STUDENT ASSESSMENT

BOOKLET
HLTINF001 COMPLY WITH INFECTION
PREVENTION AND CONTROL POLICIES AND
PROCEDURES

Student first name: _______________________________________________________________________

Student last name: _______________________________________________________________________

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 ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW
This Student Assessment Booklet includes all your tasks for assessment of HLTINF001 Comply with infection
control policies and procedures.

ABOUT YOUR ASSESSMENTS

This unit requires that you complete 4 assessment tasks. You are required to complete all tasks to
demonstrate competency in this unit.

Assessment Task About this task

Assessment Task 1: Written questions You must correctly answer all 33 questions to show that you
understand the knowledge required of this unit.

Assessment Task 2: Case study You are to read the three case studies and complete the
questions that follow.

Assessment Task 3: Role play You are to demonstrate the ability to clean up a
simulated bodily fluid spill (vomit).

Assessment Task 4: Journal You are to complete a journal about how they follow infection
control procedures at work.

Supporting resources
You may like to look at the following websites, books and documents for more information about the topics
related to this unit:
 Croft, H 2013, The Australian Carer 3rd edn, Pearson Australia, Frenchs Forest, NSW
 Model WHS Regulations, http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/swa/about/publications/pages/
model-whs-regulations
 Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare :
https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/cd33_infection_control_healthcare_14
0616.pdf

How to submit your assessments

When you have completed each assessment task you will need to submit it to your assessor.
Instructions about submission can be found at the beginning of each assessment task.

Assessment Task Cover Sheet

At the beginning of each task in this booklet, you will find an Assessment Task Cover Sheet. Please fill it in for
each task, making sure you sign the student declaration.
Your assessor will give you feedback about how well you went in each task, and will write this on the back of
the Task Cover Sheet.
Make sure you photocopy your written activities before you submit them – your assessor will put the
documents you submit into your student file. These will not be returned to you.

Assessment appeals
You can make an appeal about an assessment decision by putting it in writing and sending it to us. Refer to
your Student Handbook for more information about our appeals process.

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Assessment plan
The following outlines the requirements of your final assessment for this unit. You are required to complete all
tasks to demonstrate competency in this unit.
Your assessor will provide you with the due dates for each assessment task. Write them in the table below.

Assessment Requirements Due date

1. Written questions

2. Case study

3. Role play

4. Journal

AGREEMENT BY THE STUDENT

Read through the assessments in this booklet before you fill out and sign the agreement below. Make sure
you sign this before you start any of your assessments.
Have you read and understood what is required of you in terms of assessment?  Yes  No

Do you understand the requirements of this assessment?  Yes  No

Do you agree to the way in which you are being assessed?  Yes  No

Do you have any special needs or considerations to be made for this assessment?  Yes  No
If yes, what are they?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you understand your rights to appeal the decisions made in an assessment?  Yes  No

Student name: ______________________________________________________________________________________

Student signature: ______________________________________________________ Date: ________________________

Assessor name: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor signature: _____________________________________________________ Date: ________________________

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 ASSESSMENT TASK COVER SHEET – ASSESSMENT TASK 1

Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately for this task.
Make sure you have kept a copy of your work.

Name:

Date of birth: Student ID:

Unit:
 HLTINF001 Comply with infection control policies and procedures

Student to complete Assessor to complete

Student
Resubmission? Sufficient/
Assessment Task Y/N initials insufficient Date

Written questions

STUDENT DECLARATION

I _________________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.

None of this work has been completed by any other person.

I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s.

I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.

I understand that if I am found to be in breach of policy, disciplinary action may be taken against me.

Student signature: ___________________________________________________________________________________

Student name: ______________________________________________________________________________________

Date: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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ASSESSOR FEEDBACK
Assessors: Please return this cover sheet to the student with assessment results and feedback.
A copy must be supplied to the office and kept in the student’s file with the evidence.

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____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor signature: __________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor name: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Date: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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 ASSESSMENT TASK 1: WRITTEN QUESTIONS

TASK SUMMARY:
 This is an open book test – you can use the Internet, textbooks and other documents
to help you with your answers if required.
 You must answer all 33 questions correctly.
 Write your answers in the space provided.
 If you need more space, you can use extra paper. All extra pieces of paper must
include your name and the question number/s you are answering.
 You may like to use a computer to type your answers. Your assessor will tell you if
you can email them the file or if you need to print a hard copy and submit it.

WHAT DO I NEED IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THIS ASSESSMENT?

 Access to textbooks and other learning materials.
 Access to a computer and the Internet (if you prefer to type your answers).

WHEN DO I DO THIS TASK?

 You will do this task in your own time.
 Write in your due date as advised by your assessor: ____________________________________

WHAT DO I NEED TO DO IF I GET SOMETHING WRONG?

If your assessor marks any of your answers as incorrect, they will talk to you about resubmission. You will
need to do one of the following:
 Answer the questions that were incorrect in writing.
 Answer the questions that were incorrect verbally.

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QUESTION 1
Provide a definition and one example of the following terms.

Term Definition Example

Hazard A hazard is any situation that poses a For example, a hazardous chemical spill
threat to the safety of individuals. This can would pose a threat to anyone who comes
include anything from a dangerous in contact with it.
chemical spill to severe weather
conditions. hazards can vary greatly in
terms of severity, and it's important to be
aware of potential dangers in your
environment in order to stay safe.

Risk There are many different types of risks that For example, if you're driving in a storm,
we face every day. Some risks are small, there's a risk of getting into an accident.
like getting a paper cut, while others are
much more severe, like being in a car
accident. We often take measures to
reduce the risks we face, such as wearing
a seatbelt when driving or using sunscreen
to protect ourselves from the sun's harmful
rays.

