2010

4 Charts in Excel

Learning Objectives
Understond the use of charts
elements and types of
charts
Know about different

Create a chart
Change the type, layout and style of a
chart
Move ond resize a chart

A chart
Acel allows you to represent the data and information in the form of charts. is a

plictorial representation of data. Charts make it easier to understand the large quantities of dat
They also help uscompare and analyse therelationship among differentparts of data.
Xou can use the data entered in a worksheet to create a chart. Excel automatically maintains
alink between the data and its corresponding chart. As you change or delete the data in the
worksheet, the chart also changes automatically

ELEMENTS OF A CHART
A chart has many elements (or components). Some of these elements are displayed
by default, while others can be added as and when required in the chart
Theelements of a chart are described below.
Axes A chart has different axes
t
x-axie isthe horizontal axis of
the chart.It isalsoknown as the category
axis
t
yaxis isthevertical axis ofthechart.
three-dimensional
hn knownasthevalue axis
also
In (3D) charts, a third axis, called z-axis, is also available.
Axis title: It is the title (heading) given to an axis
Data series These are the bars, lines, slices or other elementsthat represent
in a chart. You can plot more than one data series in a chart thedata values
Data table: It refers to the set of data values using which the chart is drawn.
Data points: These are the points that are plotted in the chart
Data labels These are used to identify the details of data points in a data series
 title: It is the title given to a chart. It is generally written on the top of the chart,
Charttitle: It
to derstand what the chart represents.
helps he user
area: It refers to the rectangular area that contains all the elements of a chart.
tarea:
Chart
t ar It refers to the rectangular area enclosed within the axes of the chart. The data
area:

is
plotted in this area.
It refers to a colour or pattern that identifies the data series. Each data series used
Legend:
hart in a
has a unique legend which makes it easier to distinguish them visually.
Gridlines: These are the horizontal or vertical lines that run across the plot area. They help
value of each data point on the chart.
identify the vai
o

Chart title
Data labels
Data

Height and Weight Records Chart area

170
0151160 65 165

L20 Gridlines
y-axistitle 59
-Plot area
Laksh Mohita Divya Rudra Ananya Sanv

in cms 151 160 165 170 165 154 150

Heght
Data table
Data series 60
Weght in kgs 55 55 58

Students Names

eght in cmsWeght in kgs

X-axis title
Legends

TYPES OF CHARTS
best suits
Excel supports various types of charts to present the data. You can choose the one that
commonly used chart types are column chart, line chart, pie
your requirement. Some of the
surface chart and radar chart.
chart, bar chart, area chart, scatter chart,
charts. It
following worksheet to create different types of
Note that we will use the data in the
shows the number of students in three sports
in five years.

B C D
A
Badminton Cricket Tennis
Year
35 56 48
2 Year 1
40 60 45
Year 2
38 52 54
Year 3
74 62
Year 4 29
67 65
Year 5 42

45
 Column Chart to llustrate chanos
vertical bars. It is used re nd
A Column chart displavs data in the form of e
Different categories are represent
diferent values.
Over a period of time or comparison among chart.
y-axis of the cia
represented on the v-axis
CX-axis and the values are

180
160
140
120
sTennis
100
Badminton sCrid
Cricket 50 sBadmintos
0
Tennis
20

Year Year2 Year3 yYear4

Year 5
Year1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

2-D Clustered Column chart 3-D Stacked Column chart

Line Chart
A Line chart displays data in the form of a line which is formed by connecting the data points
t is used to show changing trends in data at equal intervals such as months, years or quarters
Line charts are useful when:
there are many points to plot.
the trends in a series are more important rather than the height of individual
points asin
Column chart.

B0

70

50
Badminton
-Cricket Badminto
Tennis sCricket
20 Tennis
Tennis
Year1year
2 vear 3 Sadminton
year 4
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 year5

2-D Line chart

3-D Line chart

Pie Chart
The Pie chart displays data for a single data series in the form a circle.
of The complete circle
represents all the data points taken together (that is, the sum of data points).
Each individual
data point is represented by one slice ot the circular chart. The size of each slice shows its value
in proportion to the whole circle.

