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Geography Lesson 4

This document provides an overview of maps, including what they are, their components, types, and purposes. It defines maps as representations of Earth using a scale on a flat surface that can include features. It describes the different types of maps like physical, political, and thematic maps. It also outlines the key components of maps, such as scale, directions, geographic coordinates, symbols, and how small and large scale maps represent different distances on maps.

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Debsruti Saha
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61 views2 pages

Geography Lesson 4

This document provides an overview of maps, including what they are, their components, types, and purposes. It defines maps as representations of Earth using a scale on a flat surface that can include features. It describes the different types of maps like physical, political, and thematic maps. It also outlines the key components of maps, such as scale, directions, geographic coordinates, symbols, and how small and large scale maps represent different distances on maps.

Uploaded by

Debsruti Saha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 4 MAPS

 Representation of Earth diagrammatically


 On flat surface
 According to a scale
 Includes other features
 Scale
 Relationship between distance on the map and corresponding distance on the ground
 Example  10 km on ground = 1 unit on map
 Art of making maps  Cartography
 Many maps  Atlas
 Types of Maps
 General purpose of Maps General use

Information
Single map- on variety of

Temperature

Rainfall
Population Crops

Distribution

 Physical Maps:
o Show natural features of Earth
o Mountains, Plateaus, Plains, Rivers, Ocean etc.
o Relief maps

 Political Maps:
o Political dimensions
o Boundaries
o Countries, states cities, villages etc.
 Thematic Maps:
o Specific information
o Roads, rainfall, forests, industries etc.

 Directions
 4 directions  cardinal directions or points
 4 intermediate directions

N
NW NE

W E

SW SE
S

 Components of a Map
 Distance:
 Scale:  actual distance on the ground : the distance shown on the map
 Small distance in a paper  denotes a large distance on ground
 Small scale Map:
 Large areas are shown in map.
 Example  continent, countries
 5 cm on map  500 km on ground
 Large scale Map:
 Small areas are shown on map.
 Plan
 Example  village, town
 D
 5 cm on map  500 m on ground
r
 Geographic Coordinates
a
 Exact location of any place
w
 Latitudes and longitudes
i

 Symbols
 To show different features Buildings

Trees Bridges Roads

 Conventional symbols
 Various colours are used
Blue  water bodies  Sketch
 Irregular drawing
Brown  mountains
 Without and scale
Yellow  plateau  Rough  to know location
 Example  friend’s house
Green  plains

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