Risk control Risk control is the process of assessing One example of risk control would be
and mitigating risks. performing a background check on
There are many different types of risk someone before hiring them.
control measures that can be taken,
depending on the particular situation.
Some common risk control measures
include things like screening and
background checks, security protocols,
insurance coverage, and so on.

Risk The risk management process is a For example, if you're concerned about the
management systematic approach to identifying, possibility of your house getting
process assessing, and controlling risks. It typically burglarized, you would first identify the
includes four steps: potential risks (e.g., burglars could break in
1. Identify the hazards through a window or door). Then you
would assess how likely it is that those
2. Assess the risks risks will become reality (e.g., by looking at
3. Control the risks crime statistics in your area), and finally
4. Monitor and review the risks develop mitigating strategies to minimize
the chance of a burglary happening (e.g.,
by installing an alarm system or keeping
valuables hidden away).

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QUESTION 2
Explain the requirements of PPE under Regulation 44–47 of the Model WHS Regulations.
You can access the Regulations at
http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/swa/about/publications/pages/model-whs-regulations.)

From what I can understand, the requirements for PPE under Regulation 44–47 of the Model WHS
Regulations are that employees must wear PPE when there is a risk to their health or safety while they are
at work. This includes risks from working with hazardous materials, in dangerous environments, or where
there is a risk of injury.
Wearing PPE can help to protect employees from risks such as exposure to hazardous materials,
dangerous environments, or potential injuries. By wearing the proper PPE for the job, employees can help
to keep themselves safe while they are working.

QUESTION 3
Complete the missing fields (hazard type or consequence) in the table below.

Hazard Potential harm/consequence

Loud noise Loud noise can potentially cause harm to a person's

hearing if it is loud enough and exposure is
prolonged. It can also cause other health problems
such as stress, anxiety, and sleep disorders.

Electricity Can cause shock, burns, fire or even death

Stress There are a variety of potential harms that can come

from stress. These can include physical health
problems like high blood pressure, heart disease,
and stroke; mental health problems like anxiety and
depression; and even social problems like strained
relationships. It's important to manage your stress
levels to avoid these potential consequences.

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 Hazard Potential harm/consequence

Rashes Can cause respiratory infections or illness, cancer,

acid burns or dermatitis

Manual tasks Short term and superficial injuries, long term injuries
and mental health issues.

Working from a height Common cases include falls from ladders and
through fragile surfaces.

Accident If hit or caught, can cause fractures, bruises,

dislocations, lacerations, serious injury or death

Infectious material A few types of infections have been linked to a long-

term increased risk of cancer: Human
papillomavirus is linked to cervical cancer.

QUESTION 4
Explain each of the following precaution types and provide an example for each.

Precaution type Explanation and example

Contact precaution There are a number of different contact precautions that can be taken,
depending on the type of infection or illness involved. Some common
measures include washing your hands regularly, avoiding close contact with
people who are sick, and disinfecting surfaces that could be contaminated.
An example would be washing your hands regularly and avoiding close
contact with people who are sick.

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 Precaution type Explanation and example

Droplet precaution Droplet precaution is a set of guidelines that aim to minimize the spread of
infection via droplets. An example would be avoiding close contact with
people who are sick, and wearing a mask if you are around someone who is
coughing or sneezing.

Airborne precaution Airborn precautions are a type of infection control that are used to prevent the
spread of diseases that can be spread through the air. An example of an
airborne disease is tuberculosis. Airborne precautions involve using a mask,
gown, and gloves when entering a room where a patient with an airborne
disease is present.

QUESTION 5
In one short paragraph, explain the Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in
Healthcare.

The Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare aim to reduce the
transmission of infections in healthcare settings. The guidelines cover a range of topics, including hand
hygiene, cleaning and disinfection, and the use of personal protective equipment. The guidelines are based
on the best available evidence and provide guidance for healthcare workers on how to prevent and control
infections in their workplace.

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QUESTION 6
Provide the relevant AS/NZ Standard for the following PPE items:

PPE item AS/NZ Standard

Gloves The relevant AS/NZ Standard for gloves is AS/NZS 2161.1:2018.

Eyewear The relevant AS/NZ Standard for eyewear is AS/NZS 1337.1:2007.

Gowns The relevant AS/NZ Standard for gowns is AS/NZS 4391:2001.

Masks The relevant AS/NZ Standard for masks is AS/NZS 1716:2012.

QUESTION 7
Describe how each of the following standard precautions are used to prevent infectious agents spreading
from one person to another.

Standard precaution How it is used to stop infection spreading

Cough etiquette Cough etiquette are used to prevent infectious agents spreading from one
person to another bycovering your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze,
disposing of tissues properly, and washing your hands afterwards.

Handling of waste Some ways to prevent the spread of infection through waste handling are to
wash your hands after coming into contact with garbage, avoid touching your
face while handling garbage, and wear gloves when cleaning up.

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 Standard precaution How it is used to stop infection spreading

Handling of linen One way to prevent the spread of infection is to handle linen in a certain way.
This includes washing hands before and after handling linen, avoiding contact
with dirty laundry, and wearing gloves when handling dirty laundry.

Aprons/gowns Elaborating on how aprons and gowns help to prevent the spread of infection,
wearing them creates a barrier between you and the dirty linen. This barrier
helps to keep you from coming in contact with potentially infectious agents.

QUESTION 8
Provide at least three infection control methods you can use at work for each of the following.

