇒ Metal displacement reaction
c) Cu Ag NO3
1 o o
al
d) 2H 2O 2
2 H2 O 2 ⇒ Decomposition reaction.
o 1 2 3 2 o
e) 2 Fes 3 H 2 O l
Fe2 O3s 3H 2 g ⇒ Metal displacement reaction.
.k
o 1 o
f) Cl2g KI 1 g
2 K Claq I2 ⇒ Non - metal displacement reaction.
4. Justify that the following reactions are redox reactions.

w
(a) Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)
(b) 4BCl3(g) + 3LiAlH4(s) → 2B2H6 + 3LiCl(s) + 3AlCl3(s)

w
Ans :
3 2 O 4
a) Fe O3 3CO
2 Fe 3CO2
2
w
Here oxidation number of Fe decreases from +3 to zero while oxidation number of C increases
from +2 to +4. Therefore, Fe2O3 is reduced while CO is oxidised. Thus, this is a redox reaction.
31 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 1
b) 4 BCl3 Li Al H4
2 B2 H 6 3 Li C l + 3 Al Cl3
Here, oxidation number of B decreases from +4 to -3 while oxidation number of H increases
from -1 to +1. Therefore, BCl3 is reduced while LiAlH4 is oxidised. Thus, this is a redox
reaction.
5. List the substances where carbon can 8. Define :

exhibit oxidation number from - 4 to +4. i) Excess Agent
Substance Oxidation Number of carbon ii) Oxidising agents
1. CH4 –4
iii) Reducing agents
Excess Agent :
2. CH3– CH3 –3
The reactant other than the limiting reagent
3. CH3Cl –2 which are in excess are called the excess
n
4. C2H2 –1
agents.
Oxidising agents :
5. C6H12O6 0
l.i
The reagent which facilitate oxidation by
6. C6Cl6 +1 gaining electrons and get reduced.
7. CHCl3 +2 Reducing agents :
da
The reagent which facilitate reduction by
8. H2C2O4 +3 releasing electrons and get oxidised.
9. CO2 +4 IV. ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS
6. Identify substance act as oxidising 1. Calculate the mass of (i) an atom of silver,
agent and reducing agent for each of the
following reaction.
1 1
1
3 6 4
a) 2 Ag Br s C6H6 O2
O
2 AgS 2HBr aq
ka (ii) a molecule of CO2.
Solution :
i) Atomic of an atom = 108
Mass of an atom =
Atomic mass of the atom
vi
O 4 4 Avogadro number
C6 H4 O2 aq
108
O 4 4 2 One atom of silver 1.793 10 22 g
PbSO4 S
b) PbS PbO2 S 2H 2SO 4aq 6.022 10 23
al
2H2Ol ii) Molar mass of CO2 = 12 + (2 x 16) = 44g mol-1
Reaction Oxidising agent Reducing agent Molar mass of the molecule
Mass of a molecule = Avogadro number
a. AgBr C6H6O2
.k
44 23
b. PbO2 Pb
23 7.307 10 g
6.022 10
7. Give the empirical formula for the 2. How many atoms and molecules of
w
following compounds. sulphur are present in 64g of sulphur (S8)?

a) Acetic acid (C2H4O2) Solution :
b) Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Molecular mass of S8 = 8 x 32 = 256 u
w
c) Benzene (C6H6) 256 g of sulphur contains 6.022 x 1023 molecules

