DISTRIBUTION

TRANSFORMERS
OIL IMMERSED up to 6.3 MVA

www.alfanar.com
Contents
1- General Information 4
2- Applications 10
3- Product Portfolio 11
4- Product Breakdown 12
5- Transformer Classifications 13
A - Standard Losses Transformers 14
B - High Efficiency Transformers 18
C - Utility Transformers (SEC) 19
1 - Pad Mounted Transformers 19
2 - Pole Mounted Transformers 21
3 - Unit Substations 23
D- Special Transformers 25
1 - PV Transformers 25
2- LV/LV Transformers 26
3 - MV/MV Transformers 27
4 - Dual Voltage Transformers 28
• On Low Voltage 29
• On Medium Voltage 29
5 - Oil Transfomrers with On-Load Tap Change (OLTC) 30
6 - Transformers with Hybrid Insulation Winding 31
7 - Non-Mineral Oil Transformers (KNAN) 32
6 - Accessories 33
• Standard Accessories 34
1. Bushing 34
2. Cable Box 38
3. Oil Level Indicator 38
4. Thermometer 38
5. Pressure Relief Valve 38
6. Earthing Terminal on Tank 39
7. Drain Valve 39
8. Tap Changer 39
9. Lifting Lugs 39
• Optional Accessories 40
1. DMCR 40
2. Oil Conservator 40
3. Buchholz Relay 40
4. Air Breather 40
5. Roller 40
6. Winding Temperature Indicator 40
7 - Package and Unit Substations 41
• Design and Structure 41
− Ring Main Unit 42
− Transformer 44
− Low Voltage Panel 45
• Technical Features 46
8 - Service 47
9 - Testing 48
10 - Inquiry Form 49
1 - General Information
A - Standards
The IEC and BS Standards for transformers and their parts are the most widely applied
standards in most countries where local electric authorities have either adopted one of
these standards or created one that suits the needs, laws and regulations of their country.

The following list of main Standards refers to the most common electrical applications.

The Standards may have been amended, but the relevant amendments are not mentioned
here.

IEC 60076 Power Transformers

IEC 60076-1 General

IEC 60076-2 Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers

IEC 60076-3 Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external clearances in air

IEC 60076-5 Ability to withstand short circuit

IEC 60076-14 Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials

IEC 60296 Unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgear

IEC 60137 Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V

IEC 60529 Classification of degree of protection provided by enclosures

IEC 60354 Loading Giude for Oil-Immersed Transformers

IEC 60551 Measurment of transformer and reactor Sound Level

B - Cooling Code and Insulation Liquid

No transformer is truly an ‘ideal transformer’ as each will incur some losses which gets converted into heat. If this
heat is not dissipated properly, the excess temperature in the transformer has the potential to cause serious problems
like insulation failure. The transformer requires a cooling system to prevent this from occurring.
• For Oil Immersed Transformers
• ONAN: Oil Natural Air Natural (Liquid with flash point < 300 C)
• ONAF: Oil Natural Air Forced (Liquid with flash point < 300 C)
• KNAN: Oil Natural Air Natural (Liquid with flash point > 300 C)
• KNAF: Oil Natural Air Forced (Liquid with flash point > 300 C)
The ONAN transformers can be operated with normal rating and ONAF with an increased rating of approximately 25%.

4
1 - General Information
C - Technical Aspects
Power Rating and Voltage Levels
A power rating is the rated voltage (multiplied by the phase-factor for three-phase transformers) and the rated line
current at center tap when several taps are provided.

Rating is expressed in kVA or MVA.

The rated power of the three-phase transformer is defined by the formula:

P = V *I*1.73
“V” is the rated line to line voltage
“I” is the rated line current of the transformer
“1.73” is the numerical value for the square root of 3.

Transformers are usually energized from a network which has a defined voltage level which is the primary (feed)
voltage level.Transformers should transform the primary voltage to a new voltage, the secondary voltage level,
that is required by the consumer.

Transformers can be designed to operate with two primary voltages (one at a time), therefore, if the network
voltage must be changed in the future, the same unit will be used.

Transformers can be designed to generate two secondary voltages simultaneously, thus, outputting two levels for
two applications.

The primary and secondary voltages define a Basic Insulation Level (BIL) of 75, 95, 110,
125, 170 and 200kV. The transformer is designed accordingly for electrical withstand of over-voltages.
1 - General Information
Altitude
The transformers are suitable for operation at altitudes of up to 1000m above sea level. Site altitudes above 1000m
require the use of special designs and should be mentioned in the order.

Short Circuit Impedance

The short circuit impedance is the transformer’s impedance, usually between 4% and 6% for distribution
transformers and higher than 7% for power transformers. The short circuit impedance is the percentage of the
primary rated voltage that must be applied at the transformer primary winding when the secondary winding is
shorted in order to have the rated currents in the primary and secondary windings. If the short circuit impedance
increases, it will result in an unnecessary voltage drop across the power transformer and will limit its ability to
deliver power to the secondary-connected equipment transformers working in parallel should have identical short
circuit impedance.

Vector Group
The vector group is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) method of categorizing the high voltage
(HV) windings and low voltage (LV) winding configurations of three-phase transformers. The vector group
designation indicates the windings configurations and the difference in phase angle between them.

The possible connections are as follows:

• D (d) delta connection
• Y (y) star connection
• Z (z) zigzag connection
• N (n) the neutral exists for connection outside the transformer

The vector group determines the phase displacement between the primary and the secondary winding, and each unit
in the vector group refers to 30 degrees displacement. A vector group Dyn11 is delta on primary, star on secondary,
with neutral brought out and 330-degree phase displacement.

6
1 - General Information
Tank Types
The transformer tank is usually a non-rigid structure with corrugated panels, designed to withstand mechanical
stresses, absorb oil expansion, and meet the thermal evacuation constraints.