46
The following chart showsthe number of students in Baduinton in five years

Badminton
Badminto

2-0 Phe chat

30 Pe cha
Doughnut Chart
ADoughnut chart is a variation of Pie chart It also represents the relationship
of parts to the
hole However, the ditferenceisthatit can display multiple series of data. In a Doughnut chart
the datais arranged in theformof rings and cach ring represent a data series in the chart. For
cxample, in the chart shown below, the innermost ringg displays the number students in
of

o, while theoutermostring displays the number of students Tennis

in

Bar Chart
Like Column chart, a Bar chart also shows comparison among individual items using bars of
diferent herights. However, the bars in this chart are aligned horiaontally. It implies that the
categorins are represented on y-axis and the values are represented on x axis

20 Custered Bar chart 30 Sacked Bar chart

 Area Chart
rea chart is much similar
Lhe data series are plotted
with eet
to a Line chart but the area beneath the lines is filledwith
sercol
one on the top of another, displaying the total of all the es
each category. It highlights fe
themagnitude of change over time.

aTennis s tadmirts
Cricket sCrae
Sadiminton Tennis Tennic

Badminton
Year Year2 Year
Year4Year5
Year2
Year3 Year4 YearS

2-D Stacked Area

chart 3-D Area chart
Scatter Chart
cater chart (also known XY
cnart, the x-axis has numbers as chart) plots each data point with a marker. In a Scatter
instead of text values as in a Line chart. It is used to represent
edtonship with linked set of values such as price/sales, height/weight, the
in a Scatter chart etc. The poinis marked
can be connected with line
a but is generally used without connecting lines.

Badminton
ncridket
ATennis

Surface Chart
A Surface chart creates a three-dimensional
(3-D) view of data. It shows trends in values
across two dimensions in a continuous curve.
60-80
40-60
Tennis 20-40
Year1 B0-20
Year2
Year 3 8adminton
Year4
Year 5

48
Radar Chart
A Radar chart displays data values relative to the centre point. Each data series is plotted along
is starting
different axis s from the centre point to the outer ring. The values from the same data
a by lines.
series are connected

Vear S veat2
-Badminton
-cridet
-Tenni

Year 4 Year 5

CREATING A CHART
Before you start to create a chart, first
we need to enter data in a worksheet. In our case, we will
following figure.
use the data shown in the

Evaluation Record
2 Student Name Evaluation 1 Evaluation ll
3 Prateek 67 75

4 Saanjh 70
88
62
92
Mahima
Peher 95 94
Shaurya 82 90
8 Sehaj 76 65

To create a chart, follow these steps.

the chart. For
Select the range of cells containing data for which you want to create
example, A2:C8 in our case.
2. Click the Insert tab. The Charts group on this tab contains
different chart buttons.

Line Area
Pie Scatter
Column
FBar OOther Charts
Charts
Cick on any of the chart buttons. A list of chart subtypes is displayed.
49
 Select the desired chart btype from the list. For example,
t Stack
we have selectedthe

Column chart subtype of the 2-D Column chart type.

The specified chart for the selected data appears in the worksheet.

umn

-0 Column

O Column
Ohan foe femgats omColnn Dra

Chart

linder luatie ecoro

StudentNaneEvalustion

Peher

Pyramid

Prel laa shme Pler rn e

l An Chart lyoes

Changing the Chart Type

After inserting a chart in a worksheet, you
can change its type anytime you want. lo change the
chart type, follow these steps.
1. Click on the outer boundary of the chart
to select it. The Design, Layout and Format tabs
appear on the Ribbon.
2. Click the Design tab.

et ge Layout Fofmuias Data Revievw Vew Design

LayoutFom

Change eA
Chart Type Template Row/column Data
1yp
Dats yoU

3. Click the Change Chart Type button

dialog box appears. (in the Type group. The Change
Chart Type
Select the new chart type from the left pane
and the desired subtype from
the right pane.
ange nat ype