Solution : ∴ 64 g of sulphur will contain
23
w
6.023 x 10 x 64
Compound Empirical formula = 256
a. Acetic acid (C2H4O2) CH2O = 1.506 x 1023 molecules
1 molecule of sulphur (S8) contains 8 atoms
b. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) HO of sulphur
∴ 1.506 x 1023 molecules of sulphur will
c. Benzene (C6H6) CH
contain 8x1.506 x 1023 = 1.2048 x 1024 atoms
3. Calculate the number of atoms of the 4. Calculate the number of moles in

constituent elements in 53g of Na2CO3. (i) 392 g of H2SO4
Solution : (ii) 44.8 litres of CO2
(iii) 3.011 x 1023 oxygen molecules
given mass (iv) 9g of Al
No of moles of Na2CO3 =
molar mass Solution :
53g given mass
= i) No. of moles =
106g mol -1 molar mass
n
392
No. of moles of H2SO4 =
Number of moles of Na2CO3 = 0.5 mole (2 + 32 + 4 ´ 16)
l.i
One mole of Na2CO3 contains 2 moles of 392
=
98
Na+ (or) 2 x 6.022 x 1023 Na+ ions
= 4 moles of H2SO4
da
∴ 0.5 mole of Na2CO3 will contain ii) No. of moles for gaseous substance
= 2x 6.022 x 1023 x 0.5 Given volume of gas
=
Molar volume (SATP)
= 6.022 x 1023 Na+ ions
44.8

Similarly, one mole of Na2CO3 will contain
one mole of C - atoms (or)
6.022 x 1023 carbon atoms
∴ 0.5 mole of Na2CO3 will contain
ka No. of moles of CO2=
22.4
iii) No. of moles of molecules
=
Given number of molecules
= 2 moles of CO2
vi
Avogadro number
0.5 × 6.022 x 1023 = 3.11 × 1023 C atoms No. of moles for oxygen molecules
Further, one mole of Na2CO3 contains 3 3.011 ´ 1023
al
mole of oxygen atoms (or) 3 × 6.022 × 1023 =
6.022 ´ 1023
O - atoms = 0.5 mole of oxygen molecules
.k
∴ 0.5 mole of Na2CO3 contain iv) No. of moles of atoms

= 3 × 6.022 × 1023 × 0.5 Given mass of atom
=
= 9.033 x 1023 O - atoms
atomic mass
w
9
No. of moles of Al =
27
= 0.33 mole Aluminium
w
5. An organic compound having C,H,N and O was found to contain C=41.37%, H=5.75%
N = 16.09% and rest oxygen. Calculate the molecular formula if vapour density is 43.3
Solution :
w
Element % Atomic mass Relative no of moles Simplest ratio
41.37 3.45
C 41.37 12 = 3.45 =3
12 1.15
5.75 5.75
H 5.75 1 = 5.75 =5
1 1.15
16.09 1.15
N 16.09 14 = 1.15 =1
14 1.15
36.79 2.30
O (100 – 63.21) = 36.79 16 = 2.30 =2
16 1.15
n
Hence, the empirical formula C3H5NO2
l.i
Empirical formula mass = (3 x 12) + (5 x 1) + (1x14) + (2 x 16)
= 36 + 5 +14 + 32 = 87
Molar mass of the compound (or) 2 × V.D
Whole number (n) =
da
Calculated empirical formula mass
2 × 43.3 86.6
n= = = n = 0.9954
87 87
Molecular formula = (Empirical formula) n = (C3H5NO2)1
Molecular formula = C3H5NO2
ka
vi
al
.k
w
w
w
GOVT. EXAM - MARCH 2023

Time Allowed : 3.00 Hours Maximum Marks : 70
PART - I
Note : i) Answer All the questions.
ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given four alternatives and write the
option code and the corresponding answer. 15 x 1 = 15
n
1. – I effect is shown by :
a) – Cl b) – Br c) both (a) and (b) d) – CH3
2. Which of the following compound has percentage of Carbon same as that in Ethylene
l.i
(C2H4)?
a) Benzene b) Propene c) Ethane d) Ethyne
3. Solubility of carbon-di-oxide gas in cold water can be increased by
da
a) decrease in pressure b) increase in volume
c) increase in pressure d) none of these
4. The pH of Normal rain water is :
a) 5.6 b) 6.5 c) 4.6 d) 7.5
5. The boiling point of heavy water (D2O) is ______
a) 375.4 K b) 373.4 K c) 376.2 K
6. Assertion : Oxygen molecule is Paramagnetic

