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Laboratory Experiment No. 4

This laboratory experiment aims to construct and verify Thevenin's equivalent circuit using Multisim. Thevenin's theorem states that a two-terminal resistive network can be replaced by a voltage source in series with an equivalent resistor, whose value is equal to the open-circuit voltage and the resistance measured between the terminals with all sources deactivated, respectively. The maximum power transfer to a load occurs when the load resistance equals the Thevenin resistance. Students will build the circuit in Multisim to determine the Thevenin voltage and resistance, then manually compute the values to compare the accuracy of the methods.

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odrhey hernandez
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71 views3 pages

Laboratory Experiment No. 4

This laboratory experiment aims to construct and verify Thevenin's equivalent circuit using Multisim. Thevenin's theorem states that a two-terminal resistive network can be replaced by a voltage source in series with an equivalent resistor, whose value is equal to the open-circuit voltage and the resistance measured between the terminals with all sources deactivated, respectively. The maximum power transfer to a load occurs when the load resistance equals the Thevenin resistance. Students will build the circuit in Multisim to determine the Thevenin voltage and resistance, then manually compute the values to compare the accuracy of the methods.

Uploaded by

odrhey hernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laboratory Experiment No.

4
Thevenin’s Theorem
I. DISCUSSION
A two-terminal resistive network can be replaced by a voltage source in
series with an equivalent resistor. The value of the source voltage equals the
open-circuit voltage of the two terminals under consideration. The value of the
equivalent resistors equals the resistance measured between the open terminals
when all the sources of the circuit are deactivated (voltage source shorted and
current source opened). This is termed Thevenin’s theorem. The voltage source
is called Thevenin’s voltage (Eth) and the equivalent resistor, Thevenin’s
resistance (Rth).
The maximum power output to a variable output resistance occurs when
the value of the output resistance equals Thevenin’s resistance.

The value of the maximum output power or transferred power is given as

(𝐸𝑡ℎ )2
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
4𝑅𝑡ℎ
II. OBJECTIVES
The activity aims to:
1. To construct and verify Thevenin’s equivalent circuit using
Multisim.
III. MATERIALS
 Two dc power sources
 One multimeter
 Assorted resistors
 One variable resistor

IV. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

V. PROCEDURE
a. Simulation
1. Construct the circuit given in figure 2 on Multisim.
2. Remove the load resistor RL and connect a multimeter (or
voltmeter) to read the open-circuit voltage between A and B.
Simulate and record the voltage. This is Eth for this circuit
between A and B.
3. Remove the 10 V source. Replace it with a short circuit.
4. Remove the 5 V source. Replace it with a short circuit.
5. Connect a multimeter in the resistance measurement mode
(ohmmeter) between A and B. Run the simulation and record the
value of the resistor. This is Rth in figure 1.
6. Record the value gained in Table 1.
b. Manual Computation
1. Repeat steps 2 – 5 and finds the values of Eth and Rth using
manual computations using Thevenin’s Theorem. Considering
the Multisim results as the base value, compute the percentage
errors. Record the value gained in Table 1.
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑚 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = | |𝑥 100%
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑚 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔
Table 1: Simulation and experimental results for Thevenin Voltage and Resistance
ETH RTH
Multisim Simulation
Manual Computation
% Error

VI. ANALYSIS QUESTION


1. Compare the values obtained with Multisim with that carried out using manual
computation. Comment on the accuracy of the methods.
2. Solve figure 1 using Norton’s Theorem. Comment on the accuracy of the method.

VII. CONCLUSION

VIII. REFERENCES

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