STP Presentation - SBR

STP SEMINAR (SBR TYPE)
FEBRUARY 18, 2022
Block 1, Lot 36, National Highway, Grand Riverstone Village, Dita, Sta. Rosa City, Laguna, 4026
245-8268 / (049) 576-6017
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
CODE AND STANDARDS
DENR’s Department Administration Order 1990 DAO-35
defines the Effluent Standard that the maximum limits
of pollutant concentration in the effluent of point
sources of pollution for discharge to the environment
and are enforceable. Since January 1995, all industries
are required to meet a common strict standard.
RA-9275 also known as “Clean Water Act”,

enacted in 2003
Republic Act (RA) 4850 – established the Laguna Lake

Development Authority (LLDA) and gave its jurisdiction
for environmental management of Laguna De Bay
Region
IMPLEMENTING BODIES/AGENCIES
DENR LLDA
Environmental Management Bureau Laguna Lake Development Authority
(EMB)
• All regions in the country • Within Laguna Lake jurisdiction

DENR DEPT. ADMIN. ORDER #35
EFFLUENT WATER PARAMETERS
1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand < 50 mg/L
2. COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand < 100 mg/L
3. PH – POTENTIAL HYDROGEN < 6.5 – 9.0
4. TSS – Total Suspended Solids < 70 mg/L
5. Oil and Grease < 5.0 mg/L
6. Color < 150 PCU
7. Total Coliform <10000 MPN/100mL

DENR DEPT. ADMIN. ORDER 2016 – 08
1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand <50 mg/L
2. Oil and Grease <5.0 mg/L
3. NH3-N – Ammonia <0.5 mg/L
4. NO3-N – Nitrate <14 mg/L
5. Phosphate <1.0 mg/L
6. Surfactants <15 mg/L
7. Fecal Coliform <400 MPN/100mL

DENR DEPT. ADMIN. ORDER 2021 – 19
1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand <50 mg/L
2. Oil and Grease <5.0 mg/L
3. NH3-N – Ammonia <4.0mg/L
4. NO3-N – Nitrate <14 mg/L
5. Phosphate <4.0mg/L
6. Surfactants <15 mg/L
7. Fecal Coliform <400 MPN/100mL

SEWAGE VS WASTEWATER
Wastewater - is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by
anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences,
commercial properties, industry, and/or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of
potential contaminants and concentrations.
Sewage is the subset of wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine, but is often
used to mean any wastewater.
WHY TREAT WASTEWATER/SEWAGE?
WHY TREAT WASTEWATER/SEWAGE?
IT IS A MATTER OF CARING FOR OUR ENVIRONMENT AND FOR OUR OWN HEALTH
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)
HOW IT WORKS?
OXYGEN FOOD (SEWAGE) EXISTING

BACTERIA
EQUALS
DEFINITION
Process of removing contaminants from

wastewater and household sewage,
domestic, commercial and institutional,
wherein discharge of which must be
compliance with the parameters set
forth in General Effluent Standard (GES)
of DAO2021-19
PROCESS FLOW
• Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR) Type
EFFLUENT
INFLUENT
SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR)
 Special form of Activated sludge treatment in which all of

the treatment process takes place in the reactor tank.
Treating the wastewater in a batch mode and each batch is
sequenced in a series of treatment stages.
 FILL
 FILL + REACT (optional)
 REACT
 SETTLE
 DECANT
Bar screen
 All floating solids (rags, plastics, hairs, etc.) is

screened at this stage to avoid entering the main
treatment system (SBR 1 & 2). The solids may also
clog the pumps and may upset the whole process.
Mixing TANK
 Raw sewage is mixed at this stage to

introduce partial oxygen in the form of
nitrate and nitrite referred to as
Nitrification. All significant parameters
are partially treated in this stage.
ANOXIC TANK
 Serve as home for Phosphorus

