Important Questions for Class 8

Maths
Chapter 1 – Rational Numbers

Very Short Answer Questions 1 Marks

3
1. The additive inverse of is ____
4
3
Ans: 
4
Additive inverse of any number is a number which can be added to a number to
get 0 .
3 3
Hence, the additive inverse of is  .
4 4

1
2. Multiplicative inverse of is
8
Ans: 8
Multiplicative inverse of any number is a number which can be multiplied to a
number to get 1 .
p q
The multiplicative inverse of is .
q p
1
Hence, the multiplicative inverse of is 8 .
8

3. A Rational number between 3 and 4 is ____

3 4 7
Ans: 
2 2
The rational number of any number can be calculated as;
 p+q 
2
Hence, the required rational number is;
3  4  7
2 2
7
Hence, is a rational number between 3 and 4 .
2

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 1

4. Reciprocal of 2 is ___
Ans: Reciprocal of any number will be the inverse of that number.
1
That is, the reciprocal of a is .
a
Hence, the reciprocal of 2 is

5. Zero has ____ reciprocal

Ans: No
The product of any number with 0 will be 0 and hence, zero has no reciprocal.

6. Reciprocal of a negative number is _______

Ans: Negative
The product of any negative number with any number will be negative and hence,
the reciprocal of a negative number will be negative.

7. Whole numbers start from______

Ans: Zero
The numbers start from 0 , are called as whole numbers.

8. There are _____ rational numbers between 3 and 4 .

Ans: Countless or Infinite.
Infinite rational numbers are between 3 and 4 .

Short Answer Questions 2 Marks

3 1
9. Sum of two numbers is , one of the number is . Find the other one.
4 8
Ans: Let the other number be x .
1 3
The sum of x and is . Therefore, we have
8 4
1 3
x 
8 4
3 1
x 
4 8

x
 3.2   1
8

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 2

Since, [LCM  8]
Therefore,
6 1
x
8
5
x
8
5 1 3
Therefore, the sum of and is .
8 8 4

 8   3 
10. Simplify     
 13   26 
Ans: The given fraction is;
8 3

13 26
By simplifying above fraction, we get

 8.2   3
26
Since, [LCM  26]
Therefore,
16  3

26
19

26
 8   3  19
Therefore,        .
   
13 26 26

1 5
11. What number to be multiplied with so as to get the product as 
4 16
Ans: Let the number be x .
The product can be written as;
1
 x
4
and,
1 5
Product of x and is  .
4 16
Therefore, we have

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 3

 5 1
  x
16 4
1  16 
 x   
4  5
Therefore, we get
5
x
4
5 1
Hence,  is the number to be multiplied with so as to get the product as
4 4
5
 .
16

2
12. Represent  on the number line.
7
2
Ans:  is a rational number.
7
2
 on a Number Line, can be represented as follows;
7

1  1 2 
13. Divide by   
2  3 5
Ans: The given fraction is;
 1 2 
 3  5 
By simplifying above fraction, we get
1 2
 
3 5


 1.5   2.3
15
Since, [LCM  15] , therefore

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 4

 5  6

15
1

15
1 1
On dividing by , we get
2 15
1 1
 
2 15
1 15
 
2 1
15

2

14. Find three rational number between 4 and 4 Represent them on line.
Ans: The three rational numbers between 4 and 4 are 2, 1,1 .
On a number line, the mentioned rational numbers are represented as follows:

15. Define by example of addition

(a) Associative Property
Ans: Associative Property can be stated as while addition or multiplication of
any two grouped numbers, the interchange of those number won’t get affected
on resultant addition or multiplication.
That is,
 a+b = b+a
The following example shows how the associative property gets used to solve
it;
We can solve 9  7 by using Associative Property; we get
  7  9    9  7  and
 7  9  16
 9  7  16
Therefore, according to the property, we can add or multiply regardless of how
the numbers are grouped.