Tasks Infection control methods

Food preparation 1. Washing your hands thoroughly and often, especially before handling food.
2. Keeping food preparation areas clean, including countertops, utensils, and
cutting boards.
3. Avoiding cross contamination by keeping raw meat, poultry, seafood, and
eggs separate from other foods.

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 Tasks Infection control methods

General cleanliness in 1. Keeping common areas clean, such as lobbies, bathrooms, and kitchens.
the workplace 2. Encouraging employees to maintain a tidy work area.
(i.e. housekeeping)
3. Regularly cleaning high-touch surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches,
and countertops.

Cleaning up bodily fluid 1. Wearing gloves when cleaning up bodily fluid spills.
spills 2. Using a disinfectant to clean the area where the spill occurred.
3. Disposing of any materials used to clean the spill in a sealed bag or
container.

Disposing of infectious The three infection control methods you can use at work for Disposing of
waste infectious waste are:
1. Autoclave
2. Chemical disinfection
3. Incineration

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QUESTION 9
Explain the purpose of a bacterial spore.

Spores are a type of dormant bacteria that can resist high temperatures and other harsh conditions. When
the spores come into contact with more ideal conditions, they can germinate and begin to grow again
Bacteria spores are an important part of the bacteria life cycle. When conditions are unfavorable for
bacterial growth, the bacteria can enter a dormant state by forming spores. Spores are resistant to high
temperatures and other harsh conditions, and can remain dormant for long periods of time. When the
conditions become more favorable, the spores will germinate and begin to grow again.

QUESTION 10
For each of the following pathogens, provide one example of the disease they can cause.

Pathogen Disease

Bacteria There are many examples of bacteria that can cause disease. One example is
streptococcus, which can cause strep throat.

Viruses There are many examples of viruses that can cause disease. One example is
the flu virus, which can cause influenza.

Protozoa There are many examples of protozoa that can cause disease. One example is
Giardia lamblia, which can cause giardiasis.

Fungi Many types of fungi can cause infections in humans. The most common type of
fungal infection is athlete's foot, which is caused by a fungus called
Trichophyton. Other examples of fungi that can cause infections include
candida (yeast), Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus.

Download the PDF file from the following website and use as your guide to answer questions 11–17.
https://www.health.gov.au/resources/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-guidelines-for-outbreaks-in-
residential-care-facilities.

QUESTION 11
COVID-19 is a health pandemic currently effecting the global community.
What are the symptoms to look for?

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 Fever, coughing, and difficulty breathing are the most common symptoms of COVID-19. These
symptoms can appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus.

QUESTION 12
Personal hygiene procedures must be followed to protect against COVID-19 and prevent the virus spreading.
Draw a line to match the following areas of the body to the specific COVID-19 hygiene practice required.

Body area Hygiene strategy

1. Mouth a) Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth

2. Hands b) Increase the amount of fresh air available by opening windows or adjusting
air conditioning

3. Face c) Cover your coughs and sneezes with your elbow or a tissue

4. Lungs d) Washing your hands thoroughly with soap and water whenever you cough,
sneeze or blow your nose, prepare food or eat, care for someone sick,
touch your face, or use the toilet. Follow service hand washing policy

QUESTION 13
Provide the infection control methods needed for COVID-19 for the following:

Procedure Infection control method

Using tissues There are a few different infection control methods that can be used for COVID-
19 when using tissues. One method is to dispose of the tissue immediately after
use. Another method is to cough or sneeze into the tissue, then wash your
hands afterwards. Finally, you can also wear a face mask when using tissues.

Using hand sanitizers There are a few different infection control methods that can be used for COVID-
19 when using hand sanitizers. One method is to apply the sanitizer to your
hands and rub them together until they are completely dry. Another method is
to use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.

Using surfaces There are a few different infection control methods that can be used for COVID-
19 when using surfaces. One method is to clean and disinfect the surface on a
regular basis. Another method is to avoid touching your face when you are in
contact with surfaces. Finally, you can also wear gloves when you are cleaning
or coming into contact with surfaces.

Personal items carried There are a few different infection control methods that can be used for COVID-
at work 19 personal items carried at work. These include washing your hands
frequently, using hand sanitizer, and avoiding touching your face.

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QUESTION 14
List the social distancing requirements for stopping the spread of COVID-19 when in public.

There are a few social distancing requirements for stopping the spread
of COVID-19 when in public. These include staying at least six feet away from other people, avoiding
close contact with people who are sick, and avoiding large gatherings of people. By following these
social distancing requirements, individuals can help to stop the spread of COVID-19.

QUESTION 15
List the steps for social distancing in the workplace to stop the spread of COVID-19.

There are a few key things to remember when social distancing in the workplace:
1. Avoid close contact with others - This means keeping a distance of six feet or more between yourself
and other people.
2. Put space between workspaces - If possible, rearrange workstations so that there is more space
between them.
3. Limit face-to-face meetings - Utilize video conferencing or other remote communication methods
whenever possible.
4. Stay home if you’re sick - If you’re feeling ill, stay home from work and rest until you’re better.

QUESTION 16
Self-isolation due to COVID-19 includes not leaving your home for 14 days. Who must self-isolate?

Self-isolation is recommended for people who have been in close contact with someone who has tested
positive for COVID-19, as well as those who have recently traveled to an area with a high number of
cases.

QUESTION 17
Circle True or False for the following self-isolation requirements for COVID-19.

TRUE FALSE Do not leave your home/hotel unless it is an emergency

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 TRUE FALSE You can go to public places such as work or shopping centres

Do not let visitors in – only people who usually live with you should be in your
TRUE FALSE
home

TRUE FALSE If you live in a house you can go outside into your yard

TRUE FALSE If you live in an apartment you cannot go outside to common areas

QUESTION 18
Provide at least five examples of when you should wash your hands in the workplace.