ka d) 374.4 K
Reason : It has two unpaired electrons in its bonding molecular orbital.
vi
a) Assertion is true but reason is false
b) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
c) Both assertion and reason are false
d) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
al
7. Chloroform reacts with Nitric acid to produce :

a) Chloropicrin b) Nitro toluene c) Chloropicric acid d) Nitro glycerine
8. Which one of the following is aromatic?
.k
a) b) c) d) both (a) and (b)

w
9. An unknown gas diffuses at a rate of 0.5 times that of Nitrogen at the same temperature and
pressure. The molar mass of the unkown gas is _______
a) 114 g mol–1 b) 112 g mol–1 c) 120 g mol–1 d) 110 g mol–1
w
10. Osmotic pressure ( ) of a solution is given by the equation:

a) v = nRT b) RT = n c) = nRT d) none of these
11. Sodium is stored in
w
a) Kerosene b) Alcohol c) Ether d) Water

12. Which of the following is not a thermodynamic function?
a) entropy b) internal energy c) frictional energy d) enthalpy
13. The IUPAC name of the compound
OH
CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH = CH – CH3 :

a) hex - 2 - en - 4 - ol b) hex - 4 - en - 2 - ol c) hex - 2 - en - 4 - al d) hex - 4 - en - 2 - al
357 Govt. Exam Question Paper
14.
What would be the IUPAC name for an element with atomic number 222?
a) didibium b) bibibiium c) bibibium d) bididium
15.
The total number of orbitals associated with the Principal Quantum Number n = 3 is:
a) 5 b) 9 c) 7 d) 8
PART - II
Answer any six questions. Question No. 24 is Compulsory. 6 x 2 = 12
16. Distinguish between oxidation and reduction. Unit 1
n
17. State: Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle. Unit 2
18. Mention the uses of Plaster of Paris. Unit 5
l.i
19. State. Le - Chartelier principle. Unit 8
20. Define Osmotic Pressure. Unit 9
da
21. Draw the Lewis structure for Unit 10
i) H2O ii) HNO3
22. Write short notes on Friedel Craft’s Reaction. Unit 13
23. What are Particular Pollutants? Give example. Unit 15
ka
24. Calculate the entropy change during the melting of one mole of ice into water at 0ºC and 1
atm pressure. Enthalpy of Fusion of ice is 6008 J mol–1.
PART - III
Unit 7
vi
Answer any six questions. Question No. 33 is Compulsory. 6x3=18
25. Balance the following equations by oxidation Number Method. Unit 1
i) KMnO4 + Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH
al
ii) Cu + HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O
26. Write short notes on Principal Quantum Number. Unit 2
27. Explain the Diagonal Relationship. Unit 3
.k
28. How do you convert Para hydrogen into Ortho hydrogen? Unit 4
29. Derive ideal Gas equation. Unit 6
30. What are State and Path Functions? Give two examples. Unit 7
w
31. An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C2H5Cl reacts with aqueous KOH and
gives compound (B) and with alcoholic KOH gives compound (C). Identify (A), (B) and (C).
Unit 14
w
32. Explain inductive effect with suitable example. Unit 12