Accumulating Organism (PAO) which
digest most of phosphate in the
sewage water. Suspended solids is
reduce in this stage.
SBR TANKS 1&2
 Sequential Batch Reactor or the Main treatment system of
the whole process. In this stage, all significant parameters is
being treated and reduced to allowable level. Also in this
stage occurs the biological oxidation of ammonia or
ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite
to nitrate that referred to as Nitrification. To be followed by
microbial facilitation process where nitrate is reduced and
ultimately produces molecular nitrogen (N2) through a series
of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products referred to
as Denitrification (conversion of nitrate to Nitrogen gas).
The treated water is allowed to settle for about 60-90
minutes before drawing/ decanting going to Chlorine
Contact Tank.
AERATION BLOWERS 1&2
 Equipment that supply air to the main

treatment system using Fine Bubble
diffusers. Air is converted into oxygen
needed by Aerobic bacteria for existence.
FINAL TANK
 All residual bacteria from the main treatment

such as Fecal Coliform and Total Coliform is
being treated in this stage through injection of
Liquid Chlorine then allow to mix to the
treated water from main treatment for 30
minutes. This is the needed contact time of
chlorine to reduce residual bacteria to ideal
level before Final Discharge.
Chlorine
 This system uses 70% solution of Liquid

Chlorine at 5-10 mg/L. Enough to reduce
residual bacteria to ideal level before the
final discharge.
CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION
 is the separation of solids from a solution. The
chemical that causes the solid to form is called the
'precipitant'. Phosphate is usually precipitated at
higher pH conditions.
 Decrease in pH inhibits phosphate precipitation,
so pH must be maintained at higher lever
PAC and PAM
 PolyAcrylamide (PAM) is used to coagulate or
flocculate solids in a liquid. The chemical that
causes the solid to form is called the ‘coagulant‘,
and the solid form from coagulant is called “flocs”.
 Like all coagulants, Poly-Aluminum Chloride
(PAC) works by extracting and then clumping
together dissolved, colloidal and suspended
matter. The resulting floc is then trapped on the
filter.
Tertiary system
 Composed of two stage namely SF (Sand
Filter) and CF (Carbon Filter). This is the
final cleansing of the treated sewage water
by reducing the amount of suspended solids
(SS) containing Phosphate. The more SS
removed, the more Phosphate will also be
removed.
SLUDGE DIGESTER TANK -
SDT
 Waste activated sludge (WAS) is stored in this
chamber and aerated in the absence of food
(organic load such as BOD, COD, TSS, etc.)
which will result in the digestion bacteria to
bacteria. The bacterial cell is also avoided to
detach to its mother cell to prevent them to
multiply for the purpose of digestion into
nitrogen gas.
TREATMENT PROCESS DESCRIPTION
PRIMARY/PHYSICAL TREATMENT – FOG separator, barscreen
SECONDARY/BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT – Aeration Tanks
EFFLUENT/CHEMICAL DISINFECTION - Chlorination
SLUDGE TREATMENT – Optional (filter press, drying bed)

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR PRIMARY TREATMENT
BAR SCREEN
MANUAL BAR SCREEN

MOTORIZED BAR SCREEN
- Requires regular cleaning of the screens
- Electric Powered
by belts or manual labor
EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR AERATION (MIXING, SBR TANKS AND SDT)
Roots Blower and control valves

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR SEWAGE WATERLINE
(TRANSFER, MIXER, DECANTER, DISCHARGE)
Submersible Pump
EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR AUTOMATION AND MONITORING
Level Controller (Float Switch)

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Fine Bubble Diffuser

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR PRIMARY AND SLUDGE TREATMENT
Coarse Bubble Diffuser

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR MONITORING
Electromagnetic Flow meter

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR ELECTRICAL CONTROLS & AUTOMATION
Control Panel and Devices

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR CHEMICAL TREATMENT
Chemical Feed Pump &

Chlorine Tank
Mixing Agitator
110 liters Chlorine Tank

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR VENTILATION SYSTEM
Ventilation Fan To ensure proper air exchange in control

room
EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR TERTIARY TREATMENT
Sand Filter, Carbon Filter, and Tertiary/Booster Pump

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED FOR AUTOMATION
Programmable Logic Control ( PLC )

OPERATORS DAILY ROUTINE
1. Physical Status / Appearance of STP
2. Check Control Panel Settings
3. Status of Equipment(s)
4. Treatment Process Check