Example 1: When you arrive at work

Example 2: After using the restroom

Example 3: Before and after eating

Example 4: After handling any sort of waste

Example 5: Whenever your hands feel dirty or contaminated

QUESTION 19
Using a step-by-step approach, explain how to wash and rub your hands properly.

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 To wash and rub your hands properly, first wet your hands with clean running water. Apply soap to your
hands and lather well. Rub your palms together, then rub the backs of your hands. Be sure to scrub
between your fingers and under your nails. Rinse well and dry with a clean towel or air dryer.

QUESTION 20
There are two types of pre-surgical hand scrubs:
 a five-minute timed scrub
 a numbered stroke method.
Choose one of these pre-surgical hand scrubs and provide a step-by-step outline of the procedure:

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 For the numbered stroke method, wet your hands with clean running water and apply soap. Lather up well,
then rub each palm 25 times (or until you reach 100 strokes total). Next,rub the backs of each hand 15 times
(or until you reach 50 strokes total). Scrub between each finger 10 times (or until you reach 40 strokes total),
and finally

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QUESTION 21
Fill out the table below about the 5 moments for hand hygiene.

Moment When? Why?

Before touching a patient, you should always wash There are a few reasons why it's important to
Before touching a
your hands and put on gloves. wash your hands and wear gloves before touching
patient
a patient. First, it helps to reduce the spread of
infection. Second, it protects you from getting
exposed to any potential contaminants on the
patient's body. Finally, it shows that you're taking
care of yourself and being considerate of the
patient's well-being.

Before clean/ Hand hygiene must be performed before There are a few reasons why it's
aseptic procedure any clean or aseptic procedure is important to clean your hands and wear
conducted, in order to prevent the gloves before performing a clean or
spread of infection. aseptic procedure. First, it helps to
reduce the spread of infection. Second, it
protects you from getting exposed to any
potential contaminants on the patient's
body. Finally, it shows that you're taking
care of yourself and being considerate of
the patient's well-being.

After body fluid Hands must be cleaned after any It is important to follow proper infection
exposure risk exposure to body fluids, in order to control guidelines to reduce the risk of
prevent the spread of infection. infection. This may include wearing PPE,
such as gloves and gowns, and
following proper hand hygiene
guidelines. It may also be necessary to
decontaminate any equipment or
surfaces that may have been
contaminated with body fluids.

After touching a Hands should be cleaned after touching It is important to follow proper hand
patient a patient, in order to prevent the spread hygiene guidelines to reduce the risk of
of infection. infection. This includes washing your
hands with soap and water or using an
alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

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 Moment When? Why?

After touching Surfaces in the patients environment It is important to follow proper hand
patient may harbour pathogens and so hands hygiene guidelines to reduce the risk of
surroundings should be cleaned aftertouching these infection. This includes washing your
surfaces,to again prevent the spread of hands with soap and water or using an
infection. alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It is also
important to clean and disinfect any
equipment or surfaces that may have
been contaminated with patient
secretions or excretions.

QUESTION 22
Research workplace requirements for hand hygiene for each of the following and write down how you would
follow them.

Skin There are a few different workplace requirements for hand hygiene,
depending on the industry. However, in general, employers should
provide workers with soap and water and make sure that surfaces are
clean and sanitized. Workers should also be required to wash their
hands after coming into contact with any hazardous materials.

Fingernails There are a few different workplace requirements for hand hygiene
when it comes to fingernails. First, employees should keep their
fingernails clean and trimmed. Second, they should avoid wearing
artificial nails or nail polish. Third, they should wash their hands
thoroughly and often, using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand
sanitizer. Finally, they should avoid touching their face or eyes with
their hands.

Jewellery/watches There are a few different workplace requirements for hand hygiene
when it comes to jewelry and watches. First, employees should avoid
wearing any jewelry that could fall off and contaminate food or
surfaces. Second, they should remove their watch before washing
their hands thoroughly. Third, they should wash their hands thoroughly
and often, using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
Finally, they should avoid touching their face or eyes with their hands.

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QUESTION 23
Provide an outline of routine surface cleaning procedures in a client care facility.

To routine surface clean a client care facility, you will need to gather the proper cleaning supplies. This
includes items such as a vacuum cleaner, mop, bucket, rags or sponges, and cleaning solutions.
To vacuum a client care facility, you will need to move all furniture out of the way and vacuum the floors,
paying special attention to corners and crevices. Be sure to empty the vacuum cleaner bag when finished.
To mop a client care facility, you will need to fill a bucket with warm water and cleaning solution. Mop the
floor in sections, rinsing the mop in between each section. Be sure to wring out excess water from the mop
before moving on to avoid streaks.
To clean surfaces such as countertops and tables, you will need to use rags or sponges dampened with
cleaning solution. Wipe down each surface thoroughly and rinse with clean water.

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QUESTION 24
Provide a step-by-step overview for disposing needle/syringes into a sharps container.

To dispose of needles and syringes into a sharps container, you will need to find a container that is
approved for this purpose. These containers are usually made of hard plastic and have a lid that can be
sealed shut.
Once you have found an appropriate container, open the lid and insert the needle and syringe into the
opening. Be sure to push down on the plunger so that all of the liquid is released from the syringe before
disposing.
After disposing of the needle and syringe, close the lid on the container tightly until you hear it click shut.

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QUESTION 25
Explain the process of infection using the following elements:
 Pathogen
 Reservoir
 Portal of exit
 Means of transmission
 Portal of entry
 The susceptible host.
You may draw a diagram to help explain your response (attach it to this page) or fill out the table below.