For power rating above 3150kVA, the tank is usually designed with rigid structure, cooling radiators and
conservator.

Magnetic Circuits
The structure of magnetic circuit are:
• Three legs construction
• Step lap stacking

Made from a cold rolled, grain oriented silicon steel strips (CRGO), each strip (0.23, 0.27 or 0.30mm thick) is
insulated on both sides by Carlite.

Permissible Tolerances
Manufacturing tolerances are the deviations between the measured values and the guaranteed values.
Unless otherwise specified in the order, the tolerances are limited to the values specified in IEC 60076-1.
1 - General Information
Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. It is also referred to as temporal
frequency, which emphasizes the contrast to spatial frequency and angular frequency. The period is the duration of
time of one cycle in a repeating event, so the period is the reciprocal of the frequency.

The frequency at which the transformer is designed to operate is 50Hz or 60Hz and is
set in accordance with the network frequency.

Ambient Temperature and Temperature Rise

The normal ambient temperature under which the transformer will operate is defined as the ambient temperature,
where the temperature rise expresses the rise of the cooling medium and the winding temperatures when the
transformer operates at full load. The maximum values are defined by applied standards.

8
Winding Coils
An electromagnetic coil is an electrical conductor such as a wire in the shape of a coil, spiral or helix used in
applications where electric currents interact with magnetic fields. Either an electric current is passed through the
wire of the coil to generate a magnetic field, or conversely an external time-varying magnetic field through the
interior of the coil generates an EMF (voltage) in the conductor.

Both the primary and secondary windings are made of copper or aluminum. The primary voltage is directly wound
on the secondary voltage winding, with insulating barriers and cooling channels between the two windings.
Secondary voltage coils are rectangular wires or foil conductors. Primary voltage coils are round enamel wires, or
rectangular paper insulated wires for high power ratings, or paper insulated round wires.

Adequate channels for oil circulation are integrated in the windings to provide efficient cooling and to limit the hot
spot temperature.

2
2 - Applications
The distribution transformer provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system,
stepping down the networks medium voltage to low voltage, the level used by the consumer, and is considered one
of the most important links in the distribution network.

Distribution transformers are used in the following applications:

Building Infrastructure and Industrial

Airports, hospitals, factories, shopping malls,
hotels, commercial and residential towers.

Utility
Generation, transmission, distribution substations,
water and waste water treatment plants.

Oil and Gas

Oil and gas plants, petrochemical plants

10
3 - Product Portfolio

PV Transformer Standard Transformer

Package Substation Pad Mounted Transformer

Pole Mounted Transformer

Unit Substation Transformer Oil and Gas Power Transformer

up to 6.3MVA
4 - Product Breakdown

1 7

2 9

3 10

11

12

6 13

1 HV Bushing 7 Pressure Relief Valve

2 LV Bushing 8 Top Oil Thermometer
3 No Load Tap Changer 9 Oil Level Indicator
4 Core Clamps 10 Corrugated Fins
5 LV Coil 11 Core
6 Transformer Tank 12 HV Coil
13 Roller

12
5 - Transformer Classifications
A distribution transformer or service transformer is a transformer that provides the final voltage transformation in
the electric power distribution system, stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by
the customer.

Whether the transformers are used for infrastructure systems, industry or households, alfanar provides the right
transformer for every need – from compact distribution transformers to limited power transformers with ratings up
to 6300 A.

Transformers can be classified based on many factors like installation or losses which is the most important factor
in the transformer.

In any electrical machine, ‘loss’ can be defined as the difference between input power and output power.
A - Standard Losses Transformers

As per the International Standarads and local Authorities requirments , with a Full cabability to match IEC, SEC and
BS 50708-2-1 Tier 1 , Tier 2 and Tier 3.

Under those values a standard losses transformer is made to fulfil the customer requirements with a competitive cost
and high quality.

14
Technical Data

Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers

Transformer Type
(Indoor or Outdoor Installation)

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed /Radiator

Standard IEC60076

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group* Dyn11

Ambient Temperature* Ambient=50 Oil=50 Winding=55

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping* Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions ± 2×2.5 %

* Subject to change according to customer requirements.

Standard Losses Transformer (Aluminium)

Rated Power No Load

HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
kVA Loss W

100 13.8 0.4 300 2150 4 1050 650 1200 750

160 13.8 0.4 440 2600 4 1100 700 1200 850
200 13.8 0.4 480 2950 4 1200 750 1230 950
250 13.8 0.4 550 3650 4 1200 800 1250 1100
300 13.8 0.4 630 4200 4 1350 850 1300 1150
400 13.8 0.4 750 5000 4 1400 850 1350 1500
500 13.8 0.4 850 6000 5 1450 900 1350 1650
630 13.8 0.4 900 8000 5 1550 950 1400 2100
800 13.8 0.4 1250 9000 5 1600 1050 1550 2500
1000 13.8 0.4 1450 12000 6 1650 1100 1550 2800
1250 13.8 0.4 1700 13000 6 1850 1200 1600 3150
1500 13.8 0.4 1850 16500 6 2000 1350 1600 3700
1600 13.8 0.4 2050 18000 6 2100 1400 1700 4400
2000 13.8 0.4 2800 19500 6 2150 1450 1900 4900
2500 13.8 0.4 3000 25500 6 2250 1450 2150 6200
3150 13.8 0.4 3300 30000 7.5 2350 1800 2400 8000
300 33 0.4 630 4200 4 1450 950 1400 1400
500 33 0.4 850 6000 5 1500 1000 1500 1900
630 33 0.4 900 8000 5 1600 1050 1600 2200
1000 33 0.4 1450 12000 6 1800 1150 1700 3000
1250 33 0.4 1700 13000 6 1900 1300 1800 3800
1500 33 0.4 1850 16500 6 2050 1400 2000 4500
1600 33 0.4 2050 18000 6 2150 1450 2050 4700
2000 33 0.4 2800 19500 6 2200 1500 2200 5600
2500 33 0.4 3000 25500 7 2300 1800 2300 7100
Standard Losses Transformer (Copper)
Rated Power No Load
kVA HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
Loss W