33. Write the structural formula for the following compounds. Unit 11
w
i) m-dinitro benzene

ii) p-dichloro benzene
iii) 1,3,5 trimethyl benzene
PART - IV
Answer all the questions. 5 x 5 = 25
34. a) A compound on analysis gave Na = 14.31 %, S = 9.97 %, H = 6.22 %, O = 69.5 %. Calculate
the molecular formula of the compound, if all the Hydrogen in the compound is present in
combination with Oxygen as Water of Crystallisation. (molecular mass of the compound
is 322) Unit 1
(OR)
n
b) i) State Pauli Exclusion Principle. Unit 2
ii) State Modern Periodic Law. Unit 3
l.i
35. a) i) What are Isotopes? Write the names of Isotopes of Hydrogen. Unit 4
ii) Give the uses of Calcium. Unit 5
(OR)
da
b) Derive the values of Critical Constants in terms of Vander Waals constants. Unit 6
36. a) State the various statements of Second law of Thermodynamics. Unit 7
(OR)
b) i) State law of Mass Action.
ii) What are the limitations of Henry’s Law?
ka
37. a) Explain the salient features of Moelcular Orbital theory.
(OR)
Unit 8
Unit 9
Unit 10
vi
b) i) Give any three characteristics of Organic compounds. Unit 11
ii) Find the functional group of the following compounds. Unit 11
al
A) Acetaldehyde
B) Oxalic acid
C) Dimethyl ether
.k
D) Methylamine
38. a) Explain the structure of Benzene. Unit 13
(OR)
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b) i) Starting from CH3MgI, how will you prepare the following? Unit 14
A) Ethylalcohol
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B) Acetaldehyde
C) Ethyl methyl ether
ii) What is Eutrophication? Unit 15
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94433 81701, 94422 69810, 90474 74696 325/-

12 Basic concepts of Organic Reactions 269

Govt. Supplementary Exam - August 2022 353

Govt. Exam - March 2023 357

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

1 BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

temperature, water exists mostly as liquid. Ans: b) oxygen

mass of the element X is closest to

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

NaHCO 3 + CH 3COOH Ȣ CH 3COONa + H2 O + CO 2 ȡ

the moles of HCl (g), formed is equal to

7. 1 g of an impure sample of magnesium c) 1.5 moles of HCl(g)

carbonate (containing no thermally d) 1 moles of HCl (g)

carbon dioxide gas. The percentage of Solution :

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

product formed a) 5 Moles of water

P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O  PH3 + 3NaH2PO2 × 22.4L = 30g

15. Total number of electrons present in 1.7 g

a) 31.6 b) 52.7 6.022 ´ 1022

c) 79 d) None of these 1.7

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

No. of moles of ammonia = c) the definition of mass in units of grams

mixed with 100 ml of 1.865 % potassium

Ans: c) molar mass of ferrous oxalate Solution : Ans: a) 3.59 g

18. If Avogadro number were changed from

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

So total amount of AgCl formed is 0.025 No. of moles in 7.5g

No. of moles of carbon present in 6g of

= 0.5 × 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms.

= 2 × 0.25 × 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms. Ans: a) 6C12

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

28. Define equivalent mass. (iii) Boric acid [H3BO3]

33. Which contains the greatest number of

(ii) Acetone [CH3COCH3] of moles atoms

UNIT - 1 10 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

Isotope Isotopic atomic mass Abundance

atoms atoms molecules atoms atoms molecules

c) 50 atoms 25 atoms 25 atoms 25 atoms y

Given : mass of one atom = 6.645 × 10-23g

∴ number of moles of element in 0.320 kg = = = 8 mol

UNIT - 1 11 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

38. What is the empirical formula of the following ? QY - 2018

Amount of reactant allowed to react 324g 1.12 kg - -

UNIT - 1 12 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

Molar of Al2O3 formed

UNIT - 1 13 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

Empirical formula = C6H6O 2  vapour density

Empirical formula = Na2 SH20 O14 Na2 SH20 O14

Molar mass 322 = (2 × 23) + (1 × 32) + (20 × 1) + 14(16)

Molecular formula = Na2SH20O14

(i) K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + I2 + H2O

(ii) KMnO4 + Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH

UNIT - 1 14 Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations

Loyola EC 11th Chemistry

P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O PH3 + 3NaH2PO2 × 22.4L = 30g

Empirical formula = C6H6O 2 vapour density

Cr2 O 2- Cr ................ (2)

- 8H 2NO+4H O ............(6)

Solution : 44g 0.9kg

4. 1g of magnesium is burnt with 0.56g 6. b) 1 mol of Mg3(PO4)2 contains 8 moles of