Pathogen Pathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease. They are usually spread
through contact with contaminated objects or fluids, or by inhaling airborne
particles. Symptoms of infection depend on the type of pathogen involved and
can range from mild to deadly.

Reservoir The reservoir is the environment in which a pathogen lives and multiplies.
Reservoirs can include humans, animals, plants, soil, water, and man-made
structures like buildings or equipment. Most pathogens need a living host to
survive, but some can exist for long periods of time inanimate objects like dust or
needles. Transmission occurs when an infectious agent moves from its reservoir
to a susceptible host. This can happen through direct contact (like touching or
sexual intercourse), indirectly (like touching contaminated surfaces), or via vectors
(like mosquitoes or ticks).

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 Portal of exit The process of infection using the portal of exit typically involves four steps. First,
there is an infection or injury at the site where pathogens can enter the body (the
portal of entry). Second, pathogens multiply and spread through the body to the
area where they cause disease (the portal of exit). Third, symptoms develop as the
body responds to the infection. Finally, recovery occurs as the immune system
fights off and eliminates the pathogen from the body.

Means of transmission There are three main ways that infection can spread: through the air, by contact
with contaminated surfaces, or through contact with infected people. airborne
transmission occurs when pathogens float in droplets in the air and are inhaled by
someone else; this is how colds and influenza viruses spread. Contact
transmission occurs when pathogens are transferred from a contaminated
surface to someone's skin or mucous membranes; this is how bacteria like E. coli
and salmonella spread. Lastly, person-to-person transmission occurs when an
infected person coughs or sneezes and another person nearby inhales the
pathogen-containing droplets; this is how respiratory viruses like measles and
pertussis spread.

Portal of entry There are many ways for pathogens to enter the body, but the most common are
through the nose, mouth, eyes, or breaks in the skin. The portal of entry is typically
the site where an infection or injury occurs; for example, a cut on the hand can
provide an entry point for bacteria. Once inside the body, pathogens can multiply
and spread to other areas (the portal of exit), causing symptoms as the body
responds to the infection. Recovery eventually occurs as the immune system
fights off and eliminates the pathogen from the body.

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 The susceptible host Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, which are small organisms that can
cause infection. The pathogen enters the body through a break in the skin or
mucous membrane, and then begins to multiply. The body's immune system tries
to fight off the infection, but sometimes the pathogen is too strong and causes
illness. There are four main types of infection: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and
protozoa.

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QUESTION 26
Provide at least five risk factors associated with contracting a health-care associated infection (HAI).

Risk factor 1: Being in a hospital or other health care facility

Risk factor 2: Receiving injection therapy

Risk factor 3: Having a catheter or other medical device inserted

Risk factor 4: Undergoing surgery

Risk factor 5: Being on dialysis

QUESTION 27
What does the label ‘single use only’ and ‘single patient use’ mean?

Single use only: The label 'single use only' means that the product is intended to be used once and then
discarded. This is often the case with medical products, such as needles or syringes,
which need to be sterile in order to prevent infection.

Single patient It means that the product is for use by a single patient only and shouldn't be shared.
use:

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QUESTION 28
What does the Australian/New Zealand Standard 4187:2014 refer to?

The Australian/New Zealand Standard 4187:2014 is a standard that sets out the requirements for medical
equipment sterilization.

QUESTION 29
Explain the difference between harmless microorganisms and pathogens.

Harmless Harmless microorganisms are microorganisms that do not cause disease. They may
microorganisms: be present on the body or in the environment, but they don't make people sick.

Pathogens: Pathogens, on the other hand, are microorganisms that can cause disease. They may
enter the body through cuts or breaks in the skin, and they can multiply and make
people sick.

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QUESTION 30
An infectious agent or microbe can be exogenous or endogenous. What is the difference between the two
types of microbes?

Exogenous: Exogenous microbes are ones that come from outside the body and can cause
infection.

Endogenous: Endogenous microbes are those that originate from within the body and usually don't
cause infection.

QUESTION 31
Draw a line to match the following terms with their correct definition

A. Colonisation 1. A noticeable impairment of bodily functions

B. Infection 2. Bacteria is present without evidence of infection

3. The active process where bacteria is causing damage to

C. Disease
cells or tissue

D. Source 4. The origin of the infectious agent

QUESTION 32
A human can be the source of contagious infection during which three stages?

Incubation Period. The incubation period is the time from when a person is exposed to a contagious illness
until they start showing symptoms.

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QUESTION 33
What are the 3 main shapes of bacteria?

There are three main shapes of bacteria: cocci, bacilli, and spirilla.

1.Cocci are spherical or circular-shaped bacteria. They can be found singly, in pairs, in clusters, or in chains.
Examples of cocci include Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.
2. Bacilli are rod-shaped bacteria. They can be found singly or in chains and can be either straight or
curved. Examples of bacilli include Escherichia coli and Bacillus.
3. Spirilla are spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. They can be found singly or in groups. Examples of
spirilla include Treponema and Leptospira.

It is important to note that the shape of a bacterium does not necessarily determine its pathogenicity or
ability to cause disease. Some bacteria of all three shapes can be pathogenic, while others are harmless or
even beneficial to humans.

What do I need to hand in for this task? Have I completed this?

Your answers to each question 

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 ASSESSMENT TASK COVER SHEET – ASSESSMENT TASK 2

Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately for this task.
Make sure you have kept a copy of your work.

Name:

Date of birth: Student ID:

Unit:
 HLTINF001 Comply with infection control policies and procedures

Student to complete Assessor to complete

Student
Resubmission? Sufficient/
Assessment Task Y/N initials insufficient Date

Case study

STUDENT DECLARATION

I _________________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.