100 13.8 0.4 300 2150 4 1100 750 1150 750

160 13.8 0.4 440 2600 4 1100 700 1250 900
200 13.8 0.4 480 2950 4 1200 800 1200 1000
250 13.8 0.4 550 3650 4 1200 800 1250 1150
300 13.8 0.4 630 4200 4 1350 850 1250 1200
400 13.8 0.4 750 5000 4 1350 850 1300 1600
500 13.8 0.4 850 6000 5 1400 850 1300 1700
630 13.8 0.4 900 8000 5 1500 950 1350 2200
800 13.8 0.4 1250 9000 5 1600 1050 1550 2500
1000 13.8 0.4 1450 12000 6 1650 1100 1500 2900
1250 13.8 0.4 1700 13000 6 1800 1200 1550 3200
1500 13.8 0.4 1850 16500 6 1900 1300 1600 3750
1600 13.8 0.4 2050 18000 6 2000 1350 1700 4300
2000 13.8 0.4 2800 19500 6 2100 1400 1950 5100
2500 13.8 0.4 3000 25500 6 2200 1500 2050 6550
3150 13.8 0.4 3300 30000 7.5 2350 1800 2350 8100
300 33 0.4 630 4200 4 1400 900 1350 1450
500 33 0.4 850 6000 5 1450 950 1500 1900
630 33 0.4 900 8000 5 1550 1000 1550 2250
1000 33 0.4 1450 12000 6 1750 1150 1600 3100
1250 33 0.4 1700 13000 6 1900 1300 1800 4000
1500 33 0.4 1850 16500 6 2000 1350 1950 4500
1600 33 0.4 2050 18000 6 2100 1400 2000 4800
2000 33 0.4 2800 19500 6 2150 1500 2100 5700
2500 33 0.4 3000 25500 7 2250 1800 2200 7300
B - High Efficiency Transformers

alfanar High Efficiency Transformers offer the best ratio between initial cost and operating cost for sensitive
applications.

Lowering the energy consumption results in reduced operating costs and less harmful emissions for the customer’s
operations.

Technical Data
Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers
Transformer Type
with lossess as per ECO design

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed /Radiator

Standard IEC60076,Losses refer to commission regulation (EU) No 548, Tier 2 ( 1 July 2021)

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group* Dyn11

Ambient Temperature* Ambient=50 Oil=50 Winding=55

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping* Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions ± 2×2.5 %

* Subject to change according to customer requirements.

18
C - Utility Transformers “SEC”

1- Pad Mounted Transformers

alfanar three-phase pad-mounted transformers are compact power centers that can be used for all types of
applications.

With a proper design selection, they can be located near or inside buildings for greater flexibility and savings, and
are designed to withstand environmental hazards.

The transformers are designed to meet or exceed applicable local and international standards such as IEC and BS
standards.

All transformers are manufactured and are produced expressly to meet a customer’s exacting specifications.

Technical Data
Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers
Transformer Type
Pad Mounted

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed

Standard 51-SDMS-03 & 04 (ALU) or 51-SDMS-01 & 02 (CU)

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group Dyn11

Ambient Temperature Ambient=55 Oil=45 Winding=50

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions ± 2×2.5 %

Pad Mounted Transformers SEC (Aluminum)
Rated Power No Load
kVA HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
Loss W

300 13.8 0.4 520 3200 4 1500 1300 1400 1600

500 13.8 0.4 750 4700 5 1650 1300 1500 2000
1000 13.8 0.4 1100 9000 6 1800 1400 1700 3400
1500 13.8 0.4 1700 14000 6 2000 1600 2000 4300
300 33 0.4 520 3200 4 1600 1400 1500 1800
500 33 0.4 750 4700 5 1700 1400 1600 2400
1000 33 0.4 1100 9000 6 1950 1600 1800 3600
1500 33 0.4 1700 14000 6 2100 1700 2100 4800

Pad Mounted Transformers SEC (Copper)

Rated Power No Load

kVA HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
Loss W

300 13.8 0.4 520 3200 4 1500 1250 1400 1650

500 13.8 0.4 750 4700 5 1600 1300 1500 2150
1000 13.8 0.4 1100 9000 6 1750 1450 1700 3600
1500 13.8 0.4 1700 14000 6 1950 1600 2000 4500
300 33 0.4 520 3200 4 1450 1400 1500 1850
500 33 0.4 750 4700 5 1650 1400 1600 2450
1000 33 0.4 1100 9000 6 1850 1500 1800 3700
1500 33 0.4 1700 14000 6 2000 1650 2100 5000

20
C - Utility Transformers “SEC”

2 - Pole Mounted Transformers

Pole mounted transformers are electric utility distribution transformers that are mounted on an electrical service
pole (wood or concrete) and are usually at the level of the overhead cables.

These transformers typically service urban and rural residential and commercial loads. Other uses include light
industrial and commercial lighting applications.