Tegaaes Column
Column

une

Bar

XYScater)
Stod

Surtace
AS
Doughnut

Bubbie

Racar

Benege enpates
et Defat Ohrt

50
5. Click OK. The existing chart type will be replaced by the selected chart
type.

ll
100

20 Evaluation Record
Evaluat ion l Evaluation Recond
100 Evaluat ion
Evaluat ion Record
Evaluat ion Eveluation Re co d
Evaluation

Prateek Saanjh Mahima Peher Shrauya Seha Prateek Saanjh Mahima Peher Shrauya Sehaj

initial chart
changed chart type

Changing the Chart Layout

Excel allows you to change the way a chart and its various elements are displayed. To change the
layout of a chart, follow these steps.
1. Select the chart whose layout you want to change.

2 Click the Design tab.

Click the More button (F) in the Chart Layouts group. A list of different types of layouts
3 appears.

4. Select the desired layout for the chart from the list. The layout of the selected chart is
changed.

Chart Title
Evel in tecond Evalaton tvakutan Bem valuaton

lli
Evaluat on Recond
vskut ion
tvaluat on lecod
Evaluation

Prateek Seha Pree Saenh Mahina Peber Sraye seh

Sanh Mahime Peher Shewya

initial chat chart after changing the layout

51
 Changing the Chart Style
attractive. Too change
style ofthe chart to make it look more
You can change the visual change
the
of a chart, follow these steps. st
1.
Select the chart whose style you want to change.

Chck the Design tab and then click the More button () om-right
at the bottom-right Corner
Cor.
the Chart Styles group. A gallery of readymade chart styles appears.

3. Select the desired

chart style from the gallery.
The selected style is
applied to the chart. Chart Title
Evaluation Record Evaluation
Evluation Record Evaluation

67 70 5

Try in Lab Prateek Saanjh Mahima Peher Shrauya

76

Seha

Open MS Excel program

and perform the following
1. Type the following step
data in a worksheet.

1 Day Monday Tuesday

D

2 Expenses (6) Wednesday Thursday

30 Friday Saturday
18
4 15
2. Select the range 19
20
A1:G2 and click the Insert tab.
3. Click the Pie button
create a Pie chart.
(Pie) in the Charts group
and choose the desired
subtype to
Expenses( %6)

Monday
Tuesday
Wednesdy
mThursday
Friday
Saturday

52
 Onthe Design tab, click the More button ( ) in the Chart Layouts group and then
choose Layout 6 from the drop-down list.

Expenses (%)

wednesda
Thundey

awday

Layout6

Change style of your chart to Style 8.

5
Expenses (6)

Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday

Thuno
Proy

Saturday

dding Chart Elements

You
can add many elements to a chart such as chart title, axis titles, legends, data labels and data
table. To add elements to a chart, follow these steps.
1 Select the chart to which you want to add the elements.

2 Click the Layout tab. The Labels and Axes group contain the chart elements buttons.

Legend
Data Labels
Chart
Data
Axis Axes Gridlines
Table
Title Titles Data
Axes
Labels
3. Click on the button of chart element you want to add and select the
desired option from
Show Data Table with Legend
the submenu that appears. For example, we have selected
Aeys option from the submenu of Data Table element.
53
 200
180
160
Data Table 140
120
None 100
Do not show a Data Table Evaluat
80 ion
sEvaluationi
0
Show Data Table
Show Data Table below the chart 20
but without Legend Keys shrauy
Show Data Table with Legend Keys Pratee sa anjh Mahi Peher a sehaj
ma
Show Data Typle below the chart
and include layend Keys Evaluat ion
75 62 92 94 90
65
7088 9582
76
More Data Table Options
Evaluat ion 67

Similarly, you can add more elements to the chart.

MOVING AND RESIZING CHARTS

ou can move a chart from one worksheet to another or insert it as a separate sheet (with on]
chart in it). You can also change the size of a chart, it
require
To move a chart, follow these
steps.
1. Select the chart.
2. Click the Design tab.