None of this work has been completed by any other person.

I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s.

I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.

I understand that if I am found to be in breach of policy, disciplinary action may be taken against me.

Student signature: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Student name: ________________________________________________________________________________________

Date: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
ASSESSOR FEEDBACK
Assessors: Please return this cover sheet to the student with assessment results and feedback.
A copy must be supplied to the office and kept in the student’s file with the evidence.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor signature: __________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor name: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Date: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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 ASSESSMENT TASK 2: CASE STUDY

TASK SUMMARY:
You are to read the case study and complete the questions that follow.

WHAT DO I NEED IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THIS ASSESSMENT?

 Access to a computer (if you prefer type out your answers).
 Risk assessment control form (provided)
 Risk assessment control matrix (provided).

WHEN DO I DO THIS TASK?

 You will do this task in your own time.
 Write in the due date as advised by your assessor: _____________________________________

WHAT DO I NEED TO DO IF I GET SOMETHING WRONG?

If your assessor marks any of your answers as incorrect, they will talk to you about resubmission. You will
need to do one of the following:
 Answer the questions that were incorrect in writing.
 Answer the questions that were incorrect verbally.

INSTRUCTIONS:
Read the case study and answer the questions.

CASE STUDY 1

Sarah has just started her new role as a disability support worker at SupportingU, a local residential
disability care service. The managing director, Michelle, received a referral from a friend to hire Sarah to fill
a maternity leave position.
Sarah has the necessary qualification and experience in the field, and as the residence is quite busy
Michelle decides to consider Sarah to work on a one-month probationary trial period.
It has been nearly a month since Sarah started working at the residential facility and Michelle has recently
been informed by another support worker that, upon a number of occasions whilst tending to the patients,
Sarah does not wear the required gloves when administering medication and performing cleaning duties.
She has also been reported to not wash her hands.
This news is particularly concerning as Sarah has been coughing and sniffing over the last few days,
displaying onset of flu-like symptoms. Some of the staff aware of this issue are concerned of infections or
the flu spreading, especially since the residence is rather small and close contact with each other is quite
likely.
Michelle is quite surprised with this news as the residence has very strict guides on hand hygiene policy,
which must be followed at all times. There have been a few small posters put up around the residence as
reminders, and hand sanitiser solution in every room – although there has been no sure way of monitoring
that all staff are adhering to this process.
Now, at one month into Sarah’s role, Michelle decides to conduct a direct observation of Sarah treating her
next patient.
Sarah is on duty for her next client with Michelle directly observing. Michelle notes down the following

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 during her observation:
Sarah did not wear the required gloves when feeding the client, nor did she follow proper clean-up
procedures. The client was given their medication and put to bed, however Sarah did not change the
client’s linen as scheduled. Sarah did not wash her hands once during the observation. ‘
Through direct observation, Michelle has now been able to confirm that Sarah did not follow the correct
hand hygiene or clean up procedures.

You are required to do the following:

1. Complete a risk assessment using the template provided at the end of this task.

2. What hazards have been identified after completing the risk assessment?

3. Who is at risk in this scenario?

The staff and patients at the residential facility are at risk in this scenario.

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4. What infections could potentially occur?

There is a potential for infection to occur if Sarah is not properly washing her hands and/or wearing gloves
when handling medication or cleaning. If Sarah has flu-like symptoms, there is also a risk of her spreading
the flu to others.

5. What PPE would be required to help minimise the risks?

In order to help minimise the risks, Sarah should be wearing gloves when handling medication or cleaning,
and should be washing her hands regularly. If Sarah has flu-like symptoms, she should also be wearing a
mask to help prevent the spread of the flu.

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6. What is Michelle’s responsibility for infection prevention and control as the manager of the residential care
facility?

Michelle's responsibility is to ensure that all staff at the facility are following the proper infection prevention
and control procedures, including hand hygiene. If Sarah is not following these procedures, Michelle needs
to address the issue with her and make sure she understands the importance of adhering to them.

7. Who could Michelle seek advice from to discuss work health and safety issues?

Michelle could seek advice from a variety of sources, including other managers at the facility, health and
safety professionals, or government agencies.

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8. What sustainable procedures, practices or initiatives could Michelle implement at the clinic to help control
potential infection outbreaks? Provide at least three examples.

- Conducting regular audits of staff hand hygiene compliance

- Offering training and education on proper infection prevention and control procedures
- Implementing a system to monitor and record compliance with infection prevention and control
procedures

9. What type of training would need to occur for better hand hygiene? Provide three examples.

It sounds like Sarah might need some more training on hand hygiene and clean up procedures. Perhaps
she could benefit from a refresher course on the proper procedures, or some one-on-one coaching from a
more experienced staff member. Additionally, it might be helpful to increase monitoring of hand hygiene
compliance through regular audits or spot checks.

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10. What documentation would be required to support these initiatives? Provide five examples.

1. A copy of the hand hygiene policy would be required to support the initiative, as it would show what the
correct procedures are and what is expected of staff.
2. Posters reminding staff of the hand hygiene policy would be helpful in ensuring that everyone is aware of
the importance of proper hand hygiene.
3. Sanitiser solution in every room would help to make sure that staff have easy access to a way to clean
their hands correctly.
4. Direct observation notes from Michelle would provide evidence that Sarah did not follow the correct
procedures and confirm that there is a problem with her adherence to hand hygiene policy.
5. Sarah's personnel file could contain information about her qualifications and experience in the field,
which may help to

11. Review The 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene Program by Hand Hygiene Australia and explain how this
would be a beneficial initiative for Michelle’s workplace to participate in.