Technical Data
Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers
Transformer Type
Pole Mounted

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed

Standard 51-SDMS-03 & 04 (ALU) or 51-SDMS-01 & 02 (CU)

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group Dyn11

Ambient Temperature Ambient=55 Oil=45 Winding=50

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions ± 2×2.5 %

Pole Mounted Transformers SEC (Aluminium)
Rated Power No Load
kVA HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
Loss W

100 13.8 0.4 250 1500 4 1350 900 1600 650

200 13.8 0.4 380 2200 4 1450 1100 1700 900
300 13.8 0.4 520 3200 4 1450 1100 1700 1250
100 33 0.4 250 1500 4 1350 900 1600 950
200 33 0.4 380 2200 4 1450 1100 1700 1150
300 33 0.4 520 3200 4 1450 1100 1700 1400

Pole Mounted Transformers SEC (Copper)

Rated Power No Load
kVA HV(kV) LV(kV) Load Loss W Impedance% Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg
Loss W

100 13.8 0.4 250 1500 4 1350 900 1450 650

200 13.8 0.4 380 2200 4 1450 1100 1700 900
300 13.8 0.4 520 3200 4 1450 1100 1700 1400
100 33 0.4 250 1500 4 1350 900 1450 950
200 33 0.4 380 2200 4 1450 1100 1700 1150
300 33 0.4 520 3200 4 1450 1100 1700 1600

22
C - Utility Transformers “SEC”

3 - Unit Substations
The unit substation transformer is designed for commercial and industrial applications to convert distribution
voltages to utilization voltages. They are constructed to interconnect easily with both primary and secondary
switchgear.

Unit substations follow the system concept of locating transformers as close as practical to areas of load
concentration at utilization voltages to minimize the lengths of secondary distribution cables and buses.

Unit Substations are a compact solution for multiple functions, and can be used in either indoor or outdoor
applications.

General

56-SDMS-07, 56-SDMS-09 USS With aluminum transformer & aluminum busbars LVDP
Related Specification
56-SDMS-01, 56-SDMS-03 USS With copper transformer & copper busbars LVDP

Ambient Temperature Up to 55 C
Outdoor color RAL 7035 or RAL 7033
Location of Operation Outdoor
Degree of Protection Up to IP 54

Electrical Characteristics

Nominal Unit S/S Rating kVA 300, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 kVA
MV Rating kV 13.8 kV, 33 kV, 34.5-33kV (dual)
LV Rating V 400V, 230V, 400-230V (dual)
Rated Frequency Hz 60

Transformer

Rated Transformer kVA Up to 2000

Vector Group Dyn11
Low Voltage Board
Main Incomer A Up to 4000 A
Metering Devices Digital
Busbar Tin Plated Aluminum / Copper Busbar
LV Panel Distribution Units Branch MCCB/ Main Breaker / Both
Max Dimensions (Aluminium)

Rated Power kVA HV(kV) Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg

500 13.8 1500 1800 2200 2700

1000 13.8 1500 2200 2200 3600
1500 13.8 1800 2400 2200 5200
2000 13.8 2000 2500 2400 7300
500 33 1500 2000 2200 3100
1000 33 1700 2300 2200 4100
1500 33 1900 2400 2200 5700
2000 33 2200 2600 2400 7900

Max Dimensions (Copper)

Rated Power kVA HV(kV) Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight Kg

500 13.8 1500 1800 2200 2800

1000 13.8 1500 2000 2200 4100
1500 13.8 1800 2400 2200 5700
2000 13.8 2000 2500 2400 7400

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D - Special Transformers

1. PV Transformers
PV transformers are the ideal solution for photo voltaic systems. The Technology used along with the appropriate
sizing of the core, the framework, and the high quality materials used result in the most suitable product in terms of
quality, reliability, efficiency and cost effectiveness.

Technical Data

Transformer Type Three Phase, Photo Voltic Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed /Radiator

Standard IEC60076

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group* Dy11y11

Ambient Temperature* Ambient=50 Oil=50 Winding=55

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping* Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions ± 2×2.5 %

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

D - Special Transformers
2 - LV/LV Transformers
LV/LV transformers are generally in the range of hundreds of kVA and are frequently used for:
• Changing the low voltage level of:
• Auxiliary supplies to control and indication circuits
• Lighting circuits (230 V created when the primary system is 400 V 3-phase 3-wires)
• Changing the method of earthing for certain loads having a relatively high capacitive current to earth
(computer equipment) or resistive leakage current (electric ovens, industrial-heating processes,
mass-cooking installations, etc.).

Common Data Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers (Indoor or Outdoor Installation)

Standard - IEC60076

Rated Frequency Hz 60 or 50

Connection and Vector

- Dyn11
Group*

Top Oil °C 50
Max. Temperature Rise*
Average Winding °C 55

Type of Cooling - ONAN

Rated Primary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 1 KV

Rated Secondary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 1 KV

Winding Copper or Aluminum Conductors

Losses - As per Standards

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

26
D - Special Transformers
3 - MV/MV Transformers
MV/MV transformers are manufactured according to customer request in order to meet the technical features of the
plant where they will be installed. alfanar provides technical engineering support from the preliminary studies of
the transformer to assist the customer in the specification selection.

Common Data Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers (Indoor or Outdoor Installation)

Standard - IEC60076

Rated Frequency Hz 60 or 50

Connection and Vector

- Dyn11
Group*

Top Oil °C 50
Max. Temperature Rise*
Average Winding °C 55

Type of Cooling - ONAN

Rated Primary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 36 kV

Rated Secondary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 36 kV

HV Tapping Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions % ± 2x2.5

Winding - Copper or Aluminum Conductors

LI 75 / AC 28 / Um 12

LI 95 / AC 38 / Um 17.5
Primary Insulation Level
LI 125 / AC 50 / Um 24

LI 170 / AC 70 / Um 36

Losses - As per Standards

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

D - Special Transformers
4 - Dual Voltage Transformers

A dual voltage transformer can be defined as a transformer capable of providing two types of voltages, i.e. if the two
separate windings are connected in series, they will provide the sum of voltages supplied to the two coils and if the
two windings are connected in parallel, then the net voltage will be decreased. These voltages can be switched
within the transformer according to the type of output required by using a dual voltage switch.

