Integration of Wireless Sensor

Networks with Cloud:

• These days Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are integrated
with cloud computing to facilitate the end users in many ways.
• It helps the end users to run several applications of various
wireless sensor networks through virtualization. This
integration can provide sensor-as a-service and known as
sensor cloud.
• Cloud computing helps to virtualize the physical sensors and
this virtualization provides end users an opportunity to execute
multiple applications without having any care of numbers and
types of WSN.
• WSN is having several applications and being integrated with other
technologies , although it is having some challenges such as energy
efficiency, security, fault tolerance, scalability etc.
• An application of WSN does not use all physical sensors always. Sensor
cloud is a paradigm which collects the data from physical sensors and sends
it into a cloud computing infrastructure.
• This processed data is provided to the users anytime and anywhere when
requested by him. This paradigm provides intelligent operation and
communication of WSN by integrating it with cloud to serve the people
better. Sensor cloud can be of three types: Independent SC, collaborative
SC and mutual SC.
• The architecture of sensor cloud model is slightly different with the
architecture of traditional WSN. In this new model, many small sensor
nodes are available which collect the data.
• This data is sent to the base station or gateway and then the collected
information is transmitted to the cloud. This information is stored on the
cloud computing platform. Multiple users or clients can access the data
from the cloud using internet.
 Advantages of sensor cloud
• Increased data storage
• Increased processing power
• Dynamic provisioning of services
• Quick response time
• Flexibility
• Scalability
• Multi-tenancy
• Agility of services
• Resource optimization
• Collaboration
• Automation
• Virtualization
 Issues and challenges with sensor cloud
• Storage issue
• Power issue
• Bandwidth limitation
• Massive scaling
• Real time multimedia content processing
• Authorization issues
• Security and privacy support issues
• Efficient information dissemination
• Pricing issues
• Network access management
• Resource and hardware compatibility issues
• Resource scheduling
• Resource usage policy
• Interface standardization issues
• Quality of Service
 ARCHITECTURE OF SENSOR CLOUD

• The sensor cloud architecture is shown in fig 2.

• The integrating system includes many components such as

Identity Access Management Unit (IAMU),

Request Subscriber (RS),
Sub/Pub Broker
Data Processing Unit (DPU).
• A. Identity Access Management Unit (IAMU):

Basic goals of Identity Access Management Unit (IAMU) are to create authentication for
consumer, to define service type and to provide the policy for access control of cloud
resources. With help of IAMU consumer gets connected with provider.
• B. Request Subscriber (RS)
RS explains the request of users. This unit verifies the request of clients. This unit works
for retrieval of data on the user’s request. RS passes the request to Sub/ Pub Broker. It
also implements monitoring & metering.
• C. Subscriber/ Publisher (Sub/Pub) Broker
Publisher submits the new data in the resource system. Data is stored in the index of the
Sub/Pub Broker. When any Subscriber requests the data then RS creates the new
subscription. If this subscription is matched with publisher data, then Sub/Pub Broker
access the data. This system reduces resource consumption as well as complexity of the
system.
• D. Data Processing Unit (DPU)
This unit is useful for processing and disseminating the outcome which is created by
queries. DPU is used as database. It has collection of several tables. In these tables
individual sensor readings are stored. Every sensor reading is linked with each other in
the table. This unit is helpful for storing the data and also for retrieving the data from
cloud.
 Process between User and WSN
• User creates the account at IAMU & sends the request to it.
• IAMU defines type of service and creates request message.
• Request message is sent to the RS.
• RS creates the subscription & sends it to Sub/Pub Broker.
• Data is collected from WSNs to virtual nodes.
• Virtual nodes relate it with each application.
• DPU stores the data from virtual node.
• DPU send the index data to the Sub/Pub Broker.
• Sub/Pub Broker matches both index data with DPU and required
by RS.
• If data is matched, then Sub/Pub Broker sends request to retrieve
the data from DPU.
• DPU provides the requested data to the Sub/Pub Broker.
• Sub/Pub Broker forwards the data via RS and IAMU to the client.
VIRTUALIZATION IN SENSOR CLOUD
• This model consists of two types of providers. First
provider is called Sensor Infrastructure Provider (SInP)
that manages all the sensor nodes in WSN.
• Other provider is known as Sensor Virtualization
Network Service Provider (SVNSP) which creates
virtualization of sensor networks using multiple SInP.
This virtualization of sensor networks is called Virtual
Sensor Network (VSN). Application Level User (ALU)
can connect to various SVNSP for different
applications .
• Virtualization helps in maximum utilization of physical
sensors through multiple applications running at a time.
This technology provides new opportunities in various
fields of applications such as battlefield surveillance,
healthcare, vehicle telemetric, structural monitoring and
agriculture monitoring etc.
• Virtualization in WSN can be divided in two categories as
discussed below:

• Node level virtualization

• Network level virtualization
 Node Level Virtualization

• This type of virtualization is implemented to execute multiple tasks on a physical

sensor node at the same time. This is shown in fig 4.
 VI. APPLICATIONS OF SENSOR CLOUD

• There are several applications of sensor cloud in today’s

era.
• Rock sliding & animal crossing monitoring is one of the
popular applications of sensor cloud to protect animals from
rock slides in mountain area.
• When this application is deployed, an emergency signaling
is used to make the animals aware of rock sliding.
• Fig 6 shows a mountain area where animals cross the road
and on the mountains, there may be rock slides. In this case,
there is a single physical WSN.
• Two VSNs are using this single WSN for two different
applications: monitoring rock slides and monitoring animal
crossing.
 Contd.
• Battlefield monitoring
• Environmental monitoring
• Disaster detection
• Smart home monitoring
• Healthcare monitoring
• Wildlife monitoring
• Weather monitoring
• Transport and vehicle telematics
• Agriculture monitoring
• Industrial monitoring
• Structural monitoring
• Target tracking applications
 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

• Authorization Issue- It is a most common issue in sensor network .If

anyone can authorize sensor network without any permission of
administrator then generate the authorization issue in Sensor-Cloud.
• Energy Issue- WSN and sensor-cloud are require to lot of energy
and power consumption for proper working of sensor nodes and
large amount of sensor data that is avoid the large data transmission.
• Security Issue- For authorization transaction and smooth working of
network or infrastructure however maintain and manage integrity in
daily routine. Therefore, if a sensor-cloud network system sensor
data are send
• Storage Issue- Storing the sensor data at back end side is important
issues in sensor cloud. Data storage issue is one of the common
issues in wireless sensor network and sensor cloud.
 SUBSTANCES INVOLVED IN SENSOR CLOUD

• Owner- Sensor cloud owner is a person who manages

or maintained its own physical sensor .which is
established as per the owner requirement.
• Administrator- Sensor cloud services are organized by
the sensor administrator. It also regulates virtual sensor
and the user interface.
• End user- It can be defined as the person who utilized
the sensor cloud data for one or more application.
• Earth observation- In this application sensor grid
analyzes, visualizes the GPS data and also collects the
data from various GPS location.
 ADVANTAGES OF SENSOR CLOUD
• Analysis-It is combination of large amount collected sensor
data and sensor networks over the cloud computing
prototype. It maintain cloud computing infrastructure being
fascinating for various kind of analysis.
• Scalability-If the need of increase resources so, organization
add some extra services from cloud merchant without any
expenditure. That is called scalability of sensor cloud.
• Visualization-Sensor cloud infrastructure provides a
imagination platform to be used for gathered and reacquire
sensor data from different sources.
• Collaboration-Sensor cloud allow to share sensor data by
several category of retailers therefore, the union of many
physical sensor networks.
• Increase data storage and processing-It allocate facility
to store data and excessive processing and also provide
an application manage large amount of data.
• Dynamic processing of services-In this benefit Sensor
cloud access their data from anywhere, everywhere and
any time they want to access data from sensor data.
• Flexibility-It provides extensibility to its user then the
prior computing procedure. It allows to stored and share
sensor data under flexibility usage environment.
• Quick response time-It is concatenation of (WSN)
wireless sensor network and cloud computing supply a
rapid to the user. Therefore it is called real time
application.
• Automation-Automation play an important role in sensor
cloud computing. It also increases the transmission time
t o significant changes.
• Multitenancy-
It is an ability which distributes services to multiple users and share sensor
cloud resources. It also provided openness of sensor data to access anywhere
and everywhere.
 Conclusion
• This module describes a survey on integration of WSN with
cloud. People can use the sensors of multiple WSN for various
applications with help of virtualization and cloud.
• Virtualization facilitates in creating virtual sensor networks
from various physical sensors which helps the cloud to provide
sensor-as a-service to its end users. In this way, this integration
helps to optimize the usefulness of the sensor networks as well
as the cloud.