The 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene Program by Hand Hygiene Australia is a beneficial initiative for Michelle’s
workplace to participate in as it would help to remind staff of the importance of proper hand hygiene and
when it is necessary to clean their hands. The program includes posters, educational materials, and regular
audits which would all be helpful in ensuring that staff are adhering to the hand hygiene policy.

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12. Who is responsible for monitoring and maintaining these procedures?

The person responsible for monitoring and maintaining these procedures is typically the manager or
supervisor. In this case, it would be Michelle.

13. Imagine you identified a laceration on Sarah’s hands that was bleeding. Explain the hand care procedure
you would follow.

If I identified a laceration on Sarah's hands that was bleeding, the hand care procedure I would follow
would be to clean the wound with soap and water, apply pressure to the wound if necessary to stop the
bleeding, and then bandage the wound.

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14. Sarah was suffering from cold and flu. Explain the procedures for respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
in this situation.

Some procedures for respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette in this situation include:
- Covering your mouth and nose with a tissue when you sneeze or cough
- Disposing of used tissues immediately
- Washing your hands often with soap and water, or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and
water are not available

CASE STUDY PART 2A

It has been nearly three months since Michelle had the issue with hand hygiene at the residential facility
and all has been going well since. Michelle has recently been informed of the COVID-19 Outbreak in the
global community.
Michelle and the management team need to develop procedures immediately to ensure the facility is
protecting residents, staff and visitors.

15. Download the PDF file from the following website and use as your guide to answer questions 15–18.
https://www.health.gov.au/resources/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-guidelines-for-outbreaks-in-
residential-care-facilities

The updated procedures need to have guidelines for:

 Identifying a potential COVID-19 outbreak and the steps to take

The main symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, tiredness, and dry cough. Some people may also have
a runny nose, sore throat, or diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and begin gradually.
However, some people become infected but don’t develop any symptoms and don’t feel unwell.

Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing special treatment. Around 1 out
of every 6 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing. Older
people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic
respiratory disease, hypertension are more likely to develop serious illness."

 How to manage Visitors

There are a few things to consider when managing visitors during a potential COVID-19 outbreak:
• Encourage virtual visits instead of in-person visits. This can help reduce the spread of the virus.
• If someone must come in person, make sure they are healthy and do not have any symptoms of
COVID-19.
• Have visitors wash their hands before entering and after leaving the facility.

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 • Visitors should wear a face mask if possible, and maintain social distancing while they are in the
facility.

 How to manage Communication with clients

Well, first you need to establish what kind of communication you want with your clients. Do you
want to be available to them 24/7, or just during business hours? Once you know that, you can set
up some guidelines and expectations for how communication will work. For example, if you only
want to be available during business hours, then let your clients know that and stick to it. If they try
to contact you outside of those hours, don't respond until the next day. That way they'll know that
they won't be able to reach you at all times and won't expect an immediate response every time
they contact you.

 Infection control procedures, including PPE required

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 There are a few different infection control procedures that you can put in place, depending on the
type of business you're running. For example, if you're working with food, then you'll need to make
sure that everything is clean and sanitized.

16. What type of training would need to occur to ensure the procedures are followed correctly?

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 There would need to be some sort of training in place to ensure that everyone knows the procedures
and how to follow them correctly. This could be done through a variety of methods, such as an in-
person training session, an online course, or even just a written guide that everyone can reference.

17. What key factors would need to be considered when adapting the Risk Management Plan for COVID-19?

Some key factors that could be considered when adapting a Risk Management Plan for COVID-19
include:

-The type of industry/business that is being operated

-The size of the company

-The location(s) of the company

-How many employees there are

-What type of risk management plan is already in place

CASE STUDY PART 2B

There is now news of an elderly client in the residential care facility who has suspected COVID-19. They
have been tested and are awaiting results.
18. Outline the procedures that will need to be followed, including:
 How to care for the client in the residential care facility

When caring for clients in a residential care facility, it is important to take basic precautions such as
washing your hands often, avoiding close contact with those who are sick, and cleaning and
disinfecting surfaces that are frequently touched.

 How to manage Symptomatic clients

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 If a client becomes symptomatic, it is important to isolate them from other clients and staff
members, provide them with personal protective equipment (if necessary), and closely monitor
their symptoms.

What do I need to hand in for this task? Have I completed this?

Your answers to this case study 

Risk Assessment Control Form 

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 Risk Assessment Control form

Location Site supervisor/manager Michelle

Completed by Date

Description of work task/activity:

Hazard identification and initial risk rating Control measures and actions

Hazard Potential harm Likelihood of Risk level Current control Further action/ Who’s Date
harm rating measures and their controls required responsible
occurring effectiveness

Risks should be
identified and
reviewed
systematically to
ensure that things,
activities,
situations,
processes, and so
on that cause
harm to people or
property are
controlled. Using a
risk assessment
form is one way to
ensure that all
risks are evaluated
consistently. This

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 Hazard identification and initial risk rating Control measures and actions

Hazard Potential harm Likelihood of Risk level Current control Further action/ Who’s Date
harm rating measures and their controls required responsible
occurring effectiveness

procedure should
be performed by
someone who is
experienced and
well-versed in the
activity.