Using a transformer which has reconnectable windings greatly reduces costs and saves time as many power
applications require a number of voltage levels for different machines, in this case using different types of
transformers is not a viable solution.

28
� On Low Voltage
Common Data Three phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers (Indoor or Outdoor Installation)

Standard - IEC60076

Rated Frequency Hz 60 or 50

Connection and Vector

- Dyn11
Group

Top Oil °C 50
Max. Temperature Rise
Average Winding °C 55

Type of Cooling - ONAN

Rated Primary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 36 kV

500-400 or 480-400 or 400-231,

Rated Secondary Voltage As per customer's request V
etc*

HV Tapping Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions % ± 2x2.5

Winding - Copper or Aluminum Conductors

LI 75 / AC 28 / Um 12

LI 95 / AC 38 / Um 17.5
Primary Insulation Level
LI 125 / AC 50 / Um 24

LI 170 / AC 70 / Um 36

Losses - As per Standards

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

� On Medium Voltage
Common Data Three phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers (Indoor or Outdoor Installation)

Standard - IEC60076

Rated Frequency Hz 60 or 50

Connection and Vector

- Dyn11
Group*

Top Oil °C 50
Max. Temperature Rise*
Average Winding °C 55

Type of Cooling - ONAN

Rated Primary Voltage As per customer's request kV 22/11 or 13.8-11 or 11-6.6 , etc

Rated Secondary Voltage As per customer's request kV Up to 1 kV

HV Tapping Off-circuit tap changer 5 positions % ± 2x2.5

Winding - Copper or Aluminum Conductors

LI 75 / AC 28 / Um 12

LI 95 / AC 38 / Um 17.5
Primary Insulation Level
LI 125 / AC 50 / Um 24

LI 170 / AC 70 / Um 36

Losses - As per Standards

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

D - Special Transformer
5- Oil Transfomrers with On-Load Tap Change (OLTC)

Onload Tap Changer: On-load tap changer (OLTC), also known as On-circuit tap changer (OCTC), is a tap changer
in applications where a supply interruption during a tap change is unacceptable, the transformer is often fitted with
a more expensive and complex on load tap changing mechanism.

Technical Data
Three Phase, Oil Immersed Distribution Transformers with
Transformer Type
On-Load Tap Change (OLTC)

Type of Breathing Hermetically Sealed /Radiator

Standard IEC60076

Rated Frequency 60Hz

Connection and Vector Group* Dyn11

Ambient Temperature* Ambient=50 Oil=50 Winding=55

Winding CU or ALU

Type of Cooling ONAN

HV Tapping* On load-circuit tap changer 17 positions ± 8×1.25 %

* Subject to change according to customer requirements

30
D - Special Transformers
6- Non-Mineral Oil Transformers (KNAN)

The designation of cooling types of oil distribution transformers depends on the fire point of the oil being used in
the transformer. Mineral oils are symbolized with “O” with minimum flash point 135°C as per IEC 60296- Ed. 4,
2012.
Non-mineral oils such as silicone oil, Synthetic Ester (which is also known in the market by the brand “Midel”) and
Natural Ester (vegetable oils) are designated with “K” since their fire point is above 300°C.
Each letter in KNAN transformer cooling stands for:
K - indicates a beyond 300-degree Celsius fire point
N - denotes Natural
A - is equal to Air
N - Natural
• 100% fire safety record
• High fire point >300˚C
• Classified as K-class
• Renowned resistance to ignition
• Midel doesn’t contribute to the fire
• Self-extinguishing (Fire extinguished in 7.5 Seconds)
• No risk of pool fires
alfanar High Temperature Transformers
The high temperature oil transformer is characterized by its high dielectric strength, high flash point, wide service
temperature range, low vapor pressure, good heat capacity values, low pour point, low viscosity change at extremely
high and low temperatures, and inertness to virtually all substrates.
Features
• High dielectric strength fluid
• High fire point > 300°minimal flammability and
high temperature stability
• Low viscosity change, low volatility
• High thermal oxidation resistance
• Chemically inert
• Low toxicity
• Compatible with most existing transformer
insulation systems
• Longer service life than conventional
transformer oils
D - Special Transformers
7- Transformer with hybrid insulation winding

There are three types of hybrid windings transformers.

The first type is a semi hybrid insulation windings transformer, mixed hybrid insulation windings transformer and
a full hybrid insulation windings transformer.

Three hybrid winding types share the use of conventional barrier insulation and the use of high-temperature
insulation on the windings.

32
6 - Accessories
Standard Accessories
1. Bushing

Transformer bushings connect the network cables to the primary and secondary windings through a metallic cover
while electrically isolating them.

The bushing’s rating is chosen depending on the voltage, current and applications.
Standard Accessories
a. LV Bushing
Max Max
Description
Voltage (kV) Current (A)

DT 1/250 1 250

DT 1/630 1 630

DT 1/1000 1 1000

DT 1 / 2000 1 2000

DT 1/3150 1 3150

DT 3/250 3 250

M12 M20
101
48
44

44 29
101
Ø24

DT1-KV/1000A
DT1-KV/630A
Max Max Max Max Max Max
Voltage Current Voltage Current Voltage Current
DT 1/250 (kV) (A) DT 1/630 (kV) (A) DT 1/1000 (kV) (A)

1 250 1 630 1 1000

M12
100 40
50 Ø17
144
72 54
40 20

17
48 24

Ø14
144
340

372

DT1-KV/3150A
DT1-KV/2000A
Max Max Max Max Max Max
Voltage Current Voltage Current Voltage Current
DT 1 / 2000 (kV) (A) DT 1/3150 (kV) (A) DT 3/250 (kV) (A)