3 Click the Move Chart button

() in the Location group. The Move Chart dialog bo
appears. hart

Move Chart

Choose where you want the chart to

be placed:

Newgheet: Chart1

D Qbject in:
SheetB

OK Cancel

4. Select the New sheet option to move the chart on a new

separate sheet.
OR
Select the Object in option to keep the chart in an already existing
sheet. If you select
option, select the desired sheet from the drop-down list box. this
5. Click OK.
To resize a chart, follow these steps.
1. Select the chart.
54
 thethe mouse pointer at any of the corners of
Position chart. The mouse pointer changes to
double-headed arrow ((%).

. Click and drag the mouse inward or outward to change the size of the chart.

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60 Evaiuption
:0 Evaluption
0

PrGEsaanjh Mamhi
Shrauy
k aitn ma ener Seha
Evaluation 75 62 92 94 90 65
Evaluation67 70 8895 82 76

SPARKLINES
Asnarkline is a mini chart placed inside a single cell of the worksheet. It provides
a visual
renresentation of data. Sparklines are used to show trends in a
series of values. Excel allows you
to create the following three types of sparklines.
Line: It shows the trends in data at equal interva
Column: It illustrates changes in data over a period of time or comparison among different
items.
Win/Loss: It indicates whether a cell value is positive (a win), negative (a loss) or
zero (a
tie).
To create a sparkline, follow these steps.
1. Select the data of a single row or select all the data if you want to create multiple sparklines
at once. Make sure that column headings are not included in the selection. For example,
we have selected B3:D7 in the following worksheet.

A B
C D

First Quarter Sales Record

2 Salesman Code Jan Feb Mar Sparklines
3 S001 400 600 750
SO02 800
4 900 1100
5 S003 100 160 200
6 S004 450 700 650
7 SOO5 1200 900 1000

55
 2. Click the Insert tab.
3. Click one of the Line (EE Une ), Column (K Column) or Win/Loss 2 Win/loss ) bu
(

the Sparklines group. The Create Sparklines dialog box appears showing the selecte
Aed
range in the Data Range box. dad

Create Sparklines

Choose the data that you warnt

ELine Qata Range: 83:07

l Column Choose where you want the sparklines to be placed

Win/Loss Loca bon Range:

Sparklines OK Cancel

pecity the cell range where

you want to insert the sparklines in the LOCation
10u can specify the Range boy
cell range either by
Cxample, we have specified typing or by selecting it in the worksheet.
For
the cell range $E$3:SES7 (indicated
by marquee) by selection

First Quarter Sales

Sleshan
Record
code
S001
an
U0
so02 O00 80
LI00 00
160
700
450
200
CreateSp
s
Choose bhe
data that you want
aa ange: 83:07

Choose shere you

want Bhe sparkines
to be placed
ocabon Range:
ES3E5

OK Cance
5. Click OK. The
selected type
of sparklines gets
inserted in the
specified cell range.
First Quarter Sales
Salesman Code Record
Jan Feb
SO01 Mar Sparklines First Quarter Sales
SO02 600 750 Salesman Code Record
5 SO03 1100 SO01 Feb
00
300 ar
6 004 160
200 002
400
450 S0
S005 /00 O03 800
00 00 LO00 004 00

SO09 700
Line sparklines 200
0 DO0

Column sparklines

First Quarter Sales

Salesman Code Record
SO01
an Feb Mar
400 600
SO02
S00 100
SO03
100 160
SO04
450 700
S005 1200 900

Win/Los sparklines
Design Tab
insert or select a sparkline, the Design
When you tab appears on
the Ribbon.
Iniert Page Layout Formulas Data
Home Review
View
Fie High Point First Point
Design
l LowPoint LastPoint
Line Column
Win/tos
Negative Points Markers e Group
Edit
Data Type Show 1ungroup
Axis
STAUNE
style Clear
Group

Vol can
do the following using options on this tak
To change the type of sparkline, click the button
of desired sparkline
group. type in the Type

