50 Linux Command that Cloud

Engineers should know

Command: pwd
Full Form: Print Working Directory
Definition: It shows the full pathname of the current working directory.
Example: pwd -
Executing this command will output the full path to the current directory.

Command: cd
Full Form: Change Directory
Definition: This command is used to change the current working directory.
Example: cd /home/user/Documents -
This will change the current directory to the Documents directory.
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Command: mkdir
Full Form: Make Directory
Definition: This command is used to create new directories.
Example: mkdir new_folder -
This will create a new directory called "new_folder" in the current directory.

Command: rm
Full Form: Remove
Definition: This command is used to remove files or directories.
Example: rm myfile.txt -
This will remove the file named "myfile.txt" in the current directory.

Command: touch
Full Form: Touch (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command is used to create new empty files.
Example: touch newfile.txt -
This will create a new empty file named "newfile.txt".

Command: cp
Full Form: Copy
Definition: This command is used to copy files or directories from one location to
another.
Example: cp sourcefile.txt destinationfolder/ -
This will copy the file "sourcefile.txt" to the "destinationfolder".
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Command: mv
Full Form: Move
Definition: This command is used to move or rename files or directories.
Example: mv oldname.txt newname.txt -
This will rename the file "oldname.txt" to "newname.txt".

Command: cat
Full Form: Concatenate
Definition: This command is used to display the content of files, concatenate files
and redirect output in terminal or files.
Example: cat file.txt -
This will display the content of "file.txt".

Command: less
Full Form: Less (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command is used for viewing files instead of opening the file. This
is especially useful when dealing with large files.
Example: less largefile.txt -
This will let you view "largefile.txt" in a way that allows you to scroll through it
with ease.

Command: head
Full Form: Head (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command outputs the first part of files.
Example: head file.txt -
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This will output the first 10 lines of "file.txt".

Command: tail
Full Form: Tail (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command outputs the last part of files.
Example: tail file.txt -
This will output the last 10 lines of "file.txt".

Command: grep
Full Form: Global Regular Expression Print
Definition: This command searches files for lines that match a given pattern.
Example: grep 'hello' file.txt -
This will search for the word 'hello' in "file.txt" and print the lines where the
pattern is found.

Command: find
Full Form: Find (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command is used to search and locate the list of files and
directories based on conditions you specify for files that match the arguments.
Example: find /home -name myfile.txt -
This will find the file "myfile.txt" in the "/home" directory and its subdirectories.

Command: man
Full Form: Manual
Definition: This command is used to display the user manual of any command
that we can run on the terminal.
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Example: man ls -
This will display the manual pages for the 'ls' command.

Command: grep
Full Form: Global Regular Expression Print
Definition: This command searches files for lines that match a given pattern.
Example: grep 'hello' file.txt -
This will search for the word 'hello' in "file.txt" and print the lines where the
pattern is found.

Command: find
Full Form: Find (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command is used to search and locate the list of files and
directories based on conditions you specify for files that match the arguments.
Example: find /home -name myfile.txt -
This will find the file "myfile.txt" in the "/home" directory and its subdirectories.

Command: man
Full Form: Manual
Definition: This command is used to display the user manual of any command
that we can run on the terminal.
Example: man ls -
This will display the manual pages for the 'ls' command.

Command: sudo
Full Form: SuperUser Do
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Definition: This command is used to perform tasks that require administrative or

Command: df
Full Form: Disk Filesystem
Definition: This command is used to display the amount of disk space used and
available on Linux file systems.
Example: df -h -
This will display the disk usage in a human-readable format.

Command: du
Full Form: Disk Usage
Definition: This command is used to estimate file and directory space usage.
Example: du -sh /home/user/* -
This will display the size of each file and directory in "/home/user" in a
human-readable format.

Command: ps
Full Form: Process Status
Definition: This command provides information about the currently running
processes, including their process identification numbers (PIDs).
Example: ps -aux -
This displays all the running processes on the system.
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Command: kill
Full Form: Kill (No abbreviation)
Definition: This command is used to terminate processes manually.
Example: kill 12345 -
This will terminate the process with PID 12345.

Command: tar
Full Form: Tape Archive
Definition: This command is used to create and extract .tar or .tar.gz archives.
Example: tar -cvf archive.tar /home/user -
This will create a .tar archive of the "/home/user" directory.

Command: chmod
Full Form: Change Mode
Definition: This command is used to change the permissions of a file or a
directory.
Example: chmod 755 myfile.txt -
This will set read, write, execute permissions for the owner, and read and execute
permissions for the group and others for "myfile.txt".

Command: chown
Full Form: Change Owner
Definition: This command is used to change the owner and group of a file or
directory.
Example: chown username:groupname myfile.txt -
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This will change the owner and the group of the file "myfile.txt" to "username"
and "groupname" respectively.

Command: ssh
Full Form: Secure Shell
Definition: This command is used to log into a remote machine and work directly
on the remote machine.
Example: ssh username@remote_host -
This will log you into "remote_host" as "username".

Command: wget
Full Form: World Wide Web Get
Definition: This command is a free utility that non-interactively downloads files
from the Web. It supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP protocols, and can retrieve files
through HTTP proxies.
Example: wget https://example.com/file.zip -
This will download the "file.zip" from the URL to the current directory.

Command: curl
Full Form: Client URL
Definition: curl is used in command lines or scripts to transfer data. It supports a
range of protocols like HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, SCP, SFTP, etc.
Example: curl -O https://example.com/file.zip -
This will download the file "file.zip" from the URL to the current directory.
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Command: top
Full Form: Table of Processes
Definition: top command is used to show the Linux processes. It provides a live,
real-time view of the running system.
Example:
Simply type top in the terminal to get the list of processes.

Command: alias
Full Form: Alias (No abbreviation)
Definition: alias command in Linux is used to create an alias (shortcut) for
another command.
Example: alias l='ls -l' -
This will create an alias 'l' for 'ls -l'. Now, if you type 'l', it will execute 'ls -l'.

Command: echo
Full Form: Echo (No abbreviation)
Definition: echo command in Linux is used to display lines of text or string on
standard output or a file.
Example: echo "Hello World" -
This will print "Hello World" on the terminal.

Command: exit
Full Form: Exit (No abbreviation)
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Definition: exit command in Linux is used to exit the shell where it is currently
running. It takes one more parameter as [N] and exits the shell with a return of
status N.
Example: exit -
This will simply exit the shell. If you provide an argument like exit 1, the shell will
exit with a status of 1, indicating a general unspecified error.