1 2000 1 3150 3 250

Bushing St.1 Suitable for Low Voltage Side

34
Standard Accessories
a. LV Bushing
Max Max
Description
Voltage (kV) Current (A)

DT 3/630 3 630

Bar 3.6/850 3 850

Bar 3.6/1600 3 1600

Bar 3.6/2500 3 2500

DT 3/4500 3 4500

DT 3/6300 3 6300

50 50
M20 25 25

35 17
35 17

202
202

Max Max Max Max Max Max

DT3-KV/630A Bar3-KV/1600A
Voltage Current Voltage Current Voltage Current
DT 3/630 (kV) (A) Bar 3.6/850 (kV) (A) Bar 3.6/1600 (kV) (A)

3 630 3 850 3 1600

63
17 25
35
65
35

292

Max Max Max Max Max Max

Bar3-KV/2500A
Voltage Current Voltage Current Voltage Current
Bar 3.6/2500 (kV) (A) DT 3/4500 (kV) (A) DT 3/6300 (kV) (A)

3 2500 3 4500 3 6300

Bushing St.1 Suitable for Low Voltage Side

Standard Accessories
a. LV Bushing
Max Max
Description
Voltage (kV) Current (A)

Monoblock 1.1/800 1 800

Monoblock 1.1/1700 1 1700

Monoblock 1.1/2500 1 2500

Monoblock 1.1/4000 1 4000

63 63
18 18
25 25
35

35

Ø11 Ø11
216

Max Max Max 216

Max

MonoBlock1.1-KV/1700A
Voltage Current Voltage Current
Monoblock Monoblock
(kV) (A) (kV) (A)
1.1/800 1.1/1700
1 800 1 1700

70
18 63
18 25
25
35

35

Ø11 Ø11
216

216

Max Max Max Max

MonoBlock1.1-KV/4000A
MonoBlock1.1-KV/2500A
Voltage Current Voltage Current
Monoblock Monoblock
(kV) (A) (kV) (A)
1.1/2500 1.1/4000
1 2500 1 4000

Bushing St.1 Suitable for Low Voltage Side

36
 Standard Accessories
b. HV Bushing

M12 DIN Type Bushing

Max Max Creepage

Description
Voltage (kV) Current (A) (mm)

DT 20 NF/250 (440) 20 250 440

DT 30 NF/250(600) 30 250 600

30 / 250 - (1320) 30 250 1320

30 / 250 - (1650) 30 250 1650

M12 Heat Shrinkable Bushing

T 20NF/250AMP-(CD440) Description
Max
Voltage (kV)
Max
Current (A)
Creepage
(mm)

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD600) SH-17.5KV /250A-NI 17.5 250 170

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD1320) SH-36 KV /250A 36 250 450

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD1650) Shrinkable Material NOT in alfanar Scope of Supply

Plugin Bushing *

T 20NF/250AMP-(CD440) Description
Max Max Creepage

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD600)
Voltage (kV) Current (A) (mm)

PL 24/250 24 250 N.A.

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD1320) Suitable Elbow Connector NOT in alfanar Scope of Supply

MAX. Cable Size 120 mm.

T 30NF/250AMP-(CD1650)
Plugin Bushing *

Plug in 24KV250-AMP Description

Max Max
Creepage

Suitable Elbow Connector NOT

Voltage (kV) Current (A)

n ALFANAR Scope of Supply

PL 36/630 36 630 N.A.

MAX. Cable Size 120 mm

Suitable Elbow Connector NOT in alfanar Scope of Supply
MAX. Cable Size 300 mm.

Bushing St.2 Suitable for High Voltage Side

Plug* in
For36KV630-AMP
plugin bushing, suitable elbow connector to be used for cable connection.
Suitable Elbow Connector NOT
in ALFANAR Scope of Supply
MAX. Cable Size 300 mm
Standard Accessories

Polymer Type Bushing

Max Max Creepage

Description
Voltage (kV) Current (A) (mm)

24 kV/250 A 24 250 552

36 kV/250 A 36 250 1320

2. Cable Box
Cable boxes are enclosures for the transformer terminals. They provide
protection from hazardous access to terminals, and protect the terminals
from water, dust and mechanical impacts up to different degrees.

Protection degrees are described in IEC 60529. The cable box can be
either top or side accessible depending on customer requirements.

The degree of protection which alfanar offers is IP 54 according to IEC

60529.

3. Oil Level Indicator

Transformers can be equipped with an oil level indicator on the
conservator, on the cover or on the side, depending on the design.

Magnetic and prismatic types of oil level indicators are available.

4. Thermometer
The dial type thermometer indicates the maximum highest oil temperature
reached during a certain period.

Two contacts are optional to provide an electrical signal, the first is for an
alarm and the second for tripping.

5. Pressure Relief Valve

Hermetically sealed transformers can be equipped with a pressure relief
device, preset to 0.3bar/0.43bar.

When a pressure exceeding 0.3bar/0.43 bar occurs inside the transformer,

the pressure relief valve opens to evacuate the overpressure.

38
6. Earthing Terminal on Tank
Two earthing points are integrated in each tank, stainless stud, stainless flag with 12mm hole and stainless threaded
M10 terminal are the available earthing point types.

7. Drain Valve
The drain valve is used to drain or sample the transformer oil
from the transformer tank. These valves are fitted to the
transformer tank by welding the pipe of the valve to the tank.
These valves are 100% tested to ensure no leakages.

8. Tap Changer
The network voltage is usually not stable and varies between
different locations. To keep the secondary voltage at a nominal
value, a linear tap changer is used.

The transformer by default comes with 5 position and steps

2x±2.5.
Other types of tap changers and number of positions are
available upon request. The different taps are indicated on the
rating plate. The tap changer is off-circuit operated.