1. PHYSICAL STATUS / APPEARANCE OF STP
Cleanliness
Orderliness
Odor
Sound
Valve Settings
2. CHECK CONTROL PANEL SETTING
• Check for any indication of pump failure

(i.e., overload)
• For any failure indicated, check for the

causes like overloading, system failure or
pump motor failure due to clogged piping
system or impeller entanglement with large
solids.
• Check electrical contactor if the failure is

due to loose connection of the electrical
components or burnout components.
• Check the level / control sensors are free for

many entanglement.
• Check pump capacity through field

calibration.
3. STATUS OF EQUIPMENT
FOR BLOWERS
• Check pressure reading

• Check oil level
• Air leak Oil Level
• Oil leak
• Vibrations
• Belts and Pulleys
4. STATUS OF EQUIPMENT
FOR SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
Check Discharge Point
Sound
Water Leak
Float Switch
5. TREATMENT PROCESS CHECK
Sludge Volume Index (SVI)
(Jar Test)
300ml/1000ml - Required
sludge level for Aeration
Tank
Sludge - Brownish Viscous

fluid
Aeration
PH Level Test
6.5-9 – required
level
Equalization Tank,
Aeration Tank
& Final Tank
Flow rate reading
Flow rate (m3/day)
Present Reading – Previous Reading = Flow Rate

“Thousands have lived
without love, not one
without water”
- W. H. Auden
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!
Block 1, Lot 36, National Highway, Grand Riverstone Village, Dita, Sta. Rosa City, Laguna, 4026
245-8268 / (049) 576-6017

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STP SEMINAR (SBR TYPE)

FEBRUARY 18, 2022

RA-9275 also known as “Clean Water Act”,

Republic Act (RA) 4850 – established the Laguna Lake

• All regions in the country • Within Laguna Lake jurisdiction

1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand < 50 mg/L

2. COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand < 100 mg/L

3. PH – POTENTIAL HYDROGEN < 6.5 – 9.0

4. TSS – Total Suspended Solids < 70 mg/L

5. Oil and Grease < 5.0 mg/L

6. Color < 150 PCU

7. Total Coliform <10000 MPN/100mL

1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand <50 mg/L

2. Oil and Grease <5.0 mg/L

3. NH3-N – Ammonia <0.5 mg/L

4. NO3-N – Nitrate <14 mg/L

5. Phosphate <1.0 mg/L

6. Surfactants <15 mg/L

7. Fecal Coliform <400 MPN/100mL

1. BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand <50 mg/L

2. Oil and Grease <5.0 mg/L

3. NH3-N – Ammonia <4.0mg/L

4. NO3-N – Nitrate <14 mg/L

6. Surfactants <15 mg/L

7. Fecal Coliform <400 MPN/100mL

OXYGEN FOOD (SEWAGE) EXISTING

Process of removing contaminants from

• Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR) Type

 Special form of Activated sludge treatment in which all of

 All floating solids (rags, plastics, hairs, etc.) is

 Raw sewage is mixed at this stage to

 Serve as home for Phosphorus

 Equipment that supply air to the main

 All residual bacteria from the main treatment

 This system uses 70% solution of Liquid

PRIMARY/PHYSICAL TREATMENT – FOG separator, barscreen

SECONDARY/BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT – Aeration Tanks

EFFLUENT/CHEMICAL DISINFECTION - Chlorination

SLUDGE TREATMENT – Optional (filter press, drying bed)

MANUAL BAR SCREEN

Roots Blower and control valves

Level Controller (Float Switch)

Fine Bubble Diffuser

Coarse Bubble Diffuser

Electromagnetic Flow meter

Control Panel and Devices

Chemical Feed Pump &

110 liters Chlorine Tank

Ventilation Fan To ensure proper air exchange in control

Sand Filter, Carbon Filter, and Tertiary/Booster Pump

Programmable Logic Control ( PLC )

1. Physical Status / Appearance of STP

2. Check Control Panel Settings

4. Treatment Process Check

• Check for any indication of pump failure

• For any failure indicated, check for the

• Check electrical contactor if the failure is

• Check the level / control sensors are free for

• Check pump capacity through field