Potential spread of Spread of infections High, as High Posters as reminders Immediate Michelle, as The observations
infections or flu or flu to patients and Sarah has and hand sanitiser implementation of the managing took place at
due to Sarah not other staff, displayed flu- solution in every measures to ensure that director, is some point after
wearing gloves or particularly in a small like room, although there Sarah follows proper responsible for Sarah had been
washing her residence where symptoms is no sure way of hand hygiene and clean- ensuring that working at the
hands while close contact is likely and has not monitoring that all up procedures, including proper hand residence for
administering been staff are adhering to wearing gloves and hygiene and nearly a month.
medication and following these measures washing her hands. clean-up
performing proper hand Michelle should also procedures
cleaning duties hygiene and consider implementing are followed
clean-up additional measures to by all staff at
procedures monitor and enforce the residence.
adherence to hand Sarah is also
hygiene policies by all responsible for
staff. following
these
procedures as
part of her
duties as a
disability
support
worker.

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 Hazard identification and initial risk rating Control measures and actions

Hazard Potential harm Likelihood of Risk level Current control Further action/ Who’s Date
harm rating measures and their controls required responsible
occurring effectiveness

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 Hazard identification and initial risk rating Control measures and actions

Hazard Potential harm Likelihood of Risk level Current control Further action/ Who’s Date
harm rating measures and their controls required responsible
occurring effectiveness

RISK ASSESSMENT RATING MATRIX

Use this table to determine the current risk for each identified hazard.

LIKELIHOOD

RARE UNLIKELY POSSIBLE LIKELY ALMOST CERTAIN

The event will only occur in The event is not likely to The event may occur within The event is likely to occur The event is almost certain to
exceptional circumstances occur in a year a year within a year occur within a year
CONSEQUENC

SEVERE/CATASTROPHIC
MEDIUM HIGH EXTREME EXTREME EXTREME
(Accidental death / serious injury)

MAJOR MEDIUM MEDIUM HIGH EXTREME EXTREME

(serious injury)

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 E MODERATE
LOW MEDIUM HIGH HIGH HIGH
(Lost time due to workplace injury)

MINOR
(Minor workplace injury – no lost LOW LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM
time)

MINIMAL
LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW
(no injury)

RISK LEVELS
Resolution at each level involves reducing the risk level to a lower level of risk

 Extreme – requires immediate assessment with management consideration. A detailed plan, regular monitoring and reporting is required with a target resolution within 1 month timeframe

 High – requires immediate assessment with senior staff consideration, planning and reporting. Target resolution should ideally be within 3 months

 Medium – reviewing of existing controls and planning required. Resolution timeframe should be within 1 year

Low – the risk may be tolerable and controlled if managed with high quality process and procedures.

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 ASSESSMENT TASK COVER SHEET – ASSESSMENT TASK 3

Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately for this task.
Make sure you have kept a copy of your work.

Name:

Date of birth: Student ID:

Unit:
 HLTINF001 Comply with infection control policies and procedures

Student to complete Assessor to complete

Student
Resubmission? Sufficient/
Assessment Task Y/N initials insufficient Date

Role play

STUDENT DECLARATION

I _________________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.

None of this work has been completed by any other person.

I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s.

I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.

I understand that if I am found to be in breach of policy, disciplinary action may be taken against me.

Student signature: ___________________________________________________________________________________

Student name: ______________________________________________________________________________________

Date: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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ASSESSOR FEEDBACK
Assessors: Please return this cover sheet to the student with assessment results and feedback.
A copy must be supplied to the office and kept in the student’s file with the evidence.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor signature: __________________________________________________________________________________

Assessor name: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Date: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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 ASSESSMENT TASK 3: ROLE PLAY

TASK SUMMARY:
You are required to follow procedures to clean up a bodily fluid spill (vomit).

WHAT DO I NEED IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THIS ASSESSMENT?

 Access to your workplace.
 An area in which you can demonstrate clean-up procedures.
 A bodily fluids spill kit.
 2 x spill area warning signs.
 PPE.
 Disinfectant.
 Clinical waste bags and ties.
 Clinical waste receptacle.
 Hand-washing facilities
 Substance to simulate vomit (your assessor will provide).

WHEN DO I DO THIS ASSESSMENT?

 You will do this task during your assessor’s visit to your workplace.
 Write in the date of your assessor’s workplace visit: _____________________________________

WHAT DO I NEED TO DO IF I GET SOMETHING WRONG?

If your assessor sees that you have not shown appropriate skills or knowledge, they will give you some
feedback and you will need to do the specific task again.

INSTRUCTIONS:

Your service has been suffering from a gastro-enteritis outbreak.

A client announces that they feel sick, and they suddenly vomit on the floor.
You have been instructed to take action to clean the area and prevent further spread of infection.

For this task your assessor will use a substance to simulate vomit.
1. Using your workplace’s policies and procedures and a bodily fluids spill kit, clean up the vomit and wash
the area.
2. Once you have cleaned up properly, correctly dispose of the contaminated materials as per procedure.
3. As you work, you are to explain to your assessor what you are doing. Remember to communicate
professionally and appropriately with your assessor during this time.
Your assessor will ask you a number of verbal questions about infection control procedures after you have
completed the task.

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 Your assessor will be looking to see that you can:

 Read, understand and follow procedures and guidelines to safely dispose of contaminated waste
For example, correct use of the spill kit, use of PPE, consideration of others’ health and safety, etc.

 Respond to a situation in which additional precautions are required to prevent transmission of infection
For example, correct hand hygiene procedures, use of disinfectant etc.

 Read, understand and follow procedures and guidelines to safely dispose of contaminated waste
For example, use of correct bags or containers, disposing in the correct place, etc.

 Follow organisation procedures when selecting the right PPE

 Correctly place warning signs

 Identify any risks to clients and report and record these

 Identify, separate and maintain clean and contaminated zones

 Demonstrate correct hand washing procedure before and after the clean up.

What do I need to hand in for this task? Have I completed this?

You do not need to submit anything for this task NA

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