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Ex 10

The document describes an experiment to determine the focal length of a convex lens. Key steps include: 1. Measuring the object and image distances for the convex lens using a needle, ruler, and pinhole. 2. Correcting the object and image distances for lens thickness and pinhole position. 3. Plotting the corrected object and image distances on a graph to determine the focal length, which is taken as the mean of the values calculated from the x and y-axes intersections.

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Pristy Joyis
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63 views3 pages

Ex 10

The document describes an experiment to determine the focal length of a convex lens. Key steps include: 1. Measuring the object and image distances for the convex lens using a needle, ruler, and pinhole. 2. Correcting the object and image distances for lens thickness and pinhole position. 3. Plotting the corrected object and image distances on a graph to determine the focal length, which is taken as the mean of the values calculated from the x and y-axes intersections.

Uploaded by

Pristy Joyis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 10

Aim:- To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or
between 1/u and 1/v.

Apparatus:- An optical bench, two sharp-edged needle , convex lens , three uprights (with
clamps), knitting needle, metre scale and spirit level.

Diagram:-

Theory:-

Observations:-
1. Rough focal length of the convex lens = ... cm
2. Length of the index needle as measured by the metre scale, L0 =... cm
3. Thickness of the thin convex lens (given), t = ... cm.
4. Actual length between the optical centre O of the lens and tip of the pin, l 0 = L0 + t/2
= ... cm
5. Observed distance between the object needle and lens when the knitting needle is
placed between them l’o= ……… cm
6. Observed distance between the image needle and lens when the knitting needle is
placed between them l’i= ……… cm
7. Index correction for object distance, eo = l 0 – l′ 0 = cm;
similarly for image pin, ei = l i – l′ i = ...cm

Observation table:-

S.No Observed u Observed v Corrected u Corrected v


(cm) (cm) (cm) (v)
(cm)

Calculations:- ( Calculation of mean focal length by plotting graph)

(Graph is to be drawn using obsrvation from table)

Distance OA (= 2f ) on Y-axis = ... cm

Distance OB (= 2f ) on X-axis = ... cm


Mean focal length of the convex lens, f=(OA + OB)/2 =............ cm

Result:-
The focal length of the given convex lens from u – v graph =...cm

Precaution (any two): -

1. The uprights supporting the optical elements should be rigid and mounted vertically
2. The aperture of the lens should be small otherwise the image formed will not be distinct.

Sources of error (any two):-


1. The uprights may not be vertical.
2. Parallax removal may not be perfect.

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