B C B
First Quarter Sales Record C D
Feb Mar First Quarter Sales
Salesman Code Jan Sparklines Salesman Code Record
400 600 Jan Feb
750 3 SO01 Mar Sparklines
3 S001 900 1100 800 400 600
750
4 SO02 4 S002
900
100 160 200 1100
S003
5s003
S004 450 700 650 6 SO04
100 160
6 1200 900 1000 450 700
ZS0O5 7 S005
1200 900 1000
changing from Line sparklines
to Win/Loss sparklines

To change the style of sparkline, click More button

() in the Style group and choose the
desired style from the gallery of built-in styles.

v
A B
D
First Quarter Sales Record
Salesman Code an Feb Mar Sparklines
sO01 00 600 750

w
SO02
w S003
900
100
1100
160
800
200
S004 50 700 650
7 SoO5 1200 900 1000
8

To change the colour of sparklines, click the Sparkline Color button (

Sparkline Color ) in
the Style group and select the desired colour from the drop-down list. You can also change
the colour of markers by clicking the Marker Color button (Marker Color ) and selecting
the desired colour from the submenu that appears.

57
 ZSparkline Color
Cotor
Marker
Theme Colors Points Colors
Begathve
Theme
Mane
First Quarter Sales Record
Pount

lliii l
Bgh e Mar
Code
Low
Point alesna 400
100
Point
Eirst
Colors S004 00
Standard Colors Last Point Standard
03 430
S004
Recèht Colors Recent Colors
changing colours
More Color
sparklines after
More Colors..
Weight menu
E Marker Color
Sparkline Color menu
next to 2Clear
sparklines, click the arrow Clear yected
Sparklines
To delete the
the Group group and Sparkline Group
Clear button (2 Clear ) in
Clear Selected
Sparklines option from 2
select the Clear Selected
the drop-down list.

Tryin Lab
following steps.
Open MS Excel program and perform the
C
1 Type the given data in a worksheet. StudentsMarks
tudentt EnglishMaths Computes

yot
surbhi 87
Aakash
Avni 76

Deepika
Madhur 00
Soumya
10 Angad

2. Type heading Sparklines' in cell E2 and

format it like D2.
3 Select the range B3:D10 and
insert Win/Loss sparklines in the cells E3:E10.
4. Change Win/Loss sparklines
to Column sparklines from the Type
5. Choose Light Blue colour group on Design tab.
from the Sparkline Color
6. Click the Marker Color
menu.
button and select Red
and Orange colour from colour from the High
the Low Point submenu. Point submenu
Sparkline Color
Marker Color
Theme Colors
egative Points Marker Color
Markers
Negative Points
Bgh Point Markes
herne Colors
ow Point
2High Point

Standard Colors Last

Eirst Point

Point
ow Point
Theme
Eirst Point Color

Recent Colors Last oint

Standard Colors

More Colors..
Ra mnnuu
Rece Colors
Weight Standard
Colors
More Colors
Recent

More Colors
58
 like this after all1
The worksheet will look B D

changes. Students' Marks

the above Student ComputerSparkline
English Maths
Name Science
Jyoti
4 Surbhi 87 38 39

5 Aakash 5 6 4
Avni 6 58

7 Deepika 89 0 84

8 Madhur 95 100 96

9 Soumya 91 39 34

10 Angad 95 8

QUICK
RECAP
A chart is a pictorial representation of data.
A chart has many elements, including axes, axis title, data series,
data table, data points, data labels, chart title, chart area, plot area,
legend and gridlines.
Excel supports various types of charts to present the data. Some of
the commonly used chart types are column chart, line chart, pie
chart, bar chart, area chart, scatter chart, surface chart and radar
chart.
After inserting a chart in a worksheet, you can change its type, layout
and style. You can also add elements to the chart.
it as a
You can move a chart from one worksheet to another or insert
of
separate sheet (with only chart in it). You can also change the size
a chart, if required.
cell of the worksheet.
A sparkline is a mini chart placed inside a single
It provides a visual representation of data.

Excel allows you to create three types of sparklines: Line,

Column
and Win/Loss.

