Vectors Basics Questions

Edexcel Maths GCSE - Vectors (FH) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
com
Q1.
The diagram shows a regular hexagon OABCDE.
= 12b
(a) Find , in terms of a and b.
.....................................
(1)
X is the midpoint of CD.
Y is the point on BC extended, such that BC : CY = 3 : 2
(b) Prove that O, X and Y lie on the same straight line.
Page 1
Edexcel Maths GCSE - Vectors (FH) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
(4)
(Total 5 marks)
Q2.
Diagram NOT accurately drawn
OABC is a parallelogram.
M is the midpoint of CB.
N is the midpoint of AB.
(a) Find, in terms of a and/or c, the vectors
(i)
.......................................................
(ii)
.......................................................
(2)
Page 2
(b) Show that CA is parallel to MN.
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q3.
= 2a + b
= 4a + 3b
(a) Express the vector in terms of a and b.

Give your answer in its simplest form.
.....................................
(2)
Page 3
XYZ is a straight line.

XY : YZ = 2 : 3.
(b) Express the vector in terms of a and b.

Give your answer in its simplest form.
.....................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
Q4.
Page 4
OAB is a triangle.
=a
=b
(a) Find the vector in terms of a and b.
= ........................................
(1)
P is the point on AB such that AP : PB = 3 : 2
(b) Show that (2a + 3b)
(3)
(Total 4 marks)
Page 5
Q5.
Diagram NOT
accurately drawn
Page 6
In the diagram,
= 4a and = 4b
OAC, OBX and BQC are all straight lines
AC = 2OA and BQ:QC = 1:3
(a) Find, in terms of a and b, the vectors which represent
(i)
.....................................
(ii)
.....................................
(4)
Given that = 8b
(b) Show that AQX is a straight line.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 7
M1.
Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance
(a) – 6b – 6a + 12b 6b – 6a 1 B1 cao
QWC (b) 4
= –6b – 6b + 12b M1 for attempt to find or sight of
(ii, iii)
= 6b – 6a ⅔(6b – 6a)
= 4b – 4a M1 for attempt to find or sight of

12b – 3a
= 12b – 3a
M1 for attempt to find or sight of
12b + 4b – 4a
= 12b + 4b–4a =
16b – 4a
A1 for OX : OY = 3 : 4 shows that OX
and OY are co-linear QWC: labelling
: =3:4 must be consistent and correct
Total for Question: 5 marks
M2.
(a)(i) 2
a B1 for a oe
(ii)
B1 for a– c oe
(b) 2
=a–c B1 for ( =) a – c or oe
B1 (dep) for correct proof, e.g. ‘ ’
(a – c)
Page 8
or ‘ is a multiple of ’
(NB: condone absence/misuse of vector notation)
M3.
(a) 4a + 3b – (2a + b) 2a + 2b 2
M1 ( ) or 4a + 3b – (2a + b) oe
or an intention to do
eg. –2a + b + 4a + 3b
A1 cao
(b) 7a + 6b 3
= 3a + 3b or M1 for oe or oe
(may be given in terms of a and b)
= 5a + 5b
= M1(indep) for (= 3a + 3b) or

2a + b + 5a + 5b
(“2a + 2b”) (= 5a + 5b)
A1 cao
SC : B2 for 7a + 9b or 7a + 11b
M4.
(a) b–a 1 B1 for b – a or – a + b oe
Page 9
(b) proof 3
M1 for oe
M1 for × “(b – a)” oe or
× “(a – b)” oe
A1 for a + × (b – a) oe or b + × (a – b) oe
leading to given answer with correct expansion

of brackets seen
M5.
(a) (i) 12a + 4b 4

M1
3b – a
A1 cao
(ii)
Page 10
Page 11
(b) Correct 3
, B1
reason, with
correct
working B1
= 4(–a + 3b)
C1 convincing explanation
Page 12
E2. The use of vector notation in this question was generally poor. In part (a)(i), about half
the candidates were able to score 1 mark for 1/2a. A common incorrect answer in part
(a)(ii) was 1/2a + 1/2c. In part (b), about a quarter of the candidates were able to write
down a correct vector for and show that CA is parallel to MN. Common correct
answers here were and (a – c).
E3. Over 70% of candidates failed to gain any marks for this question. Fully correct
solutions were seen from only 5% of candidates. Of those who made some attempt, most
added the vectors, and those who attempted subtraction often did 4a + 3b – 2a + b
omitting the brackets, they gained the method mark but not the accuracy mark. In part (b)
most just ignored the 3/2 and just added or subtracted the vectors given.
It was rare to see a vector equation written down. A few realised the significance of XZ :
YZ = 3 : 2 but applied it to OY or OX.
E4. Specification A
Part (a) was correctly answered by about half the candidates, but incorrect responses
included (ab)/2, a + b, a – b, and p. It appeared that candidates were confused by part b,
and it was noticeable that a lot of those who correctly responded to part (a) did not even
attempt part (b). There were some very neat logical arguments but on the whole the
responses were messy with lots of crossing out and arrows directing you to the next line
of their answer. Of those who gained some credit the most common mistake was using
PB instead of BP, (there was little appreciation that the opposite direction results in a
negative vector), followed by those who missed out brackets and hence only multiplied
part of the vector. Some candidates tried to draw a scale drawing as the proof. A few
candidates tried to give a justification in words.
Specification B
Page 13
Some candidates where able to write down a correct expression for the vector AB in terms
of a and b. Part (b) proved to be a challenge, even for those who scored in part (a). The
key ideas were to understand that OP = OA + AP by the triangle law and that AP = .
Those that did usually were able to expand the brackets correctly and achieve the correct
given answer.
Page 14

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Edexcel Maths GCSE - Vectors (FH) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

The diagram shows a regular hexagon OABCDE.

(a) Find , in terms of a and b.

X is the midpoint of CD.

Y is the point on BC extended, such that BC : CY = 3 : 2

(b) Prove that O, X and Y lie on the same straight line.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

(a) Find, in terms of a and/or c, the vectors

(b) Show that CA is parallel to MN.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

(a) Express the vector in terms of a and b.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

XYZ is a straight line.

(b) Express the vector in terms of a and b.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

(a) Find the vector in terms of a and b.

P is the point on AB such that AP : PB = 3 : 2

(b) Show that (2a + 3b)

OAC, OBX and BQC are all straight lines

AC = 2OA and BQ:QC = 1:3

(a) Find, in terms of a and b, the vectors which represent

(b) Show that AQX is a straight line.

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) – 6b – 6a + 12b 6b – 6a 1 B1 cao

= 4b – 4a M1 for attempt to find or sight of

Total for Question: 5 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

= M1(indep) for (= 3a + 3b) or

Total for Question: 5 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) b–a 1 B1 for b – a or – a + b oe

M1 for × “(b – a)” oe or

leading to given answer with correct expansion

Total for Question: 4 marks

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) (i) 12a + 4b 4

Total for Question: 7 marks

answers here were and (a – c).

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