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AQA Physics Unit 3 Particle Model of Matter Student Progress Sheet

This document summarizes a physics student's progress in understanding the particle model of matter, including states of matter, changes of state, and relationships between temperature, pressure, and volume for gases. Key topics covered are the density of materials, conservation of mass during phase changes, internal energy and energy transfers, specific heat capacity, specific latent heat, and how pressure, temperature and volume interact for gases.

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Gabriel Ho
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71 views3 pages

AQA Physics Unit 3 Particle Model of Matter Student Progress Sheet

This document summarizes a physics student's progress in understanding the particle model of matter, including states of matter, changes of state, and relationships between temperature, pressure, and volume for gases. Key topics covered are the density of materials, conservation of mass during phase changes, internal energy and energy transfers, specific heat capacity, specific latent heat, and how pressure, temperature and volume interact for gases.

Uploaded by

Gabriel Ho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AQA Physics GCSE Student Progress

Unit 4.3 - Particle Model of Matter


4.3.1. Changes of State and the Particle Model
4.3.1.1. Density of Materials
I can recall and apply the following equation:

density = mass / volume

ρ=m/V
a
density, ρ, in kilograms per metre cubed, kg/m3

mass, m, in kilograms, kg

volume, V, in metres cubed, m3


I know that the particle model can be used to explain:
b • the different states of matter;
• differences in density.
I can recognise / draw simple diagrams to model the difference between solids,
c
liquids and gases.
I can explain the differences in density between the different states of matter in
d
terms of the arrangement of atoms or molecules.
4.3.1.2. Changes of State
I can describe how, when substances change state (melt, freeze, boil, evaporate,
a
condense or sublimate), mass is conserved.
I know that changes of state are physical changes which differ from chemical
b
changes because the material recovers its original properties if the change is reversed.
4.3.2. Internal Energy and Energy Transfers
4.3.2.1. Internal Energy
I know that energy is stored inside a system by the particles (atoms and molecules)
a
that make up the system. This is called internal energy.
I know that internal energy is the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all
b
the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up a system.
I know that heating changes the energy stored within the system by increasing the
c energy of the particles that make up the system. This either raises the temperature
of the system or produces a change of state.

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AQA Physics GCSE Student Progress Unit 4.3 - Particle Model of Matter

4.3.2.2. Temperature Changes in a System and Specific Heat Capacity


I know that, if the temperature of the system increases, the increase in temperature
a depends on the mass of the substance heated, the type of material and the energy
input to the system.
I can apply the following equation (it will be provided on the physics equation
sheet):
change in thermal energy = mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change
Δ E = m c Δ θθ
b
change in thermal energy, ΔE, in joules, J
mass, m, in kilograms, kg
specific heat capacity, c, in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius, J/kg °C
temperature change, Δ θθ, in degrees Celsius, °C.
I know that, the specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy
c required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degree
Celsius.
4.3.2.3. Changes of Heat and Specific Latent Heat
a I know that the energy needed for a substance to change state is called latent heat.
I know that the specific latent heat of a substance is the amount of energy required
b
to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with no change in temperature.
I know that, when a change of state occurs, the energy supplied changes the energy
c
stored (internal energy) but not the temperature.
I can apply the following equation (it will be provided on the physics equation
sheet):

d energy for a change of state = mass × specific latent heat

E=mL energy, E, in joules, J mass, m, in kilograms, kg


specific latent heat, L, in joules per kilogram, J/kg
I know that the specific latent heat of fusion is the change of state from solid to
e
liquid.
I know that the specific latent heat of vaporisation is the change of state from liquid
f
to vapour.
g I can interpret heating and cooling graphs that include changes of state.
h I can distinguish between specific heat capacity and specific latent heat.

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AQA Physics GCSE Student Progress Unit 4.3 - Particle Model of Matter

4.3.3. Particle Model and Pressure


4.3.3.1. Particle Motion in Gases
a I know that the molecules of a gas are in constant random motion.
I know that the temperature of the gas is related to the average kinetic energy of
b
the molecules.
I know that changing the temperature of a gas, held at constant volume, changes
c
the pressure exerted by the gas.
I can explain how the motion of the molecules in a gas is related to both its
d
temperature and its pressure.
I can explain qualitatively, the relationship between the temperature of a gas and
e
its pressure at constant volume.
4.3.3.2. Pressure in Gases (Physics Only)
a I know that a gas can be compressed or expanded by pressure changes.
I know that the pressure produces a net force at right angles to the wall of the gas
b
container (or any surface).
I can use the particle model to explain how increasing the volume in which a gas
c
is contained, at constant temperature, can lead to a decrease in pressure.
I can apply the equation for a fixed mass of gas held at a constant temperature (it
will be provided on the physics equation sheet):

d pressure × volume = constant

p V = constant

pressure, p, in pascals, (Pa), volume, V, in metres cubed, (m3)


4.3.3.3. Increasing the Pressure of a Gas (Physics Only) (HT Only)
a I know that work is the transfer of energy by a force.
I know that doing work on a gas increases the internal energy of the gas and can
b
cause an increase in the temperature of the gas.
I can explain how, in a given situation e.g. a bicycle pump, doing work on an
c
enclosed gas leads to an increase in the temperature of the gas.

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