Short Answer Questions 3 Marks

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 5

 6 3 1 4
16. Simplify     and find its reciprocal.
7 8 2 3
Ans: Reciprocal of any number will be the inverse of that number.
Hence, by solving above fraction, we get
 6  8  3  7  56  4
  3
 56
(Since the LCM of 7,8 and 2 is 56 )
 48  21  56  4
   3
 56
13 4
 
56 3
13

42
Therefore,
13
Reciprocal of is
42
1 42
  1
13 13
42
42

13
6 3 1 4 42
Hence, reciprocal of     is .
7 8 2 3 13

17. Find three Rational Number between 3 and 4 .

Represent them on the Number line.
Ans: 3 can be written as
10
 3
10
30

10
4 can be written as
10
 4
10
40

10

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 6

 31 32 33
Hence, the three Rational Numbers are , , .
10 10 10
31 32 33
, , these numbers can be represented on a Number line, are as follows;
10 10 10

1 4 1 3 1
18. Use appropriate property and find     
6 7 2 7 6
Ans: The given fraction is;
1 4 1 3 1
    
6 7 2 7 6
By using associative property  a+b = b+a  , we can be simplifying the above
fraction as follows;
1 4 3 1 1
    
6 7 7 6 2
1 4 1 3 1
    
6 7 6 7 2
1 4 3 1
   
6 7 7 2
1 7 1
  
6 7 2
Therefore,
1  3

6
2

6
1

3
1 4 1 3 1 1
Hence,       .
6 7 2 7 6 3

19. Find the multiplicative inverse of following

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 7

 1
(a)
6
3
(b) 
8
4
(c)
19
Ans:
1
(a)
6
Ans: Multiplicative inverse of any number is a number which can be
multiplied to a number to get 1 .
1
Hence, the multiplicative inverse of is
6
1
  x 1
6
x6
1
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of is 6 .
6

3
(b) 
8
Ans: Multiplicative inverse of any number is a number which can be
multiplied to a number to get 1 .
3
Hence, the multiplicative inverse of is
8
3
   x 1
8
8
x
3
3 8
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of  is  .
8 3

19 4 19
(c) : x  1 x 
4 19 4
Ans: Multiplicative inverse of any number is a number which can be
multiplied to a number to get 1 .

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 8

 4
Hence, the multiplicative inverse of is
19
4
  x 1
19
19
x
4
4 19
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of is .
19 4

Long Answer Questions 4 or 5 Marks

3 3
20. Find three Rational number between and
6 4
Ans: The rational number of any number can be calculated as;
 p+q 
2
Hence, the mean of two Rational numbers is a Rational number.
For given numbers;
3 1 3
 and
6 2 4
1 3

Mean  2 4
2
5
 4
2
5

8
1 5 3
Since,   ;
2 8 4
1 5
Now Mean of and
2 8
1 5

Mean  2 8
2

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 9

 9
8
2
9

16
1 9 5
Since,  
2 16 8
5 3
Mean of and
8 4
5 3

Mean  8 4
2
56

8 2
11

16
5 11 3
  
8 16 4
9 5 11 3 3
Hence, , , are the three rational numbers are between and .
16 8 16 6 4

21.
1
(a) Find Reciprocal of 
2
1
Ans: Reciprocal of 
2
Reciprocals of any number are going to be the inverse of that number.
1
Hence, the reciprocal of  is;
2
1
2
1

2
1
Therefore, Reciprocal of  is 2 .
2

4
(b) Additive inverse of
9

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 10

 4
Ans: Additive inverse of
9
Additive inverse of any number is a number which can be added to a number
to get 0 .
For the given number, we get
4
 x0
9
4
 x
9
4 4
Therefore, an additive inverse of is  .
9 9

1 4 4
(c) Multiplicative inverse of    
6 9 3

1 4 4
Ans: Multiplicative inverse of    
6 9 3
Multiplicative inverse of any number is a number which can be multiplied to a
number to get 1 .
For given number, we get
1 4 4
   
6 9 3
(1.3  2.4) 4
 
18 3
(3  8) 4
 
18 3
Therefore,
11 4
 
18 3
22

27
1 4 4 22
Hence, multiplicative inverse of     is .
6 9 3 27

22. Match the correct

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 11

 (a) Whole number (i)

(b) Natural number (ii)

(c) Integer (iii)

(d) Rational Number (iv)

Ans:
The correct pairs are as follows;
(a) (ii)
(b) (iii)
(c) (i)
(d) (iv)
Whole numbers starts from 0 .
Natural numbers are positive numbers and starts from 1 .
Integers will be positive, negative or 0 number.
Rational numbers are the fractional numbers.

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 12