9. Lifting Lugs
Lifting lugs are used for untanking and lifting. 2 lugs are
supplied for units weighing up to 3.5 tons, 4 lugs for heavier
units.
Optional Accessories

1. DMCR Relay
A DMCR relay is a multifunctional device. It indicates the temperature and oil level
and is equipped with electrical contacts for:
• Gas formation
• Pressure excess
• 2 Temperature levels: alarm and trip

2. Oil Conservator
A cylindrical tank mounted on the supporting structure on the roof of the transformer
(main tank). The main function of the oil conservator is to provide adequate space for
expansion of oil inside the transformer for a breathing type tank transformer.

3. Buchholz Relay
The Buchholz Relay is used in conjunction with the conservator. Oil leakages, gas
formations, and quick oil flow to the conservator are internal faults detected by the
Buchholz Relay. Dry contacts are
provided to signal these alarms.

4. Air Breather
The air breather is installed on the oil conservator. During normal operation the oil
temperature changes resulting in an oil volume change, generating a bi-directional air
flow from and to the conservator. The air breather contains silica gel which absorbs the
air moisture. On delivery, the silica gel is pink, and becomes colorless when
moisturized. Silica gel can be recycled by heating to 120 degrees until the color turns
back to pink.

5. Roller
Bi-directional rollers are used for ground mounted units: diameter 125mm for ratings
up to 630 kVA, diameter 150/200 mm for higher ratings.

6. Winding Temperature Indicator

This device measures the LV and HV winding temperature. A winding temperature
indicator or WTI is also used as protection for the transformer.

40
7 - Package and Unit Substations
Design and Structure
alfanar Package and Unit Substations are completely self-contained solutions for power distribution that include
outdoor duty enclosure, medium voltage switchgear, distribution transformer, low voltage panel, and accessories
such as power factor improvement equipment, control and protection equipment, all providing a cost effective and
efficient total installation. It can be manufactured as a lighting substation (LSS), or Step Down/Step up substations,
MV/MV, MV/LV, LV/:V

The solution packages are built in accordance to IEC Standards and Saudi Electricity Company (SEC)
specifications, where the distinguished design provides the customer with a high level of flexibility to cover a wide
range of applications.

The construction of the unit substation is almost the same as the package substation but without the MV side.
MV Side (Ring Main Unit)

Each package substation contains the MV part which is in most cases the Ring Main Unit, known as the (RMU).
alfanar has designed its own RMU under the name of SFA-RM.

SFA-RMs are designed for the supply of sustainable energy and protecting electrical equipment in secondary
distribution networks up to 36kV.

SFA-RM units are the best solution for indoor/outdoor distribution substations.With their compact design they suit
various network applications such as transformer substations, wind power plants, industrial zones.

The SFA-RM SF6 gas insulated units offer the following

features:
• Compact design CESI type tested
• Switching units sealed in a SF6 gas filled stainless steel tank
• High level of operator safety and operating reliability
• Embedded cable testing compartment. Easy and safe cable
testing without cable connection removal
• High quality tank welding, leakage rate of less than 0.1%
per year
• Maintenance free unit with a life expectation of over 30
years
• Smart interlocking padlocking system for maximum
operator safety
• Different feeder combinations with switch disconnector and
vacuum circuit breaker
• Compatible with SCADA systems for remote control and
monitoring
• Motorized options for circuit breakers and switches
• High resistance to pollution and humidity
42
Technical Data Sheet
Rated Voltage Up to 36kV

Busbar Rating Up to 630 A

Rated Frequency 50 / 60 Hz

Rated Nominal Current for Ring Switch Up to 630A

Rated Nominal Current for Tee-off Feeder 200/400 / 630 A

21 KA / 1 Sec
Rated Short Time Withstand Current
21 KA / 3 Sec

A (FLR) 21 KA / 1 Sec ( indoor & Outdoor)

Rated Filling SF6 Gas Level for Insulation 1.2 bar (absolute)

Minimum Functional SF6 Gas Level 1.1 bar (absolute)

Relative Humidity 100%

IP Class (Gas Tank / Indoor / Outdoor) IP 67/ IP41 / IP54

Rated Lightning Impulse Withstand Voltage 95 kV-peak

Rated Power Frequency Withstand Voltage 38 kV-rms

Applied Standard IEC 62271-200

General purpose, three-positioned

Type of Switch-Disconnector
(OPEN-CLOSED-EARTHED)

Electrical Endurance
E3 / E0
Switch-Disconnector/Earthing Switch

Mechanical Endurance M1
Ring Switch
Feeder (S)
Nominal Current Up to 630 A

Short Circuit Making Current 21 kA (also valid for earthing switch) 54.6kA Peak

Applied Standard IEC 62271-103/102

Type of Breaker Vacuum

Electrical Endurance E3

Mechanical Endurance M1
TEE-OFF
Feeder (B)
Nominal Current Up to 630 A

Short Circuit Breaking Current 21 kA

Applied Standard IEC 62271-100

Transformer
The transformer is the main part of every package and unit substation, where the type is changeable based on
customer specification and application:

• Oil immersed conservator type or hermetically sealed or dry type transformers can be installed
• Transformer bushings can be located on top or side of transformer as per customer needs
• Wide range of transformer capacities up to 3150 kVA
• Typical kVA’s: 75, 100, 150, 160, 200, 250, 300, 315, 400, 500, 630, 750, 800, 1000, 1200, 1250, 1500,
1600, 2000,2500, 3000, 3150
• alfanar package and unit substations are designed for simple and easy transformer installation onsite or
integrated into the PSS in the factory

44
Low Voltage Panel
LV Panel is manufactured for safe distribution and efficient control of electricity in residential, commercial and
industrial premises.

alfanar LV products conform to most national and international standards.