TEACHER's NOTE
Make the students understand the use of charts in worksheet.
a
be modified
Demonstrate to them how a chart can be created in Excel and how it can
in various ways.
Introduce them to sparklines and how they can be inserted in a worksheet.

59
 EXERCISES
TIME FOR figure.
1. Label the chart elements in
the given

Record
Students' Test

Ja

Teat

Fill in the blanks. in a data seria

2.
identify the details of data points eries.

a.
are used to
bars.
form of vertical
chart displays data in
b. A worksheet
chart placed inside a single cell of the
is a mini
c. A
chart data.
button to filter the
d. You can use the
value is positive, negati
sparkline indicates whether a cell
e. The
zero.

3. Circle the correct option.

a. The vertical axis of a chart is also known as

(ii) X-axis (ii) Value axis

() Category axis

b. The points that are plotted in the chart are called

(i) Data points (ii) Data series (iii) Data labels

C. Which of the following charts can display data only for a single data series?

(i) Line (ii) Bar (ii) Pie

d. Which of the following charts plots data in concentric circles?

(i) Pie (i) Radar (ii) Doughnut

60
 which of the following types of sparkline shows trends in data at
equal intervals?
Line (ii) Column
() (ii) Win/Loss

tick (V) for the correct statements and a cross (*)

for the wrong ones.
vou change the data in the
As worksheet, the chart also changes automatically

hAn Area chart highlights the magnitude

of change over time. 8
You can plot your data using a combination of different types of charts.

d. Once you create a chart, you Cannot change its type.

eWhenyou select a chart, only the Design tab appears on the

Ribbon.

Answer the questions.

5.
a. What is a chart?

b. What are the uses of charts?

C.Define the following chart elements.

) Data series (i) Data table

(ii) Data labels (iv) Legend

d. List the steps used to change the layout of a chart.

e. How is chart area different from plot area?

f.Give differences between the following types of charts.

() Pie chart and Doughnut chart

(ii) Line chart and Area chart

(ii) Column chart and Bar chart

g. How will you resize a chart?

h. What do you mean by sparkline? Explain the three types of sparklines.

6. Application-based questions.
a. Mohini has created a Bar chart in an Excel worksheet. Now, she wants to change the type
of chart to Column chart. How can she do this?
b. Garv wants to move his chart to a new worksheet. Name the tab, group and command that
he should use to move the chart.

C. Ananya owns a play school. She wants to graphically represent a comparative analysis of
the salaries of teachers in her school. Suggest the most suitable chart type for achieving the
same.

61
 to analyse the
factory. He wants to create a chart
manager in a garment itable for
suitable for
d. Rohit is a not sure which chart type is hisda
company for the last 10 years. But he is
his
type?
help him to select a suitable chart
) Which option can

contains this option.

(ii) Name the tab and group that

TIME FOR ACTIVITIES

Open a blank workbook and type the data as shown in the worksheet.
Now, perform the following operations.
Sales Repot
a. Create a Column chart for the data.

b. Change the chart type to Line chart. Name January February March

Ronit 56 56 67
C. Change the layout of the chart. 76 65 76
Neil
Sumit 45 b6 76
d. Apply a different style to the chart. 6
Pranav 87 98
e. Add data labels, data table, axis titles and chart Kaman 78
8
title elements to the chart. Ashish 87
9
10 Pankaj 56
11 Varun 87
12 Ajay 0 80
13 Raman 90 85 90

2 Find information on the main gases that make up our atmosphere

on the Internet. Enter this
data in a worksheet and then create a Pie chart to show the
percentage of these gases.
Create Line sparklines for the data in the worksheet given on
the right.
a. Change the type of sparklines to Column sparklines.

b. Change the colour of sparklines according to your choice.

c. Delete the sparklines.

C D E
Attendance of Employees in Percentage
2 Employee Code Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Sparklines
3 E01 67 78 76 74
4 E02 89.5 98
5 E03 85 0 96
6 E04 65.5 72 79 5.5
7 EO5 0 75.5 83.5 88
E06 94 36 88.5

62