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    Geography Lesson 5

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    Debsruti Saha
    The document outlines the four major domains of the Earth: the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It then provides more details about the lithosphere (solid portion of Earth including continents and ocean basins) and hydrosphere (all of Earth's water resources). The seven continents - Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia - are each described briefly with one or two key details about each one.

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    Geography Lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    Debsruti Saha
    43 views5 pages
    The document outlines the four major domains of the Earth: the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It then provides more details about the lithosphere (solid portion of Earth including continents and ocean basins) and hydrosphere (all of Earth's water resources). The seven continents - Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia - are each described briefly with one or two key details about each one.

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    The document outlines the four major domains of the Earth: the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It then provides more details about the lithosphere (solid portion of Earth including continents and ocean basins) and hydrosphere (all of Earth's water resources). The seven continents - Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia - are each described briefly with one or two key details about each one.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    43 views5 pages

    Geography Lesson 5

    Uploaded by

    Debsruti Saha
    The document outlines the four major domains of the Earth: the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It then provides more details about the lithosphere (solid portion of Earth including continents and ocean basins) and hydrosphere (all of Earth's water resources). The seven continents - Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia - are each described briefly with one or two key details about each one.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Major Domains of the Earth

    FOUR MAJOR DOMAINS

    1. Lithosphere (Land) : solid portion of Earth on which we live


    2. Atmosphere (Air) : where gases like O2, N2, CO2 etc are found
    3. Hydrosphere (Water) : area covered by water
    4. Biosphere (Life forms) : narrow zone where land, water, air exists together; all forms of
    life

    Lithosphere

     Solid portion of Earth


     Rocks of Earth’s crust, thin layers of soil (nutrients)
     “Lithos”  stone
     2 main divisions of Earth’s surface:
    a. Continents: large landmasses
    b. Ocean basins: huge water bodies

    Continents
     Main landmasses of Earth.
     7 continents.
    o Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctica

    Asia
     Largest continent
     Covers about 1/3rd of total land area of Earth
     Eastern Hemisphere
     Tropic of Cancer passes through it
     Separated from Europe by the Ural Mountains on the west
     Combined landmass of Europe and Asia is called “Eurasia”.

    Africa
     2nd largest continent
     Equator: runs almost through its middle
     Major part lies in Northern Hemisphere
     Only continent  Tropic of Cancer, Equator and Tropic of Capricorn pass.
     Sahara Desert: world’s largest hot desert
     Nile: world’s longest river
    Europe
     Much smaller than Asia ( 2nd smallest continent )
     Lies to west of Asia
     Arctic Circle passes through it
     Bound by water bodies on 3 sides:
    o Arctic Ocean  North
    o Atlantic Ocean  West
    o Mediterranean Sea  South

    North America
    Narrow strip of land
     3rd largest continent
    joining two landmasses
     Linked to South America by “ of Panama”
     Lies in Northern and Western Hemisphere
     North  Arctic Ocean
     West  Pacific Ocean
     East  Atlantic Ocean

    South America
     Lies mostly in Southern Hemisphere
     East  Atlantic Ocean
     West  Pacific Ocean
     World’s largest mountain range  The Andes
     World’s largest river  Amazon

    Australia
     Smallest continent
     Lies entirely in Southern Hemisphere
     Surrounded on all sides by oceans and seas
     Island continent
     Tropic of Capricorn  runs through the middle
     Original inhabitants  Aborigines

    Antarctica
     Completely Southern Hemisphere
     Huge continent
     Located in South Polar region  permanently covered with thick ice (white continent)
     South pole lies almost at its centre
     No permanent settlements
     Research stations of different countres
    Hydrosphere

     Sphere of water
     Earth Blue Planet: 71% of Earth covered with water
     Water in all its forms  solids, liquids, gases
     Remaining water (oceans, rivers, lakes)
    o Ice (glacier)
    o Water vapour (atmosphere)
     About 97% of Earth’s water  oceans (saline)
     Rest of waters

    Glaciers, ice
    sheets,
    Fresh water
     Oceans
    o Inter connected
    o Always moving
    o 3 chief ocean waters movement Waves

    Ocean Tides
    currents
    o 5 major oceans:
    a. Pacific Ocean
    b. Atlantic Ocean
    c. Indian Ocean
    d. Southern Ocean
    e. Arctic Ocean

    Pacific Ocean
    - Largest
    - Spread over 1/3rd of Earth
    - Contains the deepest part of Earth: Mariana Trench
    - Surrounded by Asia, Australia, North America and South America

    Atlantic Ocean
    - 2nd largest
    - ‘S’ shaped South Europe Busiest Ocean
    America  from the point
    Western Eastern of view of
    - Side Side commerce
    North Asia
    America
    Southern Ocean
    - Encircles the continent of Antarctica

    Arctic Ocean
    - Located within Arctic Circle
    - Surrounds North Pole
    - Connected with Pacific Ocean
    o By a narrow stretch of shallow water  Bering Strait Narrow passage of
    water connecting
    two large water
    bodies like seas and
    oceans

    Atmosphere

    - Layer of air surrounding the Earth


    - Composition
    -
    -

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