• Incoming feeder options can be directly connected with circuit breakers and busbar links
• The LV busbar rating depends on the transformer rating
• Various number and ratings of outgoing feeders depend on transformer size and customer requirements
• Equipment for metering, protection, BMS, SCADA and control is available
• Incoming breaker up to 5000 A (Drawout/Fixed, Manual/Motorized)
• Current transformers
• Outgoing circuit breakers
• Sleeves busbar
• Special requirements-Auto transfer system (ATS), Power factor correction (PFC)
PSS Technical Features
General

Ambient Temperature Normal Operating Customer requirement

Outdoor Color RAL 7033, RAL7035

Location of Operation Outdoor

Ventilation Type Natural

MV and LV Up to IP 54
Degree of Protection
Transformer IP 23

Electrical Characteristics

Rated Voltage (kV) 11, 13.8, 17.5, 24, 36 *

Rated Frequency (Hz) 50, 60

Ring Main Unit

Load Break Switch (A) 400, 630

Transformer Feeder Circuit Breaker, Switch

Transformer

Rated Transformer Hermetically

Up to 3150 kVA
Sealed

Vector Group Dyn 11 *

Low Voltage Panel

Main Incomer Up to 5000 A

Metering Devices Digital, Standard

Busbar With Sleeves Tin, Silver Plated

Can be interfaced with building management

BMS
system for monitoring and controlling

Standard Ratings and Dimensions

kVA (13.8) 100-250 300-400 500-630 750-1250 1500-1600 2000-2500 3150

Length (mm) 2962 3200 3518 3518 3718 3877 4200

Width (mm) 1800 2200 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000

Height (mm) 2200 2200 2300 2300 2300 2300 2500

kVA (33) 100-250 300-400 500-630 750-1250 1500-1600 2000-2500 3150

Length (mm) 3200 3518 3518 3518 3718 3877 4200

Width (mm) 2200 2400 2400 2400 2600 2800 3000

Height (mm) 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2500

46
8 - Service
To complement its position as a market leader of transformer manufacturing and supply, alfanar provides testing
and commissioning services.

Our highly qualified and competent commissioning engineers undertake the complete electrical testing and
commissioning of transformers and ancillary equipment.

This service is split into two groups:

• Dead testing is performed on the circuits when the transformers are de-energized, and from the initial
testing of the circuits to outline the insulation resistance of the new circuits, and the continuity for the ring
circuits.

• Live testing is performed on the circuits if the result of the dead test has been recorded as unsatisfactory,
and once the installation has been put back together following the dead testing.

List of tests conducted:

1- Visual inspection
2- Measurement of insulation resistance
3- Measurement of winding resistance
4- Measurement of voltage ratio and vector group
5- Energizing the transformer
9 - Testing
alfanar believes that quality means absolute congruity and compliance with customer requirements and
international standards.

Therefore, alfanar has equipped its testing lab with the most modern testing equipment and instrumentation
devices to ensure conformity to the highest level of quality and safety, where every transformer produced by
alfanar is tested according to IEC Standards.

Routine Tests
1- Measurement of winding resistance
2- Measurement of voltage ratio and phase displacement
3- Measurement of short circuit impedance and load losses
4- Measurement of no-load losses and current
5- Dielectric routine tests
(separate source AC voltage withstand test and short duration induced over-voltage withstand test)
6- Measurement of insulation resistance

Type Tests
1- Temperature rise test according to IEC 60076-2
2- Lighting impulse test according to IEC 60076-3

Special Tests
1- Short circuit withstand test (as per IEC 60076-5)
2- Measurement of zero-sequence impedance(s) on three-phase transformers
3- Determination of sound levels (as per IEC 60076-10)
4- Measurement of the harmonics of the no-load current

48
10 - Inquiry Form
Ref No:

Customer Name :

Project :

CRM sub-opportunity :

Feature of the Transformer

1- Installation location Indoor Outdoor Other

2- Winding Material Copper Aluminum

3- Reference Standard I.E.C. 60076 SEC Standard Export Other

4- Installation Type P.S.S U.S.S Pad Pole

5- Bushing Top bushing L.V. Side H.V Side LV , HV Side

6- Type of oil sealing Hearmaticaly Conservator

7- Max. altitude from sea level of operating location of transformer < = 1000 >1000

8- Parallel operation required with another transformer Yes No

9- Transformer with tap changer Yes No

10- LV Cable box Without Side Top Top + Busbar

11- HV Cable box Without Side Top

Parameter of Transformer

1 Quantity Unit

2 Rated power kVA

3 Rated Primary Voltage at No Load & Connection Of Widing V Delat Star

4 Rated Secondary Voltage at No Load & Connection Of Widing V Delat Star

5 Rated Secondary Voltage at Full Load @ Spcified PF V

6 Voltage Sequance Step Down Step Up

7 Rated frequency 60 HZ 50 Hz

8 Vector group Dyn11 Dyn5 Ynd11

9 If any another remark, Please specify in detail

Optional accessories required

Use Standard Accessories ( Oil level indicator - Oil thermometer - Pressure relief valve.) Yes No

In Case Of No Please Choose From List And Add Your Requirment

Magnetic Oil Level Indicator (Side ) Yes

Vertical Oil Level Indicator ( Top ) Yes

Dial Type Thermomter (Top) Yes

Dail Type Thermomter(Side) Yes

Oil Thermomter With 2 Contact (Top) Yes

Pressure Relief Valve Yes

Roller Yes

D.M.C.R Rellay Yes

Thermowall Class 130 ( Scada RTD) Yes

If any additional Accessories required Please Insert Here

Design Paramter If Non Standard

NO load Losses : Watt Ambient Temp C

Load Lossess : Watt Oil Temp Rise C

Voltage Impedance : % Winding Temp Rise

Notes

50
Notes
For catalogue soft copy scan QR code MKT_129576_Dry Manual_Jan 2023